Vaccines are a cost-effective tool for protecting against infectious diseases. There is broad agreement within the global scientific community that the most effective way to defeat infectious diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP), measles, hepatitis B, and influenza is through the mass vaccination of populations around the world. High national coverage rates, however, may not be sufficient to stop disease spreading if vaccination rates are uneven within the country, or if take‑up is low in specific population groups. Hence, government action to garner trust and public confidence in the safety and efficacy of vaccination across all population groups is essential for the success of vaccination programmes (OECD, 2021[1]).