Country statistical profile: European Union 2023

Country statistical profiles: Key tables from OECD - ISSN 2075-2288 - © OECD 2023

‌	Country statistical profile: European Union 2023
‌
‌	‌‌	‌Unit‌	‌2015‌	‌2016‌	‌2017‌	‌2018‌	‌2019‌	‌2020‌	‌2021‌	‌2022‌
‌	Production and income
‌	GDP per capita	USD current PPPs	38 255	40 582	42 692	44 674	47 449	45 874	48 958	54 144
‌	Gross national income (GNI) per capita	USD current PPPs	38 118	40 591	42 718	44 737	47 550	45 772	49 096	53 828
‌	Household disposable income per capita	Annual growth %	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Economic growth
‌	Real GDP growth	Annual growth %	2.3	2.0	2.8	2.1	1.8	-5.6	5.4	3.5
‌	Net saving rate in household disposable income	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Gross fixed capital formation	Annual growth %	5.1	3.3	4.0	3.6	6.5	-5.4	3.9	4.0
‌	Economic structure: share of real value added
‌	Agriculture, forestry, fishing	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Industry including energy	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Construction	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Trade, repairs, transport, accomm., food services	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Information, communication	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Finance and insurance	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Real estate	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Professional, scientific, support services	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Public admin., defence, education, health, social work	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Other services (ISIC Rev.4 R - U)	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Government deficits and debt
‌	Government deficit	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	General government debt	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	General government revenues	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	General government expenditures	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Expenditure
‌	Government/compulsory expenditure on health	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Voluntary expenditure on health	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Public social expenditure	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Private social expenditure	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Public pension expenditure	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Private pension expenditure	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Official Development Assistance - grant equivalent	% of GNI	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Official Development Assistance - flows basis	% of GNI	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Taxes
‌	Total tax revenue	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Tax on personal income	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Tax on corporate profits	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Taxes on goods and services	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Taxes on the average worker	% of labour cost	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Trade
‌	Imports of goods and services	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Exports of goods and services	% of GDP	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Goods trade balance: exports minus imports of goods	Bln USD	327.0	348.7	320.4	250.3	282.1	320.4	145.8	-305.6
‌	Imports of goods	Bln USD	4 598.3	4 607.3	5 155.8	5 748.0	5 544.2	5 119.1	6 476.5	7 445.3
‌	Exports of goods	Bln USD	4 925.3	4 956.0	5 476.2	5 998.3	5 826.2	5 439.5	6 622.3	7 139.7
‌	Service trade balance: exports minus imports of services	Bln USD	84.0	81.8	138.4	190.0	92.7	17.8	168.1	190.5
‌	Imports of services	Bln USD	829.9	844.6	888.5	959.7	1 085.4	1 009.0	1 081.4	1 190.3
‌	Exports of services	Bln USD	913.9	926.4	1 026.8	1 149.7	1 178.0	1 026.8	1 249.5	1 380.8
‌	Current account balance of payments	% of GDP	2.9	3.3	3.0	2.8	2.5	2.1	2.9	-0.4
‌	Foreign direct investment (FDI)
‌	Outward FDI stocks	Mln USD	8 748 289	8 918 494	10 334 210	9 934 664	10 657 637	13 977 340	14 026 757	13 336 522
‌	Inward FDI stocks	Mln USD	7 341 467	7 330 976	8 689 696	8 470 755	9 049 077	12 414 075	12 201 520	11 721 529
‌	Inflows of foreign direct investment	Mln USD	575 008	362 380	283 408	312 293	595 360	106 682	167 908	-147 714
‌	Outflows of foreign direct investment	Mln USD	749 181	491 656	330 061	328 257	587 781	35 244	436 148	94 350
‌	Prices and interest rates
‌	Inflation rate: all items	Annual growth %	0.1	0.2	1.6	1.8	1.4	0.7	2.9	9.2
‌	Inflation rate: all items non food non energy	Annual growth %	1.0	0.8	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.8	4.7
‌	Inflation rate: food	Annual growth %	0.3	0.5	2.1	1.9	2.1	2.5	1.6	11.9
‌	Inflation rate: energy	Annual growth %	-6.4	-4.7	4.4	6.2	1.2	-6.1	12.6	35.2
‌	Producer Price Indices (PPI): manufacturing	Annual growth %	-2.4	-1.3	3.2	2.5	0.7	-1.6	7.8	17.6
‌	Long-term interest rates	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Purchasing power and exchange rates
‌	Purchasing power parities	EUR per USD	0.72	0.69	0.69	0.68	0.66	0.66	0.66	0.65
‌	Exchange rates	EUR per USD	0.90	0.90	0.89	0.85	0.89	0.88	0.85	0.95
‌	Indices of price levels	OECD=100	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Energy supply and prices
‌	Total primary energy supply (TPES)	Mtoe	1 408.5	1 419.2	1 443.3	1 431.6	1 406.9	1 310.7	..	..
‌	TPES per unit of GDP at 2000 prices and PPPs	Toe per '000 USD	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	..	..
‌	Renewable energy	Ktoe	197 810.2	200 315.9	204 220.6	213 163.6	219 561.2	226 535.4	234 612.9	..
‌	Crude oil import prices	USD per barrel	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Information and Communications Technology (ICT)
‌	Households with access to computers	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Households with access to internet	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Environment
‌	Water abstactions	Mln m3	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	National fish landings in domestic ports	'000 tonnes	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	National fish landings in foreign ports	'000 tonnes	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Aquaculture	'000 tonnes	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Municipal waste total	'000 tonnes	213 409	219 562	222 497	223 105	225 336 e	233 206 e	236 801 e	..
‌	Municipal waste total per capita	Kg	481	493	499	500	504	521	530	..
‌	CO2emissions from fuel combustion	Mln tonnes	2 827	2 837	2 860	2 794	2 656	2 394	2 560	..
‌	Education
‌	Tertiary attainment in population aged 25-64	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Expenditure per student: primary, 2010 prices	USD constant PPPs	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Expenditure per student: secondary, 2010 prices	USD constant PPPs	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Expenditure per student: tertiary, 2010 prices	USD constant PPPs	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Youths 15-19 not in education nor employment	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Youths 20-24 not in education nor employment	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Employment
‌	Employment rate in population aged 15-24	%	30.4	31.1	32.2	33.0	33.5	31.4	32.7	34.8
‌	Employment rate in population aged 25-54	%	76.9	77.7	78.6	79.5	80.2	79.0	80.4	81.8
‌	Employment rate in population aged 55-64	%	51.4	53.6	55.6	57.3	58.6	59.2	60.5	62.3
‌	Incidence of part-time employment	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Self-employment rate: total employment	%	16.3	15.9	15.6	15.3	15.2	15.2 \|	14.5	..
‌	Self-employment rate: male employment	%	19.7	19.2	18.8	18.5	18.4	18.4 \|	17.9	..
‌	Self-employment rate: female employment	%	12.3	12.0	11.7	11.5	11.3	11.4 \|	10.6	..
‌	Unemployment
‌	Unemployment rate: total labour force	%	10.2	9.3	8.3	7.4	6.8	7.2	7.1	6.2
‌	Unemployment rate: male labour force	%	10.1	9.0	8.0	7.1	6.6	7.0	6.8	5.9
‌	Unemployment rate: female labour force	%	10.3	9.5	8.6	7.7	7.2	7.5	7.4	6.5
‌	Long-term unemployment: total unemployed	%	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Labour compensation and hours worked
‌	Labour compensation per unit labour input, total economy	Annual growth %	1.3	1.0	2.6	2.5	2.8	5.1	0.7	4.0
‌	Average time worked per person in employment	Hours per year	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Research and Development (R&D)
‌	Gross domestic expenditure on R&D	Mln USD	340 526	345 480	362 536	377 757	392 468	383 628	397 535	..
‌	Researchers: full-time equivalent	Per '000 employed	7.9	8.0	8.4	8.6	8.9	9.1	9.5	..
‌	Population
‌	Total population	'000 persons	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Total fertitity rates	Children	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Youth population aged less than 15	% of population	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Elderly population aged 65 and over	% of population	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	International migration
‌	Foreign-born population	% of population	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Foreign population	% of population	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Unemployment rate in population of native-born men	% of labour force	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Unemployment rate in population of foreign-born men	% of labour force	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Unemployment rate in population of native-born women	% of labour force	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Unemployment rate in population of foreign-born women	% of labour force	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Health
‌	Life expectancy at birth	Years	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Life expectancy at birth: men	Years	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Life expectancy at birth: women	Years	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Infant mortality	Per '000	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Overweight or obese, % of population aged 15 and over	Measured	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Suicide Rates	Per 100 000 persons	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Transport
‌	Goods transport	Mln tonne-km	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Passenger transport	Mln passenger-km	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
‌	Road Fatalities	Per mln inhabitants	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Last updated: 10 July 2023; disclaimer: http://oe.cd/disclaimer
..	Not available
\|	Break in series
e	Estimated value
Source: OECD Data (data.oecd.org).