Finland
Tässä profiilissa esitetään tiivis ja politiikkaan keskittyvä yleiskatsaus Suomen terveydentilaan ja terveydenhuoltojärjestelmään osana laajempaa State of Health in the EU -aloitteen maakohtaisten terveysprofiilien sarjaa. Siinä esitetään tiivis analyysi, joka kattaa seuraavat keskeiset näkökohdat: Suomen nykyinen terveydentila, terveyden taustatekijät, erityisesti käyttäytymiseen liittyvät riskitekijät, Suomen terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän organisaatio sekä arviointi terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän tehokkuudesta, saatavuudesta ja joustavuudesta. Lisäksi vuoden 2023 painoksessa esitetään temaattinen osio mielenterveyden ja siihen liittyvien palvelujen tilasta Suomessa.
Tämä profiili on OECD:n ja Euroopan terveydenhuoltojärjestelmien ja -politiikkojen seurantakeskuksen yhteistyössä Euroopan komission kanssa toteuttama yhteistyöhanke.
GDP is projected to stall in 2023 and grow by a moderate 0.9% in 2024, before picking up to 1.8% in 2025. As energy prices ease, private consumption is set to recover moderately in 2024 despite the drag from higher interest rates, which together with declining house prices will weigh on residential investment. Unemployment is expected to slowly increase until mid-2024 before starting to decline, as the economy grows and employment growth gains momentum. Lower energy prices and weak demand should help bring headline inflation down from 7.2% in 2022 to 4.5% in 2023 and 2.2% in 2024.
La croissance du PIB devrait marquer le pas en 2023 et progresser au rythme modeste de 0.9 %, en 2024, avant de se redresser et d’atteindre 1.8 % en 2025. À la faveur du tassement des prix de l’énergie, la consommation privée devrait se redresser modérément en 2024, malgré l’effet négatif de la hausse des taux d’intérêt qui, conjuguée au recul des prix des logements, pèsera sur l’investissement résidentiel. Le chômage devrait augmenter lentement jusqu’au milieu de 2024, puis commencera à refluer, à mesure que l’économie et la croissance de l’emploi gagnent en dynamisme. Le repli des prix de l’énergie et l’affaiblissement de la demande devraient contribuer à faire passer l’inflation globale de 7.2 % en 2022 à 4.5 % en 2023, puis à 2.2 % en 2024.
This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Finland, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Finland; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Finnish healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Finland.
This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
Smaller, more targeted, and more flexible than traditional education and training programmes, micro-credentials have become a prominent feature of education, training and labour market policy discussions in recent years. Several OECD countries have already started the development of national micro-credential ecosystems, and many others are looking to follow suit.
This OECD Education Policy Perspective serves as Part B in a two-part series of summary papers. The first publication, Paper A, examined the evolving landscape of micro-credentials, with a particular focus on the development of public policies that can foster effective utilisation of micro-credentials for lifelong learning, upskilling and reskilling. This publication, Paper B, presents case studies from four European Union Member States – Finland, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Spain. The document was authored by Roza Gyorfi and Shizuka Kato from the OECD Higher Education Policy Team and Thomas Weko from George Washington University.
Finland has no known resources of coal, crude oil or natural gas. As a result, around 39% of Finland’s energy needs are met through imports, which, prior to 2022, are mostly from neighbouring Russia. Energy intensity and energy consumption per capita are both very high due to the country’s relatively large heavy industry and its cold climate. The country does boast 9.3 million hectares of peat lands. Peat fuels almost 3% of the country’s electric power production (1.9 TWh in 2021), and 10% of district heating.
This note provides an overview of Finland’s digital education ecosystem, including the digital tools for system and institutional management and digital resources for teaching and learning that are publicly provided to schools and educational stakeholders. The note outlines how public responsibilities for the governance of digital education are divided and examines how Finland supports the equitable and effective access to and use of digital technology and data in education. This includes through practices and policies on procurement, interoperability, data privacy and regulation, and digital competencies. Finally, the note discusses how Finland engages in any initiatives, including with the EdTech sector, to drive innovation and research and development towards an effective digital ecosystem.
Finland can legally issue the following four types of rulings within the scope of the transparency framework: (i) preferential regimes; Shipping regime. (ii) cross-border unilateral APAs and any other cross-border unilateral tax rulings (such as an advance tax ruling) covering transfer pricing or the application of transfer pricing principles; (iii) permanent establishment rulings; and (iv) related party conduit rulings.
This country profile benchmarks recent trends in entrepreneurship and self-employment for women, youth, seniors, immigrants and people with disabilities in Finland relative to the average for the European Union. It also describes recent policy developments and current inclusive entrepreneurship policy issues.
In 2021, Finland received 29 000 new immigrants on a long-term or permanent basis (including changes of status and free mobility), 23% more than in 2020. This figure comprises 28% immigrants benefitting from free mobility, 27.2% labour migrants, 33.4% family members (including accompanying family) and 10.3% humanitarian migrants. Around 5 800 permits were issued to tertiary-level international students and 3 100 to temporary and seasonal labour migrants (excluding intra-EU migration). In addition, 14 000 intra-EU postings were recorded in 2021, a ‑42% decrease compared to 2020. These posted workers are generally on short-term contracts.