Are general reforms to support the overall functioning of the labour market sufficient to deliver good employment performance or are targeted measures toimprove employment outcomes for particular groups also required? As policy priorities have shifted from lowering unemployment to raising employment ratesmore generally, it has become evident that there is a role for tailored policies which tackle the barriers to participation affecting groups in the working-age population who tend to be under-represented in employment or too often hold jobs that do not make full use of their productive potential. These groups include women, older workers, youth and immigrants. Which types of measures have proven to be most effective for each group? Should the scope of the Jobs Strategy also be expanded to encompass measures to address the problems faced by workers in lagging regions or informal employment?