This chapter explores ways in which social protection policies can address women’s unpaid care work. It begins with a look at coverage gaps associated with significant underinvestment in social protection, such as in maternity leave and paid parental leave for men. There follows a discussion of policy options to redress women’s socio-economic disadvantage resulting from unpaid care responsibilities. Highlighted are the interventions of health and social insurance; cash transfer programmes; cash-for-care benefits; public works programmes; pensions; and leave benefits. The dynamics of such programmes are examined through examples from the focus countries: provision of welfare payments or transfers to enable families to care for vulnerable groups (Kenya); adapting social security and benefits to address the specific needs of unpaid care workers (Brazil); and expansion of the Social Security Fund to include informal workers and provide allowances to different categories of women, though not explicitly recognising their role in caring work (Nepal).