Browse by: "PRE-2012"

Innovation drives long-term economic growth. It has a crucial role to play as global economies recover from the current financial crisis. This book examines the role of innovation in developing countries, with a focus on Africa. It investigates innovation systems and their application; the key role of knowledge in innovation for development; and the importance of comparable country studies and official statistics on innovation. It stresses the need for innovation to become part of a comprehensive development agenda, and makes recommendations for promoting activities in both the formal and informal sectors, with the aim of transforming agriculture into a knowledge-based industry capable of stimulating economic growth.

Innovation and the Development Agenda is an important component of the overall OECD Innovation Strategy, which seeks to create stronger and more sustainable growth, while addressing the key global challenges of the 21st century. It is also part of the Innovation, Technology, and Society programme of IDRC. For more information on IDRC programmes see www.idrc.ca.

This review of regional innovation assesses how to improve Catalonia's current strategy and actions in order to boost its innovation system through both its own programmes and those of Spain and the European Union.

It finds that with over seven million inhabitants and a GDP of around EUR 204 billion, Catalonia is not only an important region within Spain, but within the OECD as well. Indeed, its economic output is similar to countries like Portugal and Norway. The region experienced massive population growth over the past decade, due to immigration, which in part drove GDP growth. However, Catalonia’s productivity is slipping, relative to other OECD regions, necessitating the transition to a productivity-driven growth model through a stronger regional innovation system. The region has successfully strengthened its research base, with investments in R&D having increased four-fold over the past decade. Catalonia is now mobilising actors across the innovation system in regional centres, such as Barcelona, to improve productivity and address social challenges.  

With consistent cross-country information on these issues largely absent, the OECD has used lessons learned from case studies in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United States to identify the opportunities offered by ICTs and to analyse under what conditions these technologies are most likely to result in efficiency and quality-of-care improvements. The findings highlight a number of practices or approaches that could usefully be employed in efforts to improve and accelerate the adoption and use of these technologies.

Well-timed and targeted innovation boosts productivity, increases economic growth and helps solve societal problems. But how can governments encourage more people to innovate more of the time? And how can government itself be more innovative?

The OECD Innovation Strategy provides a set of principles for fostering innovation in people (workers and consumers), in firms and in government. It takes an in-depth look at the scope of innovation and how it is changing, as well as where and how it is occurring. The result is the formulation of far-reaching policies for innovation using recent research and data.

"a thoughtful new report on how governments can do better at spurring and measuring innovation." The Economist

Innover au moment opportun et de manière ciblée stimule la productivité, favorise la croissance économique et aide à résoudre les problèmes de société. Mais comment les gouvernements peuvent-ils encourager davantage de personnes à innover et accroître le temps consacré à l’innovation ? Et comment rendre les administrations elles-mêmes plus innovantes ?

La Stratégie de l’OCDE pour l’innovation propose un ensemble de principes visant à encourager l’innovation par les individus (aussi bien dans le cadre de leur travail qu’en tant que consommateurs), dans les entreprises et au sein des administrations. Elle examine en profondeur l’évolution de l’innovation, son ampleur, sa géographie et ses modalités. À partir de recherches et de données récentes, elle propose un large cadre d’action en faveur de l’innovation.

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Mesurer l’innovation : Un nouveau regard

Measuring Innovation: A New Perspective presents new measures and new ways of looking at traditional indicators. It builds on 50 years of indicator development by OECD and goes beyond R&D to describe the broader context in which innovation occurs. It includes some experimental indicators that provide insight into new areas of policy interest. It highlights measurement gaps and proposes directions for advancing the measurement agenda.

This publication begins by describing innovation today. It looks at what is driving innovation in firms, and how the scientific and research landscape is being reconfigured by convergence, interdisciplinarity and the new geography of innovation hot spots. It presents broader measures of innovation, for example using new indicators of investment in intangible assets and trademarks. 

Human capital is the basic input of innovation, and a series of indicators looks at how well education systems are contributing to the knowledge and research bases. Further series examine how firms transform skills and knowledge, and shed light on the different roles of public and private investment in fostering innovation and reaping its rewards, with concrete examples from major global challenges such as health and climate change.

Measuring Innovation is a major step towards evidence-based innovation policy making. It complements traditional “positioning”-type indicators with ones that show how innovation is, or could be, linked to policy.  It also recognises that much more remains to be done, and points to the  measurement challenges statisticians, researchers and policy makers alike need to address.

Mesurer l’innovation: Un nouveau regard propose de nouveaux outils de mesure ainsi qu’une nouvelle perspective sur les indicateurs classiques.  Cette publication se fonde sur les cinquante années d’expérience de l’OCDE dans l’élaboration d’indicateurs, pour aller au-delà de la R-D et décrire le contexte plus large dans lequel s’inscrit l’innovation. Elle présente des indicateurs expérimentaux qui renseignent sur de nouveaux domaines d’action des pouvoirs publics.  Elle met aussi en évidence les lacunes du dispositif de mesure et propose des solutions pour y remédier.

Cette publication commence par décrirel’innovation aujourd’hui. Elle examine les facteurs qui incitent les entreprises à innover et montrent comment la convergence, l’interdisciplinarité et la nouvelle géographie des pôles d’innovation transforment le paysage de la science et de la recherche. Cette publication élargit la panoplie d’outils de mesure de l’innovation, en utilisant par exemple de nouveaux indicateurs sur les investissements dans les actifs immatériels et sur les marques déposées.