copy the linklink copied!Annex B1. Results for countries and economies
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Table III.B1.2.1. Students’ exposure to bullying
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Based on students’ reports
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Index of exposure to bullying1 |
Percentage of frequently bullied students2 |
Any type of bullying act |
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Average |
Variability |
Never or almost never |
A few times a year |
A few times a month |
Once a week or more |
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Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
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|
OECD |
Australia |
0.33 |
(0.01) |
1.12 |
(0.01) |
13.0 |
(0.4) |
36.8 |
(0.5) |
33.7 |
(0.5) |
16.3 |
(0.4) |
13.2 |
(0.4) |
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Austria |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.02) |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
46.9 |
(0.9) |
29.9 |
(0.7) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
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|
Belgium |
- 0.11 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.2) |
45.7 |
(0.6) |
35.7 |
(0.6) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
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Canada |
0.14 |
(0.01) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
43.4 |
(0.6) |
31.4 |
(0.5) |
15.2 |
(0.4) |
10.0 |
(0.3) |
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|
Chile |
0.00 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.00 |
(0.02) |
† |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
46.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
30.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
||||
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Colombia |
0.18 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
† |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
41.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
26.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
20.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
||||
|
Czech Republic |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.02) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
42.1 |
(0.9) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
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|
Denmark |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
38.7 |
(1.0) |
39.9 |
(0.8) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
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Estonia |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
44.8 |
(0.9) |
29.8 |
(0.8) |
15.8 |
(0.7) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
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Finland |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
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France |
- 0.08 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
51.3 |
(0.8) |
28.9 |
(0.7) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
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|
Germany |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
0.93 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
6.2 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
42.7 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
34.6 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
14.4 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
8.2 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
||||
|
Greece |
0.01 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.02) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
47.9 |
(0.8) |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
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Hungary |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.02) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
52.6 |
(1.0) |
24.9 |
(0.8) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
9.8 |
(0.6) |
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Iceland |
- 0.19 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.92 |
(0.02) |
† |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
62.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
20.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
||||
|
Ireland |
0.13 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
41.1 |
(0.8) |
36.2 |
(0.8) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
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|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
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|
Italy |
- 0.07 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.02) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
53.4 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
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Japan |
- 0.28 |
(0.01) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
65.3 |
(0.9) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
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Korea |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
80.1 |
(0.7) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
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|
Latvia |
0.37 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
28.8 |
(0.6) |
35.7 |
(0.7) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
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|
Lithuania |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
52.3 |
(0.7) |
25.0 |
(0.6) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
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|
Luxembourg |
- 0.04 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
47.6 |
(0.7) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
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|
Mexico |
0.00 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
1.01 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
49.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
||||
|
Netherlands* |
- 0.30 |
(0.01) |
0.74 |
(0.02) |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
53.8 |
(1.0) |
34.1 |
(1.0) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
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|
New Zealand |
0.40 |
(0.02) |
1.12 |
(0.01) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.7) |
35.5 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
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|
Norway |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
51.0 |
(0.8) |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
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|
Poland |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
42.6 |
(0.9) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
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Portugal* |
- 0.25 |
(0.01) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
61.4 |
(0.9) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
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Slovak Republic |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.02) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
44.3 |
(0.8) |
27.5 |
(0.7) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
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|
Slovenia |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
52.4 |
(0.8) |
26.7 |
(0.7) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
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|
Spain |
- 0.21 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
† |
5.3 |
(0.2) |
† |
56.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
26.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
10.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
7.2 |
(0.2) |
† |
||||
|
Sweden |
- 0.12 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.02) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
49.7 |
(0.9) |
31.0 |
(0.8) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
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|
Switzerland |
0.00 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.97 |
(0.02) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
43.6 |
(1.1) |
† |
34.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
14.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
||||
|
Turkey |
- 0.05 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
55.1 |
(0.9) |
20.8 |
(0.5) |
14.2 |
(0.4) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
0.24 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
35.1 |
(0.6) |
15.4 |
(0.4) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
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|
United States* |
0.15 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
43.1 |
(0.9) |
30.9 |
(0.7) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
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|
OECD average |
0.00 |
(0.00) |
0.98 |
(0.00) |
7.8 |
(0.1) |
48.2 |
(0.1) |
29.1 |
(0.1) |
13.4 |
(0.1) |
9.3 |
(0.1) |
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|
Partners |
Albania |
- 0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.02) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
50.5 |
(0.9) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
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|
Argentina |
0.17 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
† |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.24 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.30 |
(0.02) |
† |
18.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
49.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
15.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
20.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
15.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
||||
|
Belarus |
- 0.16 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
57.6 |
(0.8) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
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|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
- 0.07 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.02) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
55.3 |
(0.9) |
19.4 |
(0.5) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
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|
Brazil |
0.15 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
† |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
43.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
27.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
0.82 |
(0.01) |
† |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
† |
26.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
19.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
30.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
26.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
- 0.20 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
51.7 |
(0.9) |
30.6 |
(0.6) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
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|
Bulgaria |
0.19 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.20 |
(0.02) |
† |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
43.6 |
(1.0) |
22.5 |
(0.7) |
17.6 |
(0.8) |
16.3 |
(0.7) |
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|
Costa Rica |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
48.0 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
Croatia |
- 0.20 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.02) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
58.4 |
(0.8) |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
0.26 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.20 |
(0.02) |
† |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.52 |
(0.05) |
‡ |
1.29 |
(0.03) |
‡ |
22.0 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
34.0 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
22.1 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
23.9 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
19.9 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
||||
|
Georgia |
- 0.21 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.02) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
58.1 |
(1.0) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
45.5 |
(0.8) |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
1.16 |
(0.01) |
15.2 |
(0.7) |
34.1 |
(0.9) |
24.8 |
(0.8) |
22.8 |
(0.8) |
18.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Jordan |
0.28 |
(0.02) |
1.16 |
(0.02) |
12.9 |
(0.7) |
38.5 |
(0.8) |
23.6 |
(0.7) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
19.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
0.12 |
(0.02) |
1.15 |
(0.01) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
51.0 |
(0.6) |
16.9 |
(0.4) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
12.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.12 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
40.7 |
(0.8) |
27.4 |
(0.7) |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
0.14 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
30.9 |
(0.6) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.36 |
(0.02) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
30.3 |
(0.6) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Malta |
0.33 |
(0.02) |
1.13 |
(0.02) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
31.0 |
(0.8) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Moldova |
0.01 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
40.3 |
(1.0) |
35.8 |
(0.7) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
- 0.07 |
(0.01) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
54.9 |
(0.7) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
Morocco |
0.39 |
(0.03) |
‡ |
1.09 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
14.1 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
28.5 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
27.7 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
25.2 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
18.6 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||
|
Panama |
0.16 |
(0.03) |
‡ |
1.12 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
13.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
42.9 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
24.0 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
18.7 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
14.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
||||
|
Peru |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
0.96 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
6.0 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
48.1 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
29.4 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
13.7 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
8.8 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
||||
|
Philippines |
1.27 |
(0.02) |
1.16 |
(0.01) |
40.1 |
(0.8) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Qatar |
0.29 |
(0.01) |
1.12 |
(0.01) |
13.0 |
(0.3) |
36.3 |
(0.4) |
30.4 |
(0.4) |
19.1 |
(0.3) |
14.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||
|
Romania |
0.30 |
(0.03) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
33.2 |
(0.9) |
33.0 |
(0.8) |
19.1 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Russia |
0.33 |
(0.02) |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
26.2 |
(0.6) |
20.5 |
(0.5) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
46.0 |
(0.8) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
Serbia |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.07 |
(0.02) |
† |
9.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
56.9 |
(0.9) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
||||||||
|
Singapore |
0.26 |
(0.01) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
36.0 |
(0.7) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.4) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
- 0.36 |
(0.01) |
0.80 |
(0.01) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
68.1 |
(0.8) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||
|
Thailand |
0.16 |
(0.02) |
1.14 |
(0.01) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
49.8 |
(0.9) |
23.1 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
48.3 |
(0.8) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.24 |
(0.01) |
1.14 |
(0.01) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
40.7 |
(0.7) |
28.2 |
(0.4) |
17.0 |
(0.4) |
14.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.02 |
(0.02) |
† |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
45.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
28.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
15.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
||||
|
Viet Nam |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
37.9 |
(1.0) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
16.9 |
(0.7) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Other students left me out of things on purpose |
Other students made fun of me |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never or almost never |
A few times a year |
A few times a month |
Once a week or more |
Never or almost never |
A few times a year |
A few times a month |
Once a week or more |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
58.3 |
(0.5) |
28.2 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.3) |
4.7 |
(0.2) |
50.1 |
(0.5) |
28.9 |
(0.6) |
12.0 |
(0.4) |
9.0 |
(0.3) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
80.1 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
58.2 |
(0.9) |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
81.4 |
(0.5) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
62.4 |
(0.6) |
26.5 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
64.6 |
(0.6) |
24.4 |
(0.4) |
7.5 |
(0.3) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
57.7 |
(0.5) |
25.7 |
(0.5) |
10.1 |
(0.3) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
69.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
20.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
† |
64.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Colombia |
63.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
57.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
24.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Czech Republic |
69.6 |
(0.8) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
64.8 |
(0.9) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
72.5 |
(0.7) |
21.3 |
(0.7) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
55.4 |
(0.9) |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
72.3 |
(0.7) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
55.4 |
(0.9) |
27.1 |
(0.8) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
74.1 |
(0.7) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
61.8 |
(0.8) |
26.4 |
(0.6) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
France |
78.5 |
(0.7) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
64.1 |
(0.8) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
77.7 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
15.7 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
‡ |
56.7 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
30.0 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
8.2 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
5.1 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|
|
Greece |
80.5 |
(0.7) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
57.8 |
(0.8) |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
71.7 |
(0.8) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
72.2 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
7.3 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
84.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
3.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
2.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
70.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
17.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
7.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Ireland |
65.3 |
(0.7) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
55.4 |
(0.7) |
28.7 |
(0.6) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
72.1 |
(0.6) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
70.1 |
(0.8) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
89.0 |
(0.4) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
73.2 |
(0.8) |
13.0 |
(0.4) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
96.5 |
(0.3) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
0.5 |
(0.1) |
85.2 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
53.8 |
(0.7) |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
49.3 |
(0.8) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
72.4 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
63.4 |
(0.7) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
76.7 |
(0.6) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
61.4 |
(0.7) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
71.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
62.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
23.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
9.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
88.5 |
(0.6) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
69.7 |
(0.8) |
23.8 |
(0.8) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
56.4 |
(0.8) |
29.7 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
46.4 |
(0.8) |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
81.8 |
(0.5) |
13.0 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
65.5 |
(0.8) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
69.2 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
59.3 |
(0.9) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
82.7 |
(0.6) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
73.4 |
(0.7) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
65.7 |
(0.8) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
62.8 |
(0.7) |
24.1 |
(0.6) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
76.6 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
67.6 |
(0.9) |
21.4 |
(0.8) |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
83.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
11.0 |
(0.3) |
† |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
† |
2.2 |
(0.1) |
† |
70.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
20.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
† |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
† |
|
|
Sweden |
79.4 |
(0.6) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
67.2 |
(0.8) |
21.0 |
(0.7) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
77.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
15.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
† |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
56.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
30.7 |
(1.0) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
3.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Turkey |
72.9 |
(0.6) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
69.7 |
(0.9) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
64.4 |
(0.8) |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
61.8 |
(0.8) |
25.6 |
(0.7) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
57.9 |
(1.0) |
24.9 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
73.8 |
(0.1) |
17.5 |
(0.1) |
5.7 |
(0.1) |
3.0 |
(0.0) |
62.4 |
(0.1) |
23.9 |
(0.1) |
8.7 |
(0.1) |
5.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
62.5 |
(0.8) |
20.5 |
(0.7) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
80.4 |
(0.8) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
65.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
57.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
25.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
61.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
18.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
61.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
18.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
76.8 |
(0.6) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
70.7 |
(0.7) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
76.3 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
71.0 |
(0.7) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
63.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
22.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
59.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
30.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
18.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
79.9 |
(0.6) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
70.1 |
(0.8) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
69.4 |
(1.0) |
† |
16.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
58.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
24.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Costa Rica |
73.2 |
(0.6) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
65.9 |
(0.7) |
21.0 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
82.7 |
(0.6) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
72.5 |
(0.7) |
18.4 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
65.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
54.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
54.3 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
21.7 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
16.0 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
8.0 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
49.9 |
(1.8) |
‡ |
24.4 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
17.4 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
8.4 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|
|
Georgia |
80.1 |
(0.8) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
73.8 |
(1.0) |
14.9 |
(0.7) |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
78.0 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.7) |
4.9 |
(0.2) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
54.0 |
(0.8) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
54.4 |
(0.9) |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
12.9 |
(0.7) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
54.0 |
(1.0) |
23.6 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
61.3 |
(0.7) |
22.5 |
(0.5) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
60.5 |
(0.9) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
60.8 |
(0.5) |
17.5 |
(0.4) |
15.3 |
(0.4) |
6.4 |
(0.2) |
71.3 |
(0.6) |
14.4 |
(0.4) |
10.4 |
(0.3) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
56.3 |
(0.8) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
72.0 |
(0.7) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
72.6 |
(0.7) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
52.7 |
(0.9) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
56.1 |
(0.8) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
47.2 |
(0.8) |
29.2 |
(0.6) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
59.3 |
(0.9) |
25.2 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
72.2 |
(0.9) |
21.2 |
(0.8) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
62.7 |
(0.8) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
76.2 |
(0.6) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
71.0 |
(0.6) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
56.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
4.9 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
51.7 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
29.9 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
14.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
4.2 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
66.7 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
18.7 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
10.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
4.4 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
58.7 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
21.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
13.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
6.2 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|
|
Peru |
72.8 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
17.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
7.0 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
‡ |
68.9 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
20.0 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
7.8 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
3.3 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
|
|
Philippines |
33.4 |
(0.7) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
21.8 |
(0.5) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
20.7 |
(0.7) |
29.6 |
(0.6) |
24.0 |
(0.6) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
60.8 |
(0.4) |
25.4 |
(0.4) |
9.2 |
(0.3) |
4.6 |
(0.2) |
51.9 |
(0.4) |
28.8 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.3) |
6.6 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
58.6 |
(1.1) |
28.0 |
(0.8) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
51.8 |
(1.0) |
30.7 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
51.1 |
(0.9) |
25.6 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.4) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
60.0 |
(0.8) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
77.6 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
62.4 |
(0.8) |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
8.5 |
(0.3) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
74.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
73.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Singapore |
60.5 |
(0.6) |
29.4 |
(0.6) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
47.8 |
(0.7) |
32.0 |
(0.6) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
8.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
87.4 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.3) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
77.2 |
(0.6) |
13.5 |
(0.4) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
67.1 |
(0.9) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
58.5 |
(0.8) |
22.5 |
(0.5) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
66.2 |
(0.7) |
24.4 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
70.9 |
(0.7) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
64.3 |
(0.5) |
22.9 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.2) |
4.4 |
(0.2) |
54.2 |
(0.5) |
27.0 |
(0.4) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
7.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
67.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
20.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
3.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
61.5 |
(1.1) |
† |
25.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Viet Nam |
69.7 |
(0.8) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
57.4 |
(0.9) |
28.8 |
(0.8) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I was threatened by other students |
Other students took away or destroyed things that belong to me |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never or almost never |
A few times a year |
A few times a month |
Once a week or more |
Never or almost never |
A few times a year |
A few times a month |
Once a week or more |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
73.7 |
(0.5) |
17.1 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
78.6 |
(0.5) |
14.2 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.2) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
86.2 |
(0.7) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.4) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
77.6 |
(0.9) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
88.0 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.3) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
86.6 |
(0.4) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
81.2 |
(0.5) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
84.3 |
(0.4) |
10.7 |
(0.3) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
1.6 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
84.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
9.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
1.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
78.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
2.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Colombia |
78.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
8.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
74.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Czech Republic |
84.8 |
(0.7) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
73.8 |
(0.9) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
88.9 |
(0.6) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
77.5 |
(0.8) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
84.4 |
(0.6) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
81.8 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
84.9 |
(0.6) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
87.5 |
(0.5) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
France |
85.8 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
85.2 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
87.6 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
‡ |
78.1 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
14.8 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
5.2 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
1.8 |
(0.3) |
‡ |
|
|
Greece |
84.7 |
(0.8) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
5.3 |
(0.5) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
79.1 |
(0.7) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
85.2 |
(0.8) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
82.8 |
(0.9) |
9.9 |
(0.6) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
2.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
86.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
9.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
3.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
90.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
2.0 |
(0.3) |
† |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
† |
|
|
Ireland |
81.4 |
(0.6) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
79.2 |
(0.6) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
81.9 |
(0.8) |
9.4 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
76.3 |
(0.8) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
94.7 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
91.1 |
(0.5) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
97.4 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
95.6 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
0.5 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
72.6 |
(0.8) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
70.3 |
(0.8) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
76.5 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
79.7 |
(0.6) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
84.9 |
(0.5) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
81.6 |
(0.5) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
84.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.6 |
(0.3) |
† |
82.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
93.1 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.5) |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
0.6 |
(0.1) |
84.4 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
1.9 |
(0.3) |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
71.7 |
(0.8) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
77.7 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
87.7 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
80.0 |
(0.7) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
80.7 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
77.8 |
(0.8) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
88.7 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.3) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
87.0 |
(0.6) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
77.3 |
(0.9) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.6) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
72.1 |
(1.0) |
17.0 |
(0.7) |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
83.9 |
(0.6) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
81.2 |
(0.6) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
86.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.3) |
† |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
† |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
† |
81.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
12.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
2.0 |
(0.1) |
† |
|
|
Sweden |
87.8 |
(0.5) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
82.0 |
(0.7) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
83.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.8 |
(0.3) |
† |
76.4 |
(1.0) |
† |
15.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
5.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Turkey |
80.0 |
(0.8) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
2.3 |
(0.1) |
80.9 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
79.6 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
85.3 |
(0.6) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
81.7 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
85.0 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
83.9 |
(0.1) |
10.0 |
(0.1) |
4.4 |
(0.1) |
1.8 |
(0.0) |
81.2 |
(0.1) |
12.2 |
(0.1) |
4.5 |
(0.1) |
2.1 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
85.9 |
(0.7) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
80.2 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
79.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
67.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
65.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
14.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
5.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
63.6 |
(1.1) |
† |
15.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
85.0 |
(0.6) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
83.8 |
(0.6) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
77.1 |
(0.9) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
78.2 |
(0.8) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
77.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
† |
73.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
59.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
69.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
† |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
89.9 |
(0.4) |
7.2 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
65.1 |
(0.8) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
67.4 |
(1.1) |
† |
16.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
64.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Costa Rica |
80.8 |
(0.6) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
87.2 |
(0.5) |
7.8 |
(0.3) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
84.0 |
(0.6) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
84.3 |
(0.6) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
69.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
70.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
59.3 |
(1.8) |
‡ |
18.1 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
15.9 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
6.7 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
56.4 |
(1.8) |
‡ |
18.7 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
16.9 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
7.9 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|
|
Georgia |
83.3 |
(0.8) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
2.2 |
(0.3) |
77.8 |
(0.9) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
7.9 |
(0.6) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
86.0 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
77.8 |
(0.6) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
69.7 |
(1.1) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
9.7 |
(0.6) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
56.8 |
(1.1) |
21.3 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
66.4 |
(1.0) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
14.1 |
(0.7) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
62.0 |
(1.0) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
75.3 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
74.3 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
77.0 |
(0.7) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
74.4 |
(0.8) |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
81.9 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.3) |
73.8 |
(0.7) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
75.5 |
(0.9) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
69.9 |
(0.9) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
71.8 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
3.4 |
(0.4) |
73.3 |
(0.7) |
15.3 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
79.1 |
(0.6) |
14.4 |
(0.6) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
76.5 |
(0.7) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
76.3 |
(0.6) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
78.3 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
60.2 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
20.8 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
15.2 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
3.7 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
58.3 |
(1.6) |
‡ |
21.5 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
14.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
5.7 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
76.2 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
10.8 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
9.2 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
3.8 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
73.8 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
12.9 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
9.1 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
4.2 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|
|
Peru |
86.5 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
7.7 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
4.2 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
1.6 |
(0.3) |
‡ |
76.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
5.8 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
3.0 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
|
|
Philippines |
38.3 |
(1.1) |
27.2 |
(0.6) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
42.1 |
(1.0) |
27.1 |
(0.7) |
21.0 |
(0.5) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
71.5 |
(0.4) |
16.2 |
(0.3) |
8.9 |
(0.3) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
68.6 |
(0.4) |
17.5 |
(0.3) |
9.5 |
(0.3) |
4.4 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
71.5 |
(1.1) |
17.0 |
(0.7) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
63.7 |
(1.1) |
22.6 |
(0.9) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
76.1 |
(0.8) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
73.8 |
(0.6) |
13.7 |
(0.4) |
8.3 |
(0.3) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
76.0 |
(0.8) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
71.6 |
(0.8) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
78.6 |
(1.1) |
† |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
8.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
79.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Singapore |
82.8 |
(0.4) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
80.3 |
(0.6) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
94.5 |
(0.3) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
1.1 |
(0.1) |
0.6 |
(0.1) |
83.1 |
(0.6) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
72.3 |
(0.8) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
70.0 |
(0.9) |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
80.5 |
(0.8) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
5.6 |
(0.5) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
81.4 |
(0.8) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
73.8 |
(0.5) |
14.2 |
(0.4) |
8.4 |
(0.3) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
71.9 |
(0.6) |
15.4 |
(0.4) |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
4.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
80.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
11.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
6.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
† |
77.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
13.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Viet Nam |
80.3 |
(0.8) |
14.0 |
(0.7) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
61.3 |
(1.1) |
24.4 |
(0.8) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I got hit or pushed around by other students |
Other students spread nasty rumours about me |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never or almost never |
A few times a year |
A few times a month |
Once a week or more |
Never or almost never |
A few times a year |
A few times a month |
Once a week or more |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
76.4 |
(0.5) |
14.5 |
(0.4) |
5.8 |
(0.2) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
67.9 |
(0.5) |
19.5 |
(0.4) |
8.1 |
(0.3) |
4.4 |
(0.2) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
84.1 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
71.8 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
3.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
86.5 |
(0.5) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
69.4 |
(0.7) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
80.8 |
(0.5) |
12.0 |
(0.4) |
4.5 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
73.5 |
(0.5) |
16.8 |
(0.4) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
83.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.8 |
(0.3) |
† |
68.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Colombia |
77.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
62.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Czech Republic |
75.7 |
(0.8) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
64.1 |
(0.9) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
6.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
81.3 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
71.0 |
(0.7) |
21.9 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
81.7 |
(0.7) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
2.1 |
(0.3) |
74.5 |
(0.7) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
84.1 |
(0.6) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
74.9 |
(0.7) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
France |
86.1 |
(0.6) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
74.1 |
(0.8) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
87.0 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
8.0 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
3.5 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
‡ |
70.4 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
19.3 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
7.8 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
‡ |
|
|
Greece |
81.8 |
(0.8) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
73.9 |
(0.9) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
84.9 |
(0.9) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
69.1 |
(0.9) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
89.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
2.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
† |
83.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
10.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
3.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
† |
|
|
Ireland |
81.8 |
(0.5) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
73.9 |
(0.7) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
83.6 |
(0.9) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
6.2 |
(0.5) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
73.0 |
(0.8) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
86.7 |
(0.6) |
7.4 |
(0.3) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
83.4 |
(0.7) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
98.0 |
(0.2) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
0.6 |
(0.1) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
91.4 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
66.8 |
(0.8) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.4) |
56.7 |
(0.8) |
27.2 |
(0.7) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
77.6 |
(0.6) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
71.1 |
(0.6) |
16.3 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
85.8 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
70.5 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
80.9 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
10.8 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
6.3 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
‡ |
70.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
16.3 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
3.8 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|
|
Netherlands* |
91.6 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
76.0 |
(0.9) |
17.7 |
(0.8) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
75.5 |
(0.7) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
65.7 |
(0.8) |
21.1 |
(0.7) |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
84.5 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
76.5 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
79.5 |
(0.7) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
59.0 |
(0.9) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
91.0 |
(0.5) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
79.4 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
77.4 |
(0.9) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
60.9 |
(0.9) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
78.5 |
(0.6) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
69.7 |
(0.7) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
85.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
8.7 |
(0.2) |
† |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
† |
1.9 |
(0.1) |
† |
75.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
15.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
5.8 |
(0.2) |
† |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
† |
|
|
Sweden |
80.6 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
75.5 |
(0.7) |
17.0 |
(0.7) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
81.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
10.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
5.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
† |
68.9 |
(1.1) |
† |
19.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
3.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Turkey |
82.0 |
(0.8) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
71.4 |
(0.8) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
81.6 |
(0.7) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
69.3 |
(0.6) |
20.4 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
84.9 |
(0.7) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
72.7 |
(0.8) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
82.7 |
(0.1) |
10.3 |
(0.1) |
4.7 |
(0.1) |
2.3 |
(0.0) |
71.7 |
(0.1) |
17.8 |
(0.1) |
6.9 |
(0.1) |
3.6 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
82.8 |
(0.8) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
78.1 |
(0.7) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
83.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
† |
67.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
65.8 |
(1.1) |
† |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
62.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
14.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
85.9 |
(0.6) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
73.1 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
83.3 |
(0.7) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
68.9 |
(0.8) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
80.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
† |
67.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
18.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
65.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
19.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
† |
58.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
89.3 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
82.2 |
(0.6) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
63.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
17.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
59.0 |
(1.2) |
† |
21.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Costa Rica |
86.8 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
63.6 |
(0.7) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
83.9 |
(0.6) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
73.0 |
(0.7) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
3.9 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
68.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
13.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
59.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
64.3 |
(1.9) |
‡ |
14.9 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
14.7 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
6.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
51.0 |
(1.7) |
‡ |
19.5 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
17.9 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
11.6 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
|
|
Georgia |
78.8 |
(0.9) |
9.9 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
72.7 |
(0.8) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
80.9 |
(0.6) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
73.3 |
(0.6) |
16.1 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
64.6 |
(1.0) |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
58.9 |
(0.9) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
12.6 |
(0.7) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
66.7 |
(1.0) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
12.6 |
(0.7) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
62.2 |
(1.0) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
76.0 |
(0.7) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
70.8 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.4) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
74.8 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
69.6 |
(0.7) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
84.8 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
68.6 |
(0.7) |
20.8 |
(0.6) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
76.8 |
(0.9) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
58.7 |
(0.7) |
24.8 |
(0.6) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
71.4 |
(0.8) |
16.0 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
64.9 |
(1.0) |
19.8 |
(0.8) |
10.1 |
(0.6) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
77.8 |
(0.7) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
61.3 |
(0.9) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
80.5 |
(0.6) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
67.0 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
60.8 |
(1.7) |
‡ |
20.1 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
14.2 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
4.8 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
50.6 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
24.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
15.3 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
77.0 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
10.6 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
8.5 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
3.8 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
63.8 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
18.1 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
10.7 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
7.3 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|
|
Peru |
82.4 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
5.4 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
2.1 |
(0.3) |
‡ |
67.8 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
20.2 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
7.8 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
|
|
Philippines |
39.8 |
(1.0) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
40.4 |
(0.9) |
27.1 |
(0.7) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
70.7 |
(0.4) |
15.6 |
(0.3) |
9.6 |
(0.2) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
61.3 |
(0.5) |
21.5 |
(0.4) |
11.1 |
(0.3) |
6.1 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
71.5 |
(1.1) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
8.7 |
(0.6) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
60.7 |
(1.1) |
23.4 |
(0.8) |
9.7 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
78.9 |
(0.7) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
68.5 |
(0.8) |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
79.2 |
(0.8) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
67.8 |
(0.8) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
80.7 |
(1.0) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
† |
68.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Singapore |
80.8 |
(0.5) |
13.1 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
69.9 |
(0.6) |
21.6 |
(0.5) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
96.5 |
(0.2) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
0.6 |
(0.1) |
85.9 |
(0.5) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
76.3 |
(1.0) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
69.0 |
(0.9) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
82.5 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.5) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
70.8 |
(0.8) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
73.9 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
8.6 |
(0.3) |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
65.0 |
(0.8) |
19.0 |
(0.5) |
10.0 |
(0.3) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
80.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
11.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
6.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
† |
68.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Viet Nam |
81.5 |
(0.9) |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
76.2 |
(0.7) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
← 1. The index of exposure to bullying includes the following statements: “Other students left me out of things on purpose”; “Other students made fun of me”; and “I was threatened by other students”. Higher values in the index indicate more exposure to bullying. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
← 2. A student is frequently bullied if he or she is in the top 10 % of the index of exposure to bullying across all countries/economies. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.2.15. Students' attitudes towards bullying
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
It irritates me when nobody defends bullied students |
It is a good thing to help students who can’t defend themselves |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
4.7 |
(0.2) |
8.8 |
(0.3) |
48.9 |
(0.6) |
37.6 |
(0.5) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
4.7 |
(0.2) |
53.0 |
(0.6) |
39.6 |
(0.6) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
40.3 |
(1.0) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
36.0 |
(0.9) |
47.9 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
47.9 |
(0.7) |
31.8 |
(0.7) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
58.9 |
(0.7) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
8.7 |
(0.3) |
49.8 |
(0.5) |
35.3 |
(0.6) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
5.0 |
(0.2) |
53.7 |
(0.5) |
38.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
37.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
46.1 |
(1.0) |
† |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
45.1 |
(1.0) |
† |
|
|
Colombia |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
48.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
57.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
26.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Czech Republic |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
52.0 |
(0.8) |
31.5 |
(0.8) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
58.0 |
(0.8) |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
48.9 |
(0.7) |
39.1 |
(0.7) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
55.7 |
(0.7) |
36.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
55.3 |
(0.8) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
59.9 |
(0.8) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
55.2 |
(0.8) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
57.2 |
(0.8) |
34.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
France |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
45.9 |
(0.7) |
37.9 |
(0.8) |
4.1 |
(0.4) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
53.0 |
(0.7) |
36.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
11.5 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
38.8 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
38.3 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
5.1 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
8.7 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
39.6 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
46.6 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
|
|
Greece |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
42.3 |
(0.7) |
41.4 |
(0.8) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
45.9 |
(0.8) |
39.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
52.4 |
(0.9) |
23.3 |
(0.8) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
59.6 |
(0.9) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
15.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
37.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
40.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
42.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
45.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
|
|
Ireland |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
49.1 |
(0.8) |
40.9 |
(0.9) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
53.0 |
(0.7) |
40.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
41.6 |
(0.7) |
40.8 |
(0.9) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
44.1 |
(0.8) |
41.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
45.1 |
(0.9) |
39.0 |
(0.9) |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
8.9 |
(0.6) |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
20.4 |
(0.7) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
58.5 |
(0.6) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
7.9 |
(0.3) |
59.7 |
(0.7) |
26.0 |
(0.6) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
61.8 |
(0.7) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
50.4 |
(0.9) |
23.6 |
(0.8) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
59.1 |
(0.8) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
41.1 |
(0.7) |
31.4 |
(0.6) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
40.0 |
(0.8) |
39.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
38.7 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
7.8 |
(0.3) |
42.3 |
(0.7) |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
9.7 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
32.5 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
6.5 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
51.3 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
34.6 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
|
|
Netherlands* |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
21.1 |
(0.7) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
66.2 |
(0.9) |
25.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
50.3 |
(0.7) |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
54.0 |
(0.7) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
40.0 |
(0.7) |
48.9 |
(0.7) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
42.9 |
(0.6) |
50.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
49.7 |
(0.6) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
9.7 |
(0.6) |
56.9 |
(0.7) |
26.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
50.2 |
(0.7) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
52.2 |
(0.8) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
50.5 |
(0.8) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
55.3 |
(0.8) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
54.7 |
(0.9) |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
58.8 |
(0.8) |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
5.9 |
(0.2) |
† |
39.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
47.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
† |
5.1 |
(0.2) |
† |
44.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
47.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Sweden |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
36.3 |
(0.7) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
53.1 |
(0.8) |
37.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
15.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
39.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
32.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
10.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
44.3 |
(1.1) |
† |
38.1 |
(1.0) |
† |
|
|
Turkey |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
34.7 |
(0.6) |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
42.5 |
(0.6) |
41.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
49.6 |
(0.7) |
38.7 |
(0.8) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
55.0 |
(0.8) |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
46.8 |
(0.8) |
41.5 |
(0.8) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
46.8 |
(0.7) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
9.4 |
(0.1) |
9.8 |
(0.1) |
46.5 |
(0.1) |
34.3 |
(0.1) |
4.8 |
(0.1) |
7.2 |
(0.1) |
51.5 |
(0.1) |
36.5 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
45.5 |
(0.8) |
40.8 |
(0.8) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
44.7 |
(0.7) |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
39.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
41.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
46.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
40.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
43.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
28.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
47.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
30.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
52.8 |
(0.8) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
63.1 |
(0.9) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
42.1 |
(0.7) |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
47.2 |
(0.8) |
38.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
51.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
33.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
42.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
† |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
46.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
42.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
61.5 |
(0.8) |
26.8 |
(0.8) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
59.4 |
(0.8) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
18.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
45.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
23.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
10.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
16.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
49.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
23.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Costa Rica |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
34.3 |
(0.7) |
49.4 |
(0.9) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
49.2 |
(0.8) |
33.6 |
(0.8) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
52.0 |
(0.7) |
36.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
39.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
42.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
36.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
16.9 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
10.9 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
41.2 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
30.9 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
10.2 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
13.0 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
43.8 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
33.1 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
|
|
Georgia |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
40.1 |
(0.9) |
40.4 |
(0.9) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
8.2 |
(0.6) |
42.4 |
(0.8) |
43.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
59.4 |
(0.7) |
15.8 |
(0.7) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
64.4 |
(0.7) |
16.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
22.6 |
(0.9) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
57.1 |
(0.9) |
22.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
24.9 |
(0.9) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
38.3 |
(0.8) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
32.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
19.0 |
(0.4) |
16.3 |
(0.4) |
48.3 |
(0.5) |
16.4 |
(0.4) |
11.9 |
(0.3) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
55.0 |
(0.5) |
18.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
46.7 |
(0.9) |
30.5 |
(0.8) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
49.3 |
(0.8) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
19.3 |
(0.6) |
57.4 |
(0.7) |
17.2 |
(0.5) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
64.9 |
(0.7) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
31.5 |
(0.9) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
8.2 |
(0.6) |
49.8 |
(0.8) |
37.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
42.2 |
(1.1) |
44.7 |
(1.0) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
6.3 |
(0.5) |
44.0 |
(0.9) |
46.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
53.5 |
(0.8) |
20.1 |
(0.7) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
5.9 |
(0.5) |
61.7 |
(0.8) |
29.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
40.6 |
(0.6) |
38.7 |
(0.6) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
44.3 |
(0.6) |
40.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
19.8 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
13.3 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
41.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
25.0 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
10.1 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
17.3 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
45.7 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
26.9 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
16.2 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
10.8 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
36.1 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
37.0 |
(1.6) |
‡ |
6.9 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
9.8 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
46.1 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
37.3 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
|
|
Peru |
13.3 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
9.3 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
42.1 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
35.2 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
6.0 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
6.3 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
48.5 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
39.2 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
|
|
Philippines |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
55.3 |
(0.8) |
22.0 |
(0.7) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
58.3 |
(0.7) |
25.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
13.1 |
(0.3) |
9.4 |
(0.3) |
36.6 |
(0.5) |
40.9 |
(0.5) |
7.1 |
(0.2) |
9.7 |
(0.3) |
39.5 |
(0.4) |
43.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
10.3 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
51.6 |
(0.9) |
25.4 |
(0.9) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
56.3 |
(0.9) |
28.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
52.8 |
(0.8) |
21.0 |
(0.7) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
59.9 |
(0.7) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
20.3 |
(0.8) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
40.5 |
(0.7) |
28.8 |
(0.7) |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
42.7 |
(0.7) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
12.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
49.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
34.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Singapore |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
50.4 |
(0.7) |
39.1 |
(0.7) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
52.0 |
(0.6) |
42.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
57.7 |
(0.6) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
61.3 |
(0.6) |
22.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
52.8 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
57.9 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
55.3 |
(0.8) |
20.4 |
(0.7) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
60.1 |
(0.7) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
13.3 |
(0.4) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
35.7 |
(0.5) |
41.7 |
(0.5) |
7.5 |
(0.3) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
38.5 |
(0.5) |
44.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
10.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
6.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
39.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
44.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
5.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
44.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
41.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Viet Nam |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
16.7 |
(0.8) |
53.8 |
(1.0) |
17.4 |
(1.0) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
64.5 |
(1.1) |
20.0 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
It is a wrong thing to join in bullying |
I feel bad seeing other students bullied |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
36.1 |
(0.6) |
55.8 |
(0.6) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
44.4 |
(0.6) |
47.6 |
(0.6) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
67.9 |
(1.0) |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
33.1 |
(0.9) |
46.7 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
32.8 |
(0.6) |
61.4 |
(0.8) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
48.6 |
(0.6) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
38.3 |
(0.6) |
54.1 |
(0.6) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
5.5 |
(0.2) |
45.3 |
(0.6) |
45.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
56.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
48.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Colombia |
9.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
21.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
42.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
25.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
54.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
27.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Czech Republic |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
41.7 |
(0.9) |
46.4 |
(0.9) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
35.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
30.1 |
(0.8) |
64.3 |
(0.9) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
41.1 |
(0.8) |
50.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
47.5 |
(0.8) |
41.6 |
(0.8) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
53.7 |
(0.8) |
31.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
37.0 |
(0.7) |
56.1 |
(0.8) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
46.7 |
(0.8) |
42.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
France |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
32.4 |
(0.8) |
60.4 |
(0.9) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
42.3 |
(0.8) |
46.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
4.4 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
5.3 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
20.3 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
70.0 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
13.5 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
36.1 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
44.0 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
|
|
Greece |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
35.6 |
(0.7) |
49.6 |
(0.9) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
53.1 |
(0.8) |
26.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
28.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
60.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
33.7 |
(1.0) |
† |
52.4 |
(1.1) |
† |
|
|
Ireland |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
31.5 |
(0.7) |
62.2 |
(0.7) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
43.0 |
(0.8) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
50.4 |
(0.9) |
4.6 |
(0.2) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
40.7 |
(0.8) |
46.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
38.4 |
(0.9) |
46.9 |
(1.0) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
49.5 |
(0.9) |
33.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
37.8 |
(0.7) |
55.1 |
(0.9) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
42.7 |
(0.7) |
47.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
58.5 |
(0.6) |
35.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
51.2 |
(0.9) |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
16.2 |
(0.7) |
53.5 |
(0.9) |
23.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
31.3 |
(0.6) |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
37.8 |
(0.7) |
39.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
24.2 |
(0.5) |
64.4 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
36.1 |
(0.7) |
45.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
9.4 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
8.5 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
36.7 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
45.4 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
46.8 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
37.4 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
|
|
Netherlands* |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
57.5 |
(0.8) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
53.3 |
(0.8) |
37.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
55.7 |
(0.7) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
44.1 |
(0.8) |
48.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
24.5 |
(0.6) |
69.1 |
(0.8) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
29.7 |
(0.7) |
61.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
50.5 |
(0.8) |
29.6 |
(0.9) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
53.6 |
(0.8) |
25.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
42.0 |
(0.7) |
44.2 |
(0.9) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
49.9 |
(0.9) |
43.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
49.1 |
(0.7) |
31.4 |
(0.7) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
51.6 |
(0.7) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
48.4 |
(0.9) |
35.8 |
(0.8) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
56.0 |
(0.9) |
30.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
5.6 |
(0.2) |
† |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
† |
24.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
65.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
† |
5.3 |
(0.2) |
† |
37.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
53.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Sweden |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
29.7 |
(0.7) |
62.3 |
(0.9) |
6.0 |
(0.5) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
41.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
27.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
58.7 |
(1.0) |
† |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
37.6 |
(1.1) |
† |
41.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Turkey |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
36.9 |
(0.6) |
43.0 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
8.0 |
(0.3) |
42.2 |
(0.6) |
42.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
30.7 |
(0.8) |
64.0 |
(0.8) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
42.7 |
(0.7) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
33.1 |
(0.7) |
60.3 |
(0.9) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
5.9 |
(0.1) |
6.4 |
(0.1) |
35.7 |
(0.1) |
52.1 |
(0.1) |
5.1 |
(0.1) |
8.3 |
(0.1) |
44.7 |
(0.1) |
41.8 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
34.3 |
(0.7) |
51.4 |
(0.7) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
51.2 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
46.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
42.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
42.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
44.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
30.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
9.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
47.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
53.0 |
(0.8) |
22.9 |
(0.8) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
55.2 |
(0.8) |
16.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
41.9 |
(0.8) |
43.7 |
(0.9) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
45.1 |
(0.7) |
41.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
40.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
42.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
46.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
56.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
37.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
52.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
51.8 |
(0.8) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
60.5 |
(0.7) |
28.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
10.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
12.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
44.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
32.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
10.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
45.7 |
(1.1) |
† |
29.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Costa Rica |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
30.3 |
(0.7) |
55.8 |
(1.0) |
5.8 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
38.4 |
(0.7) |
49.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
41.1 |
(0.7) |
47.6 |
(0.8) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
47.1 |
(0.8) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
35.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
43.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
40.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
42.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
12.5 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
13.8 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
40.8 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
32.9 |
(1.6) |
‡ |
10.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
10.6 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
45.2 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
33.4 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
|
|
Georgia |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
36.7 |
(0.8) |
43.2 |
(1.0) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
39.9 |
(0.9) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
53.3 |
(0.8) |
37.8 |
(0.8) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
60.8 |
(0.8) |
21.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.7) |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
22.7 |
(0.9) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
57.0 |
(0.8) |
22.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
44.3 |
(0.7) |
25.3 |
(0.8) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
42.4 |
(0.6) |
37.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
14.0 |
(0.3) |
14.4 |
(0.4) |
49.6 |
(0.5) |
22.0 |
(0.5) |
13.2 |
(0.3) |
16.8 |
(0.4) |
51.6 |
(0.5) |
18.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
35.8 |
(0.8) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
46.5 |
(0.9) |
37.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
44.7 |
(0.8) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
59.4 |
(0.7) |
26.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
35.7 |
(0.8) |
48.3 |
(1.0) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
49.7 |
(0.7) |
37.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
33.7 |
(0.9) |
55.9 |
(0.9) |
3.9 |
(0.4) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
38.1 |
(0.8) |
52.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
17.3 |
(0.7) |
46.6 |
(0.9) |
27.9 |
(0.7) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
57.3 |
(0.8) |
25.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
39.1 |
(0.6) |
43.9 |
(0.7) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
42.9 |
(0.6) |
41.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
11.3 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
21.6 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
41.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
25.2 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
16.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
44.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
29.0 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
13.6 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
12.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
34.2 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
40.0 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
8.5 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
10.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
42.4 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
38.5 |
(1.6) |
‡ |
|
|
Peru |
9.6 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
9.1 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
36.5 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
44.8 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
6.2 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
7.8 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
46.2 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
39.8 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
|
|
Philippines |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
43.8 |
(0.8) |
34.8 |
(0.9) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
49.3 |
(0.8) |
32.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
10.2 |
(0.3) |
10.7 |
(0.3) |
31.4 |
(0.5) |
47.7 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.2) |
8.4 |
(0.3) |
36.1 |
(0.4) |
48.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
14.7 |
(0.7) |
43.3 |
(0.9) |
32.0 |
(1.1) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
52.1 |
(0.8) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
53.7 |
(0.8) |
30.0 |
(1.0) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
54.1 |
(0.6) |
22.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
39.2 |
(1.0) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
37.1 |
(0.6) |
41.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
40.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
7.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Singapore |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
36.5 |
(0.6) |
59.2 |
(0.6) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
43.2 |
(0.6) |
51.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
47.3 |
(0.7) |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
57.9 |
(0.8) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
47.6 |
(0.7) |
24.1 |
(0.9) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
56.8 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
50.3 |
(0.7) |
27.5 |
(0.9) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
52.7 |
(0.6) |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
13.5 |
(0.3) |
9.2 |
(0.3) |
28.7 |
(0.5) |
48.6 |
(0.6) |
7.6 |
(0.3) |
7.4 |
(0.3) |
33.2 |
(0.5) |
51.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
7.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
33.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
50.1 |
(1.2) |
† |
5.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
42.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
44.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
|
|
Viet Nam |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.6) |
49.3 |
(1.2) |
33.1 |
(1.5) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
56.8 |
(1.1) |
29.1 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I like it when someone stands up for other students who are being bullied |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
2.3 |
(0.1) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
44.2 |
(0.6) |
49.9 |
(0.6) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Austria |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
7.3 |
(0.5) |
27.8 |
(0.8) |
58.6 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
50.2 |
(0.7) |
44.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Canada |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
45.2 |
(0.6) |
48.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chile |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
36.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
52.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
51.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
34.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
50.8 |
(0.9) |
38.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
41.6 |
(0.8) |
52.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
53.4 |
(0.9) |
35.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Finland |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
47.2 |
(0.8) |
45.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
France |
3.9 |
(0.4) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
43.4 |
(0.8) |
49.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Germany |
4.1 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
5.6 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
30.2 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
60.0 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Greece |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
39.8 |
(0.6) |
49.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
52.5 |
(0.9) |
32.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
37.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
48.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
42.4 |
(0.8) |
53.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Israel |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
36.8 |
(0.7) |
52.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Italy |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
45.9 |
(0.9) |
43.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Japan |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
48.5 |
(0.7) |
35.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Korea |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
58.6 |
(0.6) |
35.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
54.8 |
(0.9) |
29.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
33.4 |
(0.7) |
55.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
5.9 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
43.0 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
1.9 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
47.3 |
(0.8) |
48.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
43.5 |
(0.8) |
51.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Norway |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
30.4 |
(0.6) |
62.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Poland |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
52.7 |
(0.7) |
31.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
47.0 |
(0.8) |
45.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
51.8 |
(0.8) |
31.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
51.5 |
(0.8) |
34.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Spain |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
† |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
† |
33.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
59.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
50.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
5.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
35.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
51.4 |
(1.0) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
38.3 |
(0.6) |
43.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
51.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United States* |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
39.9 |
(0.8) |
55.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
4.9 |
(0.1) |
5.5 |
(0.1) |
43.4 |
(0.1) |
46.2 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
37.1 |
(0.8) |
54.3 |
(0.8) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
49.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
44.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
34.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
59.5 |
(0.9) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
42.8 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
44.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
42.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
54.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
55.1 |
(0.7) |
35.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
11.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
11.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
44.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
31.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
56.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
43.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
37.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
44.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
11.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
8.7 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
39.7 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
40.5 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
39.2 |
(0.9) |
41.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
60.2 |
(0.7) |
28.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
14.4 |
(0.6) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
46.7 |
(0.8) |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
39.0 |
(0.7) |
40.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
13.0 |
(0.4) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
52.7 |
(0.5) |
21.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
8.5 |
(0.6) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
42.4 |
(0.8) |
40.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
7.3 |
(0.5) |
57.8 |
(0.7) |
32.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
43.4 |
(0.8) |
43.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malta |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
3.9 |
(0.4) |
37.0 |
(0.9) |
55.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
6.3 |
(0.5) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
50.4 |
(0.9) |
34.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
41.6 |
(0.6) |
45.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
11.1 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
14.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
41.1 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
33.0 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Panama |
8.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
7.4 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
39.8 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
44.6 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Peru |
7.0 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
6.0 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
42.9 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
44.2 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
47.4 |
(0.9) |
30.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
7.5 |
(0.2) |
7.1 |
(0.2) |
31.7 |
(0.5) |
53.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Romania |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
49.0 |
(0.7) |
37.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Russia |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
57.6 |
(0.7) |
26.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
45.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
41.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
53.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
56.9 |
(0.7) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
55.5 |
(0.8) |
25.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
54.6 |
(0.7) |
31.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
7.6 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.2) |
30.8 |
(0.4) |
55.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
5.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
39.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
50.1 |
(1.0) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
49.9 |
(1.0) |
38.8 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.3.1. Disciplinary climate in language-of-instruction lessons
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of disciplinary climate1 |
Percentage of students who reported that the following things happen in their language-of-instruction lessons: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
Students don’t listen to what the teacher says |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never or hardly ever |
Some lessons |
Most lessons |
Every lesson |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
- 0.20 |
(0.02) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
46.3 |
(0.5) |
22.4 |
(0.5) |
14.4 |
(0.4) |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
0.29 |
(0.03) |
1.18 |
(0.01) |
37.6 |
(1.0) |
35.4 |
(0.6) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
- 0.21 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
47.3 |
(0.8) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
- 0.09 |
(0.01) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
48.8 |
(0.4) |
19.9 |
(0.4) |
11.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
- 0.12 |
(0.03) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
20.1 |
(0.9) |
52.9 |
(0.7) |
19.8 |
(0.7) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
22.4 |
(0.9) |
57.4 |
(0.8) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.02 |
(0.03) |
1.15 |
(0.01) |
17.9 |
(0.8) |
43.3 |
(0.9) |
19.7 |
(0.7) |
19.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
0.19 |
(0.03) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
25.4 |
(1.0) |
52.6 |
(0.8) |
14.2 |
(0.7) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
0.20 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
50.9 |
(0.8) |
22.0 |
(0.7) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
13.2 |
(0.7) |
56.9 |
(0.8) |
22.8 |
(0.7) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
- 0.34 |
(0.03) |
1.12 |
(0.02) |
16.6 |
(0.8) |
41.6 |
(0.8) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
15.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
19.5 |
(0.8) |
44.5 |
(0.9) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Greece |
- 0.26 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
25.3 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
0.07 |
(0.03) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
51.1 |
(0.8) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
22.5 |
(0.7) |
53.6 |
(0.9) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
0.04 |
(0.03) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
19.8 |
(0.8) |
47.2 |
(0.8) |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
- 0.03 |
(0.04) |
1.20 |
(0.02) |
23.3 |
(1.0) |
46.1 |
(0.8) |
19.7 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
0.78 |
(0.03) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
45.0 |
(1.2) |
46.5 |
(0.9) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
2.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
1.07 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
62.1 |
(1.0) |
31.3 |
(0.8) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
0.14 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
20.5 |
(0.8) |
47.5 |
(0.9) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
0.28 |
(0.02) |
1.13 |
(0.01) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(0.7) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
1.18 |
(0.01) |
23.9 |
(0.5) |
41.5 |
(0.8) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
17.8 |
(0.8) |
56.9 |
(0.8) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
- 0.20 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
17.8 |
(0.8) |
55.9 |
(0.9) |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
- 0.16 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
47.8 |
(0.7) |
23.2 |
(0.6) |
12.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
24.6 |
(0.9) |
53.2 |
(0.8) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
0.04 |
(0.03) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
16.8 |
(0.8) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
0.01 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
53.5 |
(0.8) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
0.07 |
(0.03) |
1.08 |
(0.02) |
16.4 |
(0.8) |
51.4 |
(1.0) |
21.8 |
(0.8) |
10.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
- 0.01 |
(0.01) |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
27.3 |
(0.6) |
15.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
- 0.22 |
(0.01) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
13.9 |
(0.4) |
48.8 |
(0.5) |
25.8 |
(0.4) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
24.3 |
(1.0) |
51.6 |
(0.9) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
0.04 |
(0.03) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
21.6 |
(0.9) |
44.5 |
(0.7) |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
14.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
- 0.08 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
23.1 |
(0.8) |
59.2 |
(0.8) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
25.7 |
(0.8) |
44.1 |
(0.7) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
0.14 |
(0.03) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
23.9 |
(1.0) |
50.5 |
(0.9) |
17.8 |
(0.8) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
0.04 |
(0.00) |
1.03 |
(0.00) |
22.0 |
(0.1) |
48.5 |
(0.1) |
19.4 |
(0.1) |
10.1 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.84 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
54.2 |
(1.0) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
- 0.44 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
47.9 |
(0.7) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.35 |
(0.02) |
1.12 |
(0.01) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
46.9 |
(0.8) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
0.71 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
49.4 |
(0.6) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
0.08 |
(0.03) |
1.08 |
(0.02) |
15.5 |
(0.8) |
50.3 |
(1.0) |
21.8 |
(0.8) |
12.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
- 0.37 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
45.0 |
(0.7) |
27.1 |
(0.6) |
13.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
- 0.02 |
(0.01) |
0.82 |
(0.01) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
64.5 |
(0.6) |
12.9 |
(0.4) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.79 |
(0.03) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
45.7 |
(1.1) |
43.5 |
(0.8) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
0.00 |
(0.03) |
1.19 |
(0.01) |
23.1 |
(0.9) |
39.4 |
(0.9) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
16.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
26.9 |
(0.9) |
52.0 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
49.4 |
(0.7) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
- 0.28 |
(0.01) |
1.10 |
(0.01) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
43.7 |
(0.7) |
21.8 |
(0.6) |
18.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
47.7 |
(0.7) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
0.40 |
(0.03) |
1.16 |
(0.02) |
31.9 |
(1.1) |
46.3 |
(0.9) |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
10.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
0.24 |
(0.03) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
29.4 |
(1.1) |
51.2 |
(0.9) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.21 |
(0.03) |
1.06 |
(0.02) |
31.4 |
(1.0) |
48.4 |
(1.1) |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
0.30 |
(0.03) |
1.22 |
(0.01) |
43.5 |
(1.1) |
32.9 |
(0.8) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
52.5 |
(0.7) |
37.1 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.2) |
5.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.50 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
37.0 |
(0.8) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
0.12 |
(0.01) |
0.82 |
(0.01) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
65.8 |
(0.7) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
19.4 |
(0.8) |
64.5 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
- 0.17 |
(0.02) |
1.13 |
(0.01) |
19.3 |
(0.6) |
44.0 |
(0.9) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
0.60 |
(0.03) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
30.1 |
(1.0) |
54.2 |
(0.9) |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
0.44 |
(0.01) |
1.13 |
(0.01) |
28.5 |
(0.5) |
45.0 |
(0.6) |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
- 0.20 |
(0.02) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
21.0 |
(0.7) |
41.6 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
- 0.12 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
59.5 |
(0.8) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Peru |
0.23 |
(0.01) |
0.84 |
(0.01) |
20.6 |
(0.7) |
63.5 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
- 0.21 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
15.3 |
(0.7) |
59.7 |
(1.0) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
13.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
- 0.05 |
(0.01) |
1.17 |
(0.01) |
24.3 |
(0.3) |
44.6 |
(0.4) |
18.9 |
(0.3) |
12.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
0.38 |
(0.03) |
1.02 |
(0.02) |
24.9 |
(1.1) |
56.2 |
(0.9) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
9.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
0.50 |
(0.02) |
1.13 |
(0.01) |
33.7 |
(0.9) |
43.8 |
(0.6) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.27 |
(0.03) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
35.6 |
(1.0) |
39.9 |
(0.8) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
8.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
0.03 |
(0.03) |
1.17 |
(0.02) |
14.6 |
(0.7) |
46.4 |
(0.8) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
0.09 |
(0.01) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
50.5 |
(0.6) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
8.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
0.18 |
(0.02) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
54.4 |
(0.7) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
0.31 |
(0.02) |
0.82 |
(0.01) |
23.7 |
(0.8) |
67.9 |
(0.7) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
0.53 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
28.9 |
(0.8) |
48.8 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.29 |
(0.01) |
1.20 |
(0.01) |
37.2 |
(0.6) |
40.3 |
(0.5) |
13.4 |
(0.3) |
9.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
20.4 |
(0.8) |
51.8 |
(0.7) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
0.63 |
(0.03) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
43.9 |
(1.4) |
50.4 |
(1.2) |
4.1 |
(0.4) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported that the following things happen in their language-of-instruction lessons: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
There is noise and disorder |
The teacher has to wait a long time for students to quiet down |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never or hardly ever |
Some lessons |
Most lessons |
Every lesson |
Never or hardly ever |
Some lessons |
Most lessons |
Every lesson |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
43.1 |
(0.5) |
26.4 |
(0.5) |
16.5 |
(0.4) |
23.1 |
(0.5) |
44.5 |
(0.6) |
20.3 |
(0.5) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
36.7 |
(1.0) |
37.1 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
39.7 |
(1.1) |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
10.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
14.2 |
(0.7) |
41.9 |
(0.6) |
26.8 |
(0.6) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
22.7 |
(0.8) |
40.2 |
(0.8) |
22.6 |
(0.5) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
16.9 |
(0.4) |
44.2 |
(0.5) |
24.6 |
(0.4) |
14.3 |
(0.4) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
43.8 |
(0.5) |
17.9 |
(0.4) |
9.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
13.1 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(0.7) |
26.4 |
(0.7) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
23.8 |
(1.0) |
41.0 |
(0.8) |
23.4 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
54.2 |
(0.7) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
36.9 |
(1.0) |
43.3 |
(0.8) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
25.1 |
(1.1) |
42.0 |
(0.8) |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.8) |
30.8 |
(1.1) |
40.5 |
(0.8) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
12.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
56.2 |
(0.8) |
19.2 |
(0.8) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
40.8 |
(1.2) |
45.5 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
3.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
31.7 |
(1.0) |
44.7 |
(0.9) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
36.2 |
(1.0) |
43.8 |
(0.8) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
52.5 |
(0.9) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
21.0 |
(0.7) |
51.5 |
(0.8) |
20.2 |
(0.8) |
7.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
France |
12.0 |
(0.7) |
36.1 |
(0.8) |
28.5 |
(0.8) |
23.4 |
(0.9) |
25.9 |
(1.0) |
35.1 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
16.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
29.0 |
(1.0) |
42.2 |
(0.9) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
8.8 |
(0.6) |
29.5 |
(0.9) |
41.3 |
(0.7) |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Greece |
14.8 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.8) |
24.4 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
26.1 |
(0.9) |
40.3 |
(0.8) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
23.3 |
(0.9) |
46.2 |
(0.9) |
20.7 |
(0.7) |
9.9 |
(0.6) |
29.8 |
(1.0) |
41.5 |
(0.8) |
19.2 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
53.0 |
(0.9) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
50.9 |
(0.8) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
20.8 |
(0.9) |
44.4 |
(0.8) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
32.3 |
(1.1) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
24.5 |
(1.2) |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
20.0 |
(0.8) |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
26.2 |
(1.0) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
12.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
19.6 |
(0.8) |
43.3 |
(0.8) |
24.7 |
(0.8) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
32.7 |
(0.8) |
37.1 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
55.4 |
(1.2) |
34.9 |
(0.9) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
57.4 |
(1.2) |
33.9 |
(0.9) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
57.5 |
(1.0) |
34.6 |
(0.8) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
58.4 |
(0.9) |
33.7 |
(0.8) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
27.0 |
(0.9) |
45.8 |
(0.8) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
33.0 |
(1.0) |
44.8 |
(0.7) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
32.1 |
(0.8) |
46.9 |
(0.7) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
39.5 |
(0.8) |
42.0 |
(0.7) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
26.6 |
(0.5) |
41.0 |
(0.7) |
19.1 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
36.4 |
(0.6) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
13.6 |
(0.7) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
12.0 |
(0.7) |
36.7 |
(1.0) |
40.9 |
(0.7) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
52.8 |
(1.0) |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
16.1 |
(0.8) |
49.9 |
(1.0) |
25.6 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
43.0 |
(0.7) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
24.9 |
(0.8) |
44.9 |
(0.7) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
16.6 |
(0.8) |
56.8 |
(0.7) |
20.5 |
(0.7) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
26.7 |
(1.0) |
51.0 |
(0.8) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
25.1 |
(1.1) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
19.1 |
(0.7) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
30.7 |
(1.2) |
42.9 |
(0.8) |
17.4 |
(0.7) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
19.9 |
(0.8) |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
26.2 |
(0.9) |
45.8 |
(0.9) |
19.6 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
29.6 |
(1.1) |
45.4 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
32.3 |
(1.0) |
42.1 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
26.5 |
(0.6) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
40.7 |
(0.8) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
16.2 |
(0.4) |
43.2 |
(0.6) |
26.8 |
(0.5) |
13.8 |
(0.4) |
20.4 |
(0.5) |
40.5 |
(0.6) |
25.6 |
(0.5) |
13.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
19.8 |
(0.9) |
52.9 |
(0.9) |
20.8 |
(0.7) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
26.8 |
(1.0) |
46.7 |
(0.8) |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
23.2 |
(0.9) |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
20.4 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
35.9 |
(1.0) |
38.4 |
(0.6) |
16.5 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
22.6 |
(0.9) |
53.8 |
(0.7) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
27.8 |
(0.9) |
47.5 |
(0.8) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
21.4 |
(0.7) |
44.8 |
(0.6) |
21.6 |
(0.5) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
43.1 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
23.5 |
(0.9) |
48.3 |
(0.8) |
19.2 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
31.8 |
(1.2) |
46.4 |
(0.8) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
6.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
22.7 |
(0.1) |
45.8 |
(0.1) |
20.9 |
(0.1) |
10.6 |
(0.1) |
31.2 |
(0.2) |
42.4 |
(0.1) |
17.4 |
(0.1) |
9.1 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
55.9 |
(1.1) |
34.7 |
(0.9) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
61.2 |
(0.9) |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
22.3 |
(0.8) |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
17.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
31.2 |
(0.8) |
48.1 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
43.6 |
(0.9) |
38.3 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
7.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
45.1 |
(1.0) |
43.0 |
(0.8) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
57.1 |
(1.0) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
28.1 |
(0.9) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
10.8 |
(0.6) |
37.1 |
(1.0) |
38.1 |
(0.7) |
14.5 |
(0.7) |
10.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
42.5 |
(0.7) |
26.6 |
(0.6) |
17.9 |
(0.5) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
38.7 |
(0.6) |
25.3 |
(0.6) |
15.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
13.1 |
(0.4) |
51.1 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
12.0 |
(0.4) |
29.9 |
(0.5) |
45.5 |
(0.6) |
16.4 |
(0.4) |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
46.8 |
(1.1) |
44.3 |
(0.9) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
59.5 |
(0.9) |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
29.0 |
(1.1) |
37.2 |
(0.9) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
13.5 |
(0.7) |
34.9 |
(1.1) |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
13.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
48.3 |
(0.8) |
20.6 |
(0.5) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
40.3 |
(0.9) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
25.6 |
(0.8) |
46.0 |
(0.7) |
19.4 |
(0.5) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
33.1 |
(0.9) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
18.3 |
(0.5) |
42.6 |
(0.6) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
18.2 |
(0.5) |
25.8 |
(0.5) |
39.4 |
(0.7) |
19.3 |
(0.5) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
41.6 |
(1.0) |
35.6 |
(0.8) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Georgia |
39.9 |
(1.2) |
42.4 |
(0.9) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
43.0 |
(1.2) |
36.4 |
(0.8) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
9.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
28.5 |
(1.1) |
52.5 |
(0.9) |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
40.5 |
(1.1) |
43.4 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
26.9 |
(1.0) |
43.4 |
(1.0) |
19.2 |
(0.8) |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
40.8 |
(1.2) |
34.5 |
(0.9) |
14.0 |
(0.7) |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
36.9 |
(1.0) |
36.2 |
(0.8) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
44.2 |
(1.0) |
29.3 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
55.9 |
(0.8) |
36.5 |
(0.7) |
4.5 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.1) |
66.2 |
(0.5) |
25.7 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.2) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
45.7 |
(1.0) |
39.1 |
(0.9) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
49.4 |
(0.9) |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
61.0 |
(0.9) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
54.6 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
16.1 |
(0.7) |
52.7 |
(0.7) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
30.7 |
(1.0) |
45.0 |
(0.8) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
18.9 |
(0.7) |
41.7 |
(0.8) |
22.7 |
(0.7) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
20.1 |
(0.7) |
41.3 |
(0.9) |
22.9 |
(0.8) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
46.7 |
(1.2) |
42.0 |
(0.8) |
8.7 |
(0.6) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
51.9 |
(1.2) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
9.4 |
(0.6) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
51.5 |
(0.5) |
32.4 |
(0.5) |
9.4 |
(0.3) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
49.7 |
(0.6) |
31.4 |
(0.6) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
35.1 |
(0.6) |
21.1 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
34.5 |
(0.9) |
28.3 |
(0.6) |
18.4 |
(0.5) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
13.9 |
(0.7) |
54.3 |
(0.7) |
18.9 |
(0.5) |
12.8 |
(0.4) |
27.5 |
(0.9) |
46.7 |
(0.8) |
16.3 |
(0.7) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Peru |
18.4 |
(0.7) |
58.2 |
(0.7) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
46.4 |
(0.9) |
39.3 |
(0.7) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Philippines |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
52.7 |
(0.7) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
45.9 |
(0.8) |
19.4 |
(0.5) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
24.0 |
(0.4) |
42.4 |
(0.4) |
20.5 |
(0.3) |
13.1 |
(0.3) |
29.0 |
(0.4) |
37.0 |
(0.5) |
18.8 |
(0.3) |
15.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
34.3 |
(1.2) |
49.8 |
(1.0) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
44.3 |
(1.3) |
38.8 |
(0.9) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
7.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
43.4 |
(0.9) |
39.6 |
(0.7) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
49.1 |
(0.9) |
34.4 |
(0.6) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
35.5 |
(1.0) |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
43.1 |
(1.0) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
31.2 |
(0.9) |
42.1 |
(0.7) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
11.4 |
(0.7) |
34.4 |
(0.9) |
38.4 |
(0.6) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
46.4 |
(0.5) |
21.7 |
(0.5) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
44.8 |
(0.8) |
16.6 |
(0.4) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
24.8 |
(0.8) |
54.8 |
(0.7) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
32.4 |
(0.8) |
48.7 |
(0.7) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
61.8 |
(0.7) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
29.9 |
(0.7) |
55.9 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
48.6 |
(1.1) |
39.6 |
(1.0) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
48.9 |
(1.2) |
38.0 |
(1.0) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
32.7 |
(0.5) |
41.2 |
(0.5) |
15.7 |
(0.3) |
10.3 |
(0.3) |
39.1 |
(0.5) |
35.6 |
(0.5) |
14.5 |
(0.3) |
10.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
15.0 |
(0.5) |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
21.5 |
(0.9) |
41.0 |
(0.9) |
22.8 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
47.7 |
(1.4) |
43.1 |
(1.1) |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
38.3 |
(1.2) |
48.4 |
(1.0) |
9.1 |
(0.6) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported that the following things happen in their language-of-instruction lessons: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Students cannot work well |
Students don’t start working for a long time after the lesson begins |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never or hardly ever |
Some lessons |
Most lessons |
Every lesson |
Never or hardly ever |
Some lessons |
Most lessons |
Every lesson |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
30.3 |
(0.6) |
48.3 |
(0.5) |
13.5 |
(0.4) |
7.9 |
(0.3) |
30.2 |
(0.6) |
43.7 |
(0.5) |
16.6 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
52.7 |
(0.9) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.5) |
45.2 |
(0.9) |
30.6 |
(0.6) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
41.1 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
28.7 |
(0.8) |
39.1 |
(0.6) |
20.1 |
(0.5) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
34.1 |
(0.6) |
46.9 |
(0.5) |
12.6 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.2) |
26.4 |
(0.6) |
44.4 |
(0.5) |
19.9 |
(0.4) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
38.4 |
(1.0) |
42.8 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
27.7 |
(0.9) |
43.6 |
(0.7) |
20.5 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
46.5 |
(0.9) |
40.2 |
(0.8) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
45.5 |
(1.2) |
36.5 |
(0.8) |
9.6 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
39.4 |
(1.0) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
34.0 |
(1.0) |
53.1 |
(0.9) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
35.5 |
(1.0) |
49.1 |
(0.8) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
3.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
31.6 |
(0.8) |
51.6 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
45.4 |
(0.9) |
39.0 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
49.4 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
26.4 |
(0.8) |
48.4 |
(0.7) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
France |
40.6 |
(1.1) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
25.9 |
(0.8) |
33.6 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
38.1 |
(1.0) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
40.1 |
(1.1) |
36.8 |
(0.8) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Greece |
28.0 |
(0.8) |
43.8 |
(0.8) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
27.8 |
(0.6) |
40.8 |
(0.7) |
20.3 |
(0.5) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
39.5 |
(1.0) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
45.7 |
(1.1) |
34.4 |
(0.8) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
29.3 |
(0.7) |
54.4 |
(0.9) |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
54.2 |
(0.9) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
42.3 |
(0.9) |
42.7 |
(0.8) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
38.0 |
(1.0) |
40.5 |
(0.7) |
14.5 |
(0.7) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
34.5 |
(1.2) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
9.6 |
(0.7) |
33.2 |
(1.1) |
38.8 |
(0.7) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
11.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
40.6 |
(0.8) |
40.8 |
(0.8) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
40.5 |
(0.8) |
35.5 |
(0.8) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
44.3 |
(1.0) |
41.6 |
(0.9) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
59.6 |
(1.1) |
32.0 |
(0.9) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
69.7 |
(1.0) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
68.3 |
(0.9) |
25.3 |
(0.8) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
34.2 |
(0.9) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
46.8 |
(1.0) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
41.5 |
(0.8) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
45.8 |
(0.8) |
37.5 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
43.0 |
(0.6) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
35.9 |
(0.7) |
16.5 |
(0.4) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
35.7 |
(0.9) |
45.0 |
(0.8) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
29.8 |
(0.9) |
44.2 |
(0.7) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
32.8 |
(0.9) |
51.2 |
(0.8) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
3.6 |
(0.4) |
16.3 |
(0.7) |
44.3 |
(0.9) |
28.9 |
(0.8) |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
49.2 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
45.8 |
(0.6) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
30.0 |
(0.9) |
52.3 |
(0.8) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
26.0 |
(0.8) |
51.0 |
(0.8) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
38.2 |
(1.0) |
41.7 |
(0.9) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
42.2 |
(1.1) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
40.4 |
(1.0) |
44.4 |
(0.8) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
33.6 |
(0.8) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
41.4 |
(1.0) |
38.0 |
(0.8) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
33.9 |
(1.0) |
40.0 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
44.2 |
(0.7) |
37.4 |
(0.8) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
36.7 |
(0.7) |
36.9 |
(0.7) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
39.7 |
(0.6) |
39.6 |
(0.5) |
13.7 |
(0.3) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
27.6 |
(0.4) |
39.8 |
(0.5) |
20.8 |
(0.4) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
31.9 |
(0.9) |
51.1 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
29.8 |
(0.9) |
48.3 |
(0.7) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
43.9 |
(1.0) |
37.0 |
(0.7) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
39.2 |
(1.0) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
49.7 |
(0.7) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
45.1 |
(0.6) |
24.5 |
(0.7) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
43.7 |
(0.9) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
40.6 |
(0.8) |
40.3 |
(0.6) |
12.4 |
(0.4) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
42.6 |
(1.2) |
42.7 |
(1.0) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
35.8 |
(1.0) |
44.1 |
(0.8) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
38.5 |
(0.1) |
43.0 |
(0.1) |
12.5 |
(0.1) |
6.0 |
(0.1) |
35.2 |
(0.1) |
40.3 |
(0.1) |
16.0 |
(0.1) |
8.5 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
48.4 |
(0.9) |
41.1 |
(0.8) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
63.0 |
(0.9) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
7.5 |
(0.3) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
41.8 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
39.1 |
(0.6) |
24.3 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
39.2 |
(0.9) |
46.5 |
(0.8) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
46.1 |
(0.8) |
35.8 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
41.8 |
(0.7) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
62.5 |
(0.9) |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
39.2 |
(0.9) |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
46.6 |
(1.0) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
40.5 |
(0.6) |
20.2 |
(0.5) |
9.5 |
(0.3) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
33.8 |
(0.6) |
25.6 |
(0.5) |
18.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
26.1 |
(0.6) |
57.1 |
(0.6) |
13.0 |
(0.3) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
40.1 |
(0.6) |
44.2 |
(0.6) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
53.2 |
(1.2) |
37.7 |
(1.0) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
54.8 |
(1.1) |
36.1 |
(0.9) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
32.3 |
(0.9) |
44.3 |
(0.8) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
41.7 |
(1.0) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
48.9 |
(0.9) |
36.3 |
(0.7) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
40.1 |
(0.7) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
41.0 |
(0.6) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
37.0 |
(0.6) |
14.2 |
(0.4) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
26.7 |
(0.7) |
40.5 |
(0.9) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
42.4 |
(1.1) |
37.1 |
(1.0) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
33.6 |
(0.9) |
32.7 |
(0.8) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Georgia |
45.8 |
(1.0) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
52.0 |
(1.1) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
8.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
31.5 |
(1.0) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
28.0 |
(1.0) |
50.8 |
(0.8) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
46.3 |
(1.0) |
37.1 |
(0.9) |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
44.1 |
(1.2) |
35.3 |
(0.9) |
12.7 |
(0.7) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
45.8 |
(0.8) |
31.5 |
(0.7) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
47.5 |
(0.9) |
28.6 |
(0.7) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
61.5 |
(0.6) |
30.0 |
(0.5) |
4.9 |
(0.2) |
3.6 |
(0.1) |
68.4 |
(0.6) |
24.1 |
(0.6) |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
40.6 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
53.0 |
(0.8) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
53.6 |
(0.8) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
22.5 |
(0.6) |
57.9 |
(0.9) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
48.1 |
(0.7) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
34.0 |
(0.8) |
46.1 |
(0.7) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
40.9 |
(0.7) |
38.3 |
(0.9) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
39.8 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
45.3 |
(1.0) |
44.6 |
(0.8) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
58.1 |
(1.0) |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
48.0 |
(0.7) |
34.1 |
(0.7) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
49.5 |
(0.6) |
30.2 |
(0.6) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
8.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
43.7 |
(0.6) |
20.6 |
(0.5) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
36.2 |
(0.8) |
27.1 |
(0.6) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
29.3 |
(0.8) |
50.2 |
(0.9) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
43.7 |
(0.8) |
17.2 |
(0.7) |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Peru |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
54.3 |
(0.8) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
41.1 |
(0.8) |
43.7 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Philippines |
29.9 |
(0.7) |
50.1 |
(0.9) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
38.5 |
(0.4) |
37.3 |
(0.4) |
14.5 |
(0.3) |
9.6 |
(0.2) |
35.2 |
(0.4) |
35.9 |
(0.4) |
16.7 |
(0.3) |
12.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
48.1 |
(1.1) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
49.6 |
(1.2) |
34.3 |
(0.8) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
39.7 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
55.8 |
(1.0) |
31.3 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
46.7 |
(0.9) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
49.3 |
(0.9) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
43.8 |
(1.0) |
34.9 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
9.2 |
(0.6) |
38.2 |
(0.9) |
34.2 |
(0.6) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
12.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
44.2 |
(0.6) |
42.1 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
40.1 |
(0.6) |
41.6 |
(0.6) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
48.1 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
28.4 |
(0.8) |
50.5 |
(0.6) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
56.8 |
(0.7) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
46.9 |
(0.9) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
41.2 |
(1.0) |
45.4 |
(0.9) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
52.4 |
(1.0) |
35.7 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
48.9 |
(0.5) |
33.1 |
(0.5) |
11.1 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
47.4 |
(0.6) |
31.3 |
(0.4) |
12.3 |
(0.3) |
9.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
45.1 |
(1.0) |
37.9 |
(0.9) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
38.8 |
(1.0) |
37.2 |
(0.9) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
27.6 |
(1.1) |
62.9 |
(1.1) |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
48.6 |
(1.2) |
39.7 |
(0.9) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
← 1. Higher values in the index indicate a more positive disciplinary climate. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.4.1. Student truancy and lateness
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported that the following happened in the two weeks prior to the PISA test: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I skipped a whole day of school |
I skipped some classes |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never |
Once or twice |
Three or four times |
Five or more times |
Never |
Once or twice |
Three or four times |
Five or more times |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
67.0 |
(0.6) |
25.5 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
78.8 |
(0.5) |
15.4 |
(0.4) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
82.7 |
(0.6) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
74.0 |
(0.9) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
91.3 |
(0.4) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
85.8 |
(0.5) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
76.8 |
(0.5) |
17.9 |
(0.4) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.1) |
67.2 |
(0.7) |
23.1 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
89.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
† |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
† |
81.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
† |
|
|
Colombia |
56.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
36.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
† |
56.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
35.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
† |
|
|
Czech Republic |
89.5 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.3) |
88.1 |
(0.5) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
80.3 |
(0.7) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
75.6 |
(0.9) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
3.7 |
(0.4) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
82.5 |
(0.6) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
69.0 |
(0.9) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
86.8 |
(0.6) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
80.1 |
(0.6) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
France |
83.9 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
70.5 |
(0.9) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
86.7 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
9.2 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
2.0 |
(0.3) |
‡ |
2.1 |
(0.3) |
‡ |
79.0 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
14.9 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
3.5 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
2.6 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
|
|
Greece |
71.4 |
(0.6) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
48.8 |
(1.3) |
33.4 |
(0.9) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
88.0 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
80.8 |
(0.9) |
14.0 |
(0.7) |
3.5 |
(0.4) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
92.6 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
75.6 |
(0.9) |
16.5 |
(0.8) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
70.1 |
(0.8) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
72.3 |
(1.0) |
20.6 |
(0.8) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
61.6 |
(0.8) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
55.0 |
(1.1) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
43.2 |
(1.0) |
39.8 |
(0.8) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
47.6 |
(0.9) |
37.9 |
(0.8) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
97.9 |
(0.4) |
1.7 |
(0.3) |
0.1 |
(0.0) |
0.3 |
(0.1) |
96.5 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
97.8 |
(0.3) |
1.5 |
(0.3) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
0.3 |
(0.1) |
97.4 |
(0.4) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
71.3 |
(0.8) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
59.3 |
(0.8) |
30.1 |
(0.8) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
72.2 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
58.1 |
(0.8) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
84.8 |
(0.6) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
80.7 |
(0.6) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
71.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
23.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
† |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
† |
71.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
23.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
92.8 |
(0.5) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
0.8 |
(0.2) |
77.6 |
(1.0) |
16.6 |
(0.8) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
71.0 |
(0.8) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
73.5 |
(0.9) |
19.4 |
(0.7) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
86.4 |
(0.5) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
79.1 |
(0.7) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
76.1 |
(1.0) |
16.0 |
(0.7) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
64.5 |
(1.0) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
71.9 |
(0.7) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
60.2 |
(0.9) |
30.9 |
(0.7) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
82.5 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
75.8 |
(0.8) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
82.2 |
(0.6) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
68.7 |
(0.7) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
70.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
23.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
† |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
† |
63.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
27.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
† |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
† |
|
|
Sweden |
90.1 |
(0.5) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
83.0 |
(0.7) |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
84.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
75.9 |
(1.2) |
† |
16.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
3.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Turkey |
48.4 |
(0.9) |
29.3 |
(0.6) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
52.7 |
(1.0) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
81.2 |
(0.5) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
84.3 |
(0.6) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
80.1 |
(0.8) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
81.2 |
(0.8) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
78.7 |
(0.1) |
15.4 |
(0.1) |
3.1 |
(0.0) |
2.7 |
(0.0) |
72.7 |
(0.1) |
19.5 |
(0.1) |
4.7 |
(0.1) |
3.1 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
68.5 |
(0.8) |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
74.5 |
(0.7) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
55.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
31.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
43.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
38.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
53.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
31.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
43.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
75.8 |
(0.7) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
69.0 |
(0.9) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
53.5 |
(0.9) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
73.7 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
37.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
49.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
36.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
89.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
† |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
† |
79.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
† |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
† |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
98.8 |
(0.1) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
0.2 |
(0.0) |
0.2 |
(0.0) |
93.1 |
(0.5) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
55.9 |
(0.9) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
50.8 |
(1.1) |
32.0 |
(0.9) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
61.2 |
(0.9) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
5.5 |
(0.5) |
59.9 |
(0.7) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
84.3 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
75.9 |
(0.7) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
68.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
18.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
8.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
57.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
24.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
47.9 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
35.1 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
10.0 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
7.0 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
42.8 |
(1.7) |
‡ |
40.7 |
(1.6) |
‡ |
10.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
6.3 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|
|
Georgia |
37.8 |
(0.9) |
39.6 |
(0.9) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
38.8 |
(1.0) |
39.5 |
(0.8) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
93.0 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
92.2 |
(0.4) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
78.9 |
(1.0) |
16.6 |
(0.8) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
73.5 |
(1.0) |
21.5 |
(0.8) |
3.5 |
(0.4) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
46.8 |
(0.7) |
36.8 |
(0.8) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
54.6 |
(0.9) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
47.9 |
(0.7) |
37.2 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.2) |
5.6 |
(0.2) |
45.8 |
(0.6) |
37.8 |
(0.5) |
11.0 |
(0.3) |
5.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
54.1 |
(0.8) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
51.9 |
(0.9) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
91.2 |
(0.4) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
86.8 |
(0.6) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
84.2 |
(0.6) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
74.9 |
(1.0) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
49.4 |
(1.0) |
37.1 |
(0.9) |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.5) |
64.0 |
(0.8) |
24.5 |
(0.7) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
60.5 |
(0.9) |
28.1 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
63.5 |
(0.8) |
26.3 |
(0.7) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
42.5 |
(0.7) |
36.1 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
10.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
55.8 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
31.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
40.8 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
40.0 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
13.9 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
5.3 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
42.0 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
43.7 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
8.1 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
6.3 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
43.3 |
(1.6) |
‡ |
42.4 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
10.1 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
4.3 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|
|
Peru |
51.5 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
38.3 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
6.4 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
3.9 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
53.7 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
36.8 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
6.5 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
3.0 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
|
|
Philippines |
71.2 |
(0.9) |
20.8 |
(0.7) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
65.5 |
(0.9) |
25.5 |
(0.7) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
52.8 |
(0.5) |
29.0 |
(0.4) |
11.0 |
(0.3) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
54.3 |
(0.4) |
29.5 |
(0.5) |
11.4 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
49.9 |
(1.1) |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
40.2 |
(1.1) |
40.9 |
(0.9) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
74.7 |
(0.7) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
61.0 |
(1.1) |
26.8 |
(0.8) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
43.8 |
(0.9) |
35.8 |
(0.6) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
44.5 |
(0.9) |
36.8 |
(0.7) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
75.5 |
(0.9) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
58.7 |
(1.0) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
86.8 |
(0.4) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
88.3 |
(0.4) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
94.5 |
(0.3) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
87.0 |
(0.6) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
61.2 |
(1.1) |
30.1 |
(0.8) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
54.4 |
(0.9) |
37.2 |
(0.7) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
62.4 |
(1.0) |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
59.5 |
(1.0) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
71.8 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.4) |
5.0 |
(0.2) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
63.8 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.3) |
4.6 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
47.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
39.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
53.7 |
(1.1) |
† |
34.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Viet Nam |
94.3 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
87.5 |
(0.8) |
10.3 |
(0.6) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
0.6 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported that the following happened in the two weeks prior to the PISA test: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I arrived late for school |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never |
Once or twice |
Three or four times |
Five or more times |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
54.4 |
(0.6) |
29.7 |
(0.5) |
8.4 |
(0.3) |
7.5 |
(0.3) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Austria |
57.9 |
(0.8) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
7.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
31.5 |
(0.5) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Canada |
47.7 |
(0.6) |
30.8 |
(0.4) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chile |
31.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
35.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
18.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
54.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
33.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
3.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
46.2 |
(1.0) |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
52.1 |
(0.9) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
55.3 |
(0.8) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Finland |
55.4 |
(0.8) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
France |
43.0 |
(0.9) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Germany |
54.1 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
29.1 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
8.0 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Greece |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
58.5 |
(1.1) |
28.3 |
(0.8) |
7.9 |
(0.6) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
50.5 |
(0.9) |
28.3 |
(0.9) |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
66.4 |
(1.0) |
24.5 |
(0.8) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Israel |
38.9 |
(0.9) |
32.5 |
(0.5) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Italy |
54.9 |
(1.0) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
10.1 |
(0.6) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Japan |
87.3 |
(0.7) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Korea |
80.8 |
(0.8) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
50.2 |
(0.8) |
30.6 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
31.5 |
(0.7) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
53.0 |
(1.2) |
† |
34.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
51.2 |
(1.1) |
30.6 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.6) |
9.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
52.4 |
(0.9) |
28.8 |
(0.7) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Norway |
50.7 |
(0.9) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Poland |
44.7 |
(1.1) |
29.9 |
(0.6) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
14.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
50.2 |
(0.9) |
32.0 |
(0.7) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
7.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
47.6 |
(1.0) |
31.3 |
(0.8) |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
44.8 |
(0.7) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Spain |
56.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
27.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
9.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
47.0 |
(0.9) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
49.6 |
(1.4) |
† |
29.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
11.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
9.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
52.5 |
(0.8) |
28.4 |
(0.7) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
60.6 |
(0.9) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United States* |
56.7 |
(1.0) |
30.3 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
52.4 |
(0.2) |
29.5 |
(0.1) |
9.7 |
(0.1) |
8.5 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
56.3 |
(0.7) |
30.4 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
47.4 |
(1.1) |
† |
28.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
39.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
9.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
53.5 |
(0.8) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
54.7 |
(1.0) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
56.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
29.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
48.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
34.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
7.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
66.8 |
(0.8) |
27.2 |
(0.6) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
42.9 |
(1.0) |
31.8 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
49.4 |
(0.9) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
50.6 |
(1.0) |
31.5 |
(0.7) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
37.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
28.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
49.7 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
32.0 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
10.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
7.9 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
39.5 |
(1.1) |
33.8 |
(0.8) |
13.2 |
(0.7) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
75.4 |
(0.7) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
48.4 |
(1.2) |
39.3 |
(0.9) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
50.2 |
(1.0) |
27.9 |
(0.8) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
45.7 |
(0.7) |
38.5 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.3) |
5.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
61.7 |
(0.9) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
71.6 |
(0.6) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
63.1 |
(0.8) |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malta |
68.1 |
(0.9) |
20.7 |
(0.9) |
6.5 |
(0.5) |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
41.5 |
(1.1) |
38.4 |
(0.7) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
33.4 |
(0.6) |
38.7 |
(0.6) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
40.7 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
36.2 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
15.7 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
7.4 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Panama |
41.3 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
36.6 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
12.8 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
9.3 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Peru |
37.7 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
38.1 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
13.7 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
10.4 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
38.9 |
(0.8) |
39.6 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
46.7 |
(0.4) |
30.4 |
(0.4) |
13.7 |
(0.3) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Romania |
42.4 |
(1.0) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Russia |
43.4 |
(0.8) |
32.3 |
(0.9) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
13.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
44.5 |
(0.8) |
30.9 |
(0.6) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
38.9 |
(1.1) |
34.3 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
13.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
62.6 |
(0.6) |
26.0 |
(0.5) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
62.0 |
(1.0) |
25.5 |
(0.7) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
56.2 |
(1.0) |
28.3 |
(0.8) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
37.6 |
(1.1) |
37.0 |
(0.8) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
54.8 |
(0.6) |
27.7 |
(0.5) |
11.0 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
32.1 |
(1.2) |
† |
39.4 |
(1.0) |
† |
15.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
55.4 |
(1.0) |
36.4 |
(0.8) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.5.1. Teacher enthusiasm
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of teacher enthusiasm |
Percentage of students who reported the following about their language-of-instruction lessons: |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
It was clear to me that the teacher liked teaching us |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
0.20 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
15.9 |
(0.4) |
53.1 |
(0.5) |
25.1 |
(0.5) |
||||||
|
Austria |
- 0.09 |
(0.02) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
21.0 |
(0.7) |
39.3 |
(0.8) |
26.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Belgium |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
50.2 |
(0.7) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Chile |
0.32 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
49.7 |
(0.9) |
35.4 |
(1.1) |
|||||||
|
Colombia |
0.34 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
56.0 |
(0.8) |
31.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.31 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
11.9 |
(0.7) |
25.0 |
(0.8) |
48.1 |
(0.9) |
15.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Denmark |
0.19 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
54.3 |
(0.8) |
28.3 |
(1.0) |
|||||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.08 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
52.4 |
(0.8) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Finland |
- 0.15 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
54.8 |
(0.8) |
16.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
France |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
9.9 |
(0.6) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
46.2 |
(0.7) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Germany |
- 0.12 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
43.3 |
(1.0) |
26.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Greece |
- 0.22 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Hungary |
- 0.03 |
(0.03) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
10.5 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.9) |
48.3 |
(0.9) |
20.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Iceland |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
18.2 |
(0.7) |
50.6 |
(0.9) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Ireland |
0.14 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
17.6 |
(0.7) |
54.8 |
(0.8) |
21.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Israel |
- 0.08 |
(0.03) |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
13.8 |
(0.8) |
20.6 |
(0.8) |
43.8 |
(0.9) |
21.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Italy |
- 0.07 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
54.2 |
(0.7) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Japan |
- 0.24 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
47.7 |
(0.8) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Korea |
0.44 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
59.1 |
(0.7) |
29.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Latvia |
- 0.20 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
30.2 |
(0.8) |
48.9 |
(1.0) |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Lithuania |
- 0.08 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
49.6 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Luxembourg |
- 0.16 |
(0.01) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
45.3 |
(0.7) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Mexico |
0.26 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
59.1 |
(0.8) |
25.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Netherlands* |
- 0.18 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
6.8 |
(0.6) |
20.8 |
(0.9) |
55.1 |
(1.0) |
17.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
New Zealand |
0.23 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
54.3 |
(0.7) |
26.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Norway |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
51.3 |
(0.8) |
28.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Poland |
- 0.24 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
21.0 |
(0.8) |
49.5 |
(0.8) |
18.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Portugal* |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
20.1 |
(0.7) |
53.2 |
(0.8) |
19.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.27 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
23.2 |
(0.8) |
51.5 |
(0.9) |
14.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Slovenia |
- 0.10 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
50.9 |
(0.8) |
19.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Spain |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
9.2 |
(0.3) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
48.0 |
(0.5) |
26.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Sweden |
0.01 |
(0.03) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
19.8 |
(0.7) |
50.0 |
(0.8) |
22.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Switzerland |
0.11 |
(0.03) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
8.2 |
(0.6) |
15.4 |
(0.7) |
44.3 |
(0.9) |
32.1 |
(1.1) |
|||||||
|
Turkey |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
45.0 |
(0.7) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
United Kingdom |
0.23 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
51.9 |
(0.8) |
27.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
United States* |
0.25 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
56.1 |
(0.9) |
25.6 |
(1.0) |
|||||||
|
OECD average |
0.01 |
(0.00) |
0.98 |
(0.00) |
8.4 |
(0.1) |
18.5 |
(0.1) |
50.6 |
(0.1) |
22.6 |
(0.1) |
|||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.81 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
41.5 |
(0.8) |
53.5 |
(0.8) |
||||||
|
Argentina |
0.21 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
49.8 |
(0.8) |
33.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.28 |
(0.02) |
1.18 |
(0.01) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
47.6 |
(0.8) |
32.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Belarus |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
19.3 |
(0.7) |
59.2 |
(0.9) |
16.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
- 0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
56.3 |
(0.8) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Brazil |
0.22 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
55.9 |
(0.7) |
28.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
0.22 |
(0.01) |
0.76 |
(0.01) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
12.0 |
(0.4) |
64.6 |
(0.6) |
20.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.29 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
18.8 |
(0.8) |
51.3 |
(0.7) |
24.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Bulgaria |
- 0.02 |
(0.03) |
1.10 |
(0.01) |
15.1 |
(0.8) |
16.2 |
(0.7) |
47.5 |
(0.9) |
21.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.28 |
(0.03) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
47.1 |
(0.9) |
39.2 |
(1.1) |
|||||||
|
Croatia |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
52.2 |
(0.6) |
22.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Cyprus |
- 0.12 |
(0.01) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
45.9 |
(0.7) |
20.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.31 |
(0.02) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
49.3 |
(0.9) |
34.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Georgia |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
56.9 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
14.4 |
(0.6) |
61.2 |
(0.8) |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
0.82 |
(0.01) |
3.8 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
62.1 |
(0.9) |
27.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Jordan |
0.27 |
(0.02) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
12.3 |
(0.7) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
46.9 |
(0.8) |
30.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
0.33 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
7.6 |
(0.2) |
57.0 |
(0.5) |
28.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.48 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
51.3 |
(0.8) |
39.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Macao (China) |
- 0.12 |
(0.01) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
25.8 |
(0.7) |
57.6 |
(0.8) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.23 |
(0.02) |
0.78 |
(0.01) |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
62.3 |
(0.8) |
24.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Malta |
0.22 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
48.4 |
(0.8) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Moldova |
0.30 |
(0.02) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
60.6 |
(0.8) |
24.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Montenegro |
0.10 |
(0.01) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
54.7 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||
|
Morocco |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
51.3 |
(0.8) |
17.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Panama |
0.37 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
34.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Peru |
0.28 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
62.9 |
(0.7) |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Philippines |
0.30 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
58.4 |
(0.8) |
26.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Qatar |
0.09 |
(0.01) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
11.5 |
(0.3) |
14.6 |
(0.3) |
48.3 |
(0.5) |
25.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||
|
Romania |
0.24 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
5.0 |
(0.5) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
55.8 |
(1.0) |
29.9 |
(1.0) |
|||||||
|
Russia |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
22.0 |
(0.8) |
53.3 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.22 |
(0.03) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
9.5 |
(0.6) |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
52.0 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(1.1) |
|||||||
|
Serbia |
0.01 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
53.6 |
(0.7) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Singapore |
0.27 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
5.1 |
(0.2) |
15.8 |
(0.4) |
54.6 |
(0.6) |
24.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
53.3 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Thailand |
0.33 |
(0.02) |
0.79 |
(0.01) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
66.1 |
(0.7) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Ukraine |
- 0.09 |
(0.02) |
0.85 |
(0.01) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
59.1 |
(0.7) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.27 |
(0.02) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
46.0 |
(0.5) |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Uruguay |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
7.8 |
(0.6) |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
58.1 |
(0.8) |
22.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Viet Nam |
0.31 |
(0.03) |
0.80 |
(0.01) |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
15.5 |
(0.7) |
59.8 |
(0.8) |
20.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following about their language-of-instruction lessons: |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
The enthusiasm of the teacher inspired me |
It was clear that the teacher likes to deal with the topic of the lesson |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
8.9 |
(0.3) |
29.0 |
(0.5) |
42.9 |
(0.5) |
19.3 |
(0.5) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
10.2 |
(0.3) |
57.6 |
(0.5) |
28.5 |
(0.4) |
||
|
Austria |
25.1 |
(0.8) |
35.6 |
(0.6) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
41.7 |
(0.8) |
33.1 |
(0.9) |
|||
|
Belgium |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
39.8 |
(0.6) |
16.1 |
(0.7) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
58.5 |
(0.6) |
23.6 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||
|
Chile |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
23.9 |
(0.8) |
44.6 |
(0.8) |
21.7 |
(0.9) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
51.1 |
(0.9) |
35.4 |
(1.0) |
|||
|
Colombia |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
21.0 |
(0.7) |
52.7 |
(0.8) |
20.4 |
(0.8) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
59.2 |
(0.7) |
30.2 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Czech Republic |
16.0 |
(0.8) |
42.3 |
(0.7) |
33.4 |
(0.8) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
53.7 |
(0.9) |
21.5 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Denmark |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
35.4 |
(1.0) |
43.1 |
(0.9) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
56.9 |
(0.8) |
29.4 |
(0.9) |
|||
|
Estonia |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
30.5 |
(0.9) |
45.9 |
(0.9) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
57.2 |
(0.7) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Finland |
15.0 |
(0.7) |
41.7 |
(0.9) |
34.3 |
(0.7) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
59.5 |
(0.8) |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
France |
16.9 |
(0.7) |
30.8 |
(0.6) |
35.8 |
(0.8) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
54.3 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Germany |
23.1 |
(0.8) |
41.3 |
(0.8) |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
46.9 |
(0.7) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Greece |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
36.3 |
(0.6) |
38.1 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
56.9 |
(0.7) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Hungary |
12.2 |
(0.7) |
28.4 |
(0.8) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
15.2 |
(0.7) |
7.9 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
53.1 |
(0.8) |
23.4 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Iceland |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
32.8 |
(0.8) |
40.5 |
(1.0) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
53.8 |
(0.8) |
23.4 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Ireland |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
31.2 |
(0.8) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
18.1 |
(0.7) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
61.9 |
(0.7) |
23.7 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Israel |
17.5 |
(0.8) |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
33.4 |
(0.8) |
17.1 |
(0.8) |
8.8 |
(0.6) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
46.9 |
(0.9) |
29.7 |
(1.1) |
|||
|
Italy |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
58.5 |
(0.7) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Japan |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
39.6 |
(0.6) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
43.5 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Korea |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
53.5 |
(0.6) |
28.7 |
(0.9) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
58.4 |
(0.7) |
30.2 |
(0.9) |
|||
|
Latvia |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
44.2 |
(0.9) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
60.1 |
(0.8) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Lithuania |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
24.6 |
(0.6) |
41.0 |
(0.7) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
50.0 |
(0.7) |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Luxembourg |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
34.2 |
(0.6) |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
48.9 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Mexico |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
24.5 |
(0.8) |
51.1 |
(0.8) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
58.5 |
(0.8) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Netherlands* |
13.4 |
(0.7) |
42.1 |
(0.9) |
34.7 |
(0.9) |
9.8 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
22.1 |
(0.8) |
59.4 |
(0.8) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
New Zealand |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
19.7 |
(0.7) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
59.6 |
(0.7) |
27.2 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Norway |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
37.3 |
(0.7) |
15.3 |
(0.7) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
55.3 |
(0.8) |
25.3 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Poland |
16.1 |
(0.7) |
34.6 |
(0.8) |
38.1 |
(0.8) |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
54.9 |
(0.8) |
17.0 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Portugal* |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
45.7 |
(0.9) |
16.5 |
(0.8) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
58.6 |
(0.8) |
22.8 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Slovak Republic |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
41.3 |
(0.8) |
37.2 |
(1.0) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
58.9 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Slovenia |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
38.6 |
(0.6) |
33.8 |
(0.8) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
55.5 |
(0.8) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Spain |
14.3 |
(0.4) |
31.9 |
(0.5) |
38.5 |
(0.5) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
13.7 |
(0.3) |
50.7 |
(0.5) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Sweden |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
35.6 |
(0.8) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.7) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
52.5 |
(0.9) |
22.8 |
(1.0) |
|||
|
Switzerland |
17.7 |
(0.7) |
33.0 |
(1.0) |
35.4 |
(1.0) |
13.8 |
(0.7) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
15.4 |
(0.7) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
30.8 |
(1.0) |
|||
|
Turkey |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
29.2 |
(0.7) |
39.0 |
(0.7) |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.8) |
19.3 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
United Kingdom |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
27.6 |
(0.6) |
43.4 |
(0.7) |
20.7 |
(0.7) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
57.3 |
(0.7) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
United States* |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
27.6 |
(0.8) |
44.1 |
(0.8) |
21.0 |
(0.8) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
58.2 |
(0.9) |
27.8 |
(1.0) |
|||
|
OECD average |
12.9 |
(0.1) |
32.2 |
(0.1) |
39.9 |
(0.1) |
15.1 |
(0.1) |
6.0 |
(0.1) |
15.3 |
(0.1) |
54.6 |
(0.1) |
24.1 |
(0.1) |
|||
|
Partners |
Albania |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
47.3 |
(0.7) |
39.1 |
(0.8) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
43.0 |
(0.9) |
51.1 |
(1.0) |
||
|
Argentina |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
46.5 |
(0.8) |
19.9 |
(0.8) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
9.3 |
(0.6) |
56.3 |
(0.8) |
28.5 |
(0.9) |
|||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
47.2 |
(0.8) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
50.1 |
(0.8) |
32.7 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Belarus |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
32.3 |
(0.9) |
48.6 |
(0.8) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
61.5 |
(0.9) |
27.2 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
27.9 |
(0.8) |
47.8 |
(0.8) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
59.2 |
(0.8) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Brazil |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
45.6 |
(0.6) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
60.4 |
(0.5) |
26.3 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
23.0 |
(0.5) |
57.8 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.4) |
1.9 |
(0.1) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
70.5 |
(0.5) |
17.7 |
(0.4) |
|||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
19.0 |
(0.5) |
52.1 |
(0.7) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
54.6 |
(0.6) |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Bulgaria |
14.7 |
(0.7) |
24.1 |
(0.8) |
42.7 |
(1.0) |
18.5 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
52.4 |
(0.9) |
24.7 |
(0.9) |
|||
|
Costa Rica |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
24.1 |
(0.8) |
44.5 |
(0.9) |
21.7 |
(1.2) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
49.9 |
(0.9) |
33.5 |
(1.1) |
|||
|
Croatia |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
39.3 |
(0.6) |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
53.2 |
(0.7) |
23.5 |
(0.5) |
|||
|
Cyprus |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
32.1 |
(0.6) |
37.0 |
(0.6) |
15.0 |
(0.5) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
50.5 |
(0.7) |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Dominican Republic |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
48.9 |
(0.8) |
27.8 |
(0.8) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
53.3 |
(0.9) |
29.1 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Georgia |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
21.4 |
(0.7) |
51.9 |
(0.9) |
16.8 |
(0.7) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
57.7 |
(0.7) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
28.6 |
(0.8) |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
63.9 |
(0.8) |
15.2 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Indonesia |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
8.1 |
(0.6) |
58.3 |
(0.8) |
30.3 |
(0.8) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
68.3 |
(0.8) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Jordan |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
30.8 |
(1.0) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
52.6 |
(0.8) |
31.2 |
(0.9) |
|||
|
Kazakhstan |
6.5 |
(0.2) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
54.3 |
(0.5) |
27.0 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.2) |
6.8 |
(0.2) |
60.9 |
(0.4) |
26.4 |
(0.5) |
|||
|
Kosovo |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
53.9 |
(0.8) |
23.3 |
(0.7) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
54.8 |
(0.7) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||
|
Macao (China) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
50.4 |
(0.8) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
56.3 |
(0.8) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
|||
|
Malaysia |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
10.1 |
(0.7) |
54.0 |
(0.8) |
34.3 |
(1.0) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
9.8 |
(0.6) |
64.3 |
(0.7) |
24.2 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Malta |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
56.6 |
(0.9) |
26.7 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Moldova |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
20.6 |
(0.8) |
55.4 |
(0.7) |
19.9 |
(0.9) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
63.0 |
(0.7) |
25.0 |
(0.9) |
|||
|
Montenegro |
13.3 |
(0.4) |
25.9 |
(0.5) |
44.3 |
(0.6) |
16.5 |
(0.4) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
54.6 |
(0.6) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
Morocco |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
54.4 |
(0.6) |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||
|
Panama |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.7) |
47.5 |
(0.7) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
51.8 |
(0.9) |
34.7 |
(1.0) |
|||
|
Peru |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
54.9 |
(0.7) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
61.2 |
(0.7) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Philippines |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
58.5 |
(0.7) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
61.2 |
(0.8) |
23.9 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Qatar |
10.9 |
(0.3) |
23.5 |
(0.4) |
43.3 |
(0.4) |
22.2 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.2) |
13.3 |
(0.3) |
52.7 |
(0.4) |
26.2 |
(0.4) |
|||
|
Romania |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
48.1 |
(0.8) |
19.7 |
(0.8) |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
57.2 |
(0.9) |
25.4 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Russia |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
27.3 |
(0.9) |
48.3 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
59.8 |
(0.8) |
20.6 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Saudi Arabia |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
32.7 |
(0.9) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
53.9 |
(0.7) |
27.4 |
(0.9) |
|||
|
Serbia |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
53.7 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Singapore |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
21.7 |
(0.5) |
47.9 |
(0.6) |
24.2 |
(0.5) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
59.0 |
(0.6) |
26.1 |
(0.5) |
|||
|
Chinese Taipei |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
49.9 |
(0.8) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
57.6 |
(0.8) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
|||
|
Thailand |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
63.6 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.8) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
69.0 |
(0.7) |
20.2 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Ukraine |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
30.9 |
(0.8) |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
62.4 |
(0.8) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
|||
|
United Arab Emirates |
8.5 |
(0.6) |
18.4 |
(0.5) |
44.3 |
(0.6) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
6.2 |
(0.2) |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
49.8 |
(0.5) |
31.8 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Uruguay |
9.3 |
(0.6) |
27.2 |
(0.9) |
46.0 |
(1.0) |
17.4 |
(0.8) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
60.5 |
(0.8) |
23.3 |
(0.8) |
|||
|
Viet Nam |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.8) |
56.6 |
(0.9) |
29.1 |
(1.2) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
10.7 |
(0.7) |
62.6 |
(1.1) |
24.4 |
(1.2) |
|||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following about their language-of-instruction lessons: |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
The teacher showed enjoyment in teaching |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
5.0 |
(0.2) |
13.1 |
(0.3) |
51.7 |
(0.5) |
30.2 |
(0.5) |
||||||||||
|
Austria |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
18.9 |
(0.7) |
38.9 |
(0.8) |
30.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Belgium |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
50.9 |
(0.7) |
24.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||
|
Chile |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
46.0 |
(0.8) |
34.6 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||
|
Colombia |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
53.3 |
(0.8) |
31.6 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
12.6 |
(0.7) |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
42.5 |
(0.9) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Denmark |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
13.9 |
(0.7) |
55.5 |
(0.8) |
27.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Estonia |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Finland |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
22.1 |
(0.7) |
50.4 |
(0.8) |
19.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
France |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
47.5 |
(0.7) |
27.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Germany |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
28.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Greece |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
47.9 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Hungary |
8.7 |
(0.6) |
18.7 |
(0.7) |
49.9 |
(0.8) |
22.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Iceland |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
52.6 |
(0.9) |
26.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Ireland |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
55.1 |
(0.8) |
28.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Israel |
12.5 |
(0.8) |
20.7 |
(0.7) |
42.3 |
(0.7) |
24.6 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||
|
Italy |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
52.8 |
(0.7) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Japan |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
48.8 |
(0.7) |
21.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Korea |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
57.7 |
(0.8) |
30.3 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||
|
Latvia |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
53.4 |
(0.8) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
19.3 |
(0.5) |
45.7 |
(0.7) |
23.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
45.3 |
(0.7) |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Mexico |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
51.9 |
(0.7) |
32.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
23.2 |
(0.9) |
53.1 |
(1.1) |
16.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
51.0 |
(0.7) |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Norway |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
50.9 |
(0.8) |
25.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Poland |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
27.5 |
(0.8) |
43.6 |
(0.9) |
15.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
53.2 |
(0.9) |
29.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
30.1 |
(1.0) |
46.5 |
(0.9) |
12.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
46.9 |
(0.7) |
24.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Spain |
9.1 |
(0.3) |
18.9 |
(0.5) |
46.0 |
(0.4) |
26.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Sweden |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.8) |
27.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
33.9 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||
|
Turkey |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
45.4 |
(0.7) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
49.1 |
(0.7) |
32.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
United States* |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
51.3 |
(0.9) |
32.0 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||
|
OECD average |
7.8 |
(0.1) |
18.2 |
(0.1) |
49.1 |
(0.1) |
25.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
43.1 |
(0.8) |
49.9 |
(0.9) |
||||||||||
|
Argentina |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
47.3 |
(0.7) |
27.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
45.4 |
(0.7) |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Belarus |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
19.1 |
(0.7) |
56.8 |
(0.7) |
19.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
8.6 |
(0.6) |
16.9 |
(0.7) |
53.0 |
(0.8) |
21.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Brazil |
4.5 |
(0.2) |
12.4 |
(0.4) |
55.5 |
(0.6) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
54.6 |
(0.6) |
30.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
53.1 |
(0.6) |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
17.2 |
(0.8) |
44.9 |
(0.9) |
26.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
15.7 |
(0.7) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
32.0 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||||
|
Croatia |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
20.0 |
(0.5) |
48.6 |
(0.6) |
23.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
12.4 |
(0.4) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
45.5 |
(0.7) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
44.4 |
(0.8) |
36.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Georgia |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
52.6 |
(0.9) |
24.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
58.8 |
(0.8) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
62.9 |
(0.7) |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Jordan |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
43.3 |
(0.8) |
34.9 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
6.7 |
(0.2) |
9.0 |
(0.3) |
54.8 |
(0.5) |
29.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
50.3 |
(0.8) |
36.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
61.0 |
(0.8) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
58.1 |
(0.6) |
25.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Malta |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
45.9 |
(0.9) |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Moldova |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
56.1 |
(0.9) |
30.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
46.2 |
(0.6) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Morocco |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
44.5 |
(0.7) |
26.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||
|
Panama |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
48.5 |
(0.8) |
34.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Peru |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Philippines |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
52.9 |
(0.8) |
33.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Qatar |
10.8 |
(0.3) |
16.4 |
(0.3) |
44.4 |
(0.5) |
28.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||
|
Romania |
6.0 |
(0.5) |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
50.3 |
(0.8) |
30.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Russia |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
23.3 |
(0.7) |
51.0 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
44.9 |
(0.7) |
29.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||
|
Serbia |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
47.9 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Singapore |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
51.4 |
(0.5) |
32.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
57.5 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Thailand |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
62.6 |
(0.7) |
25.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
51.2 |
(0.7) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
14.9 |
(0.4) |
42.7 |
(0.5) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
16.2 |
(0.7) |
52.3 |
(0.9) |
24.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
10.8 |
(0.7) |
58.1 |
(1.1) |
28.5 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.6.1. Teacher support
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of teacher support |
Percentage of students who reported the following things happen in their language-of-instruction lessons: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
The teacher shows an interest in every student's learning |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never or hardly ever |
Some lessons |
Most lessons |
Every lesson |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
0.25 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
5.0 |
(0.2) |
16.3 |
(0.4) |
32.4 |
(0.5) |
46.3 |
(0.6) |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
- 0.45 |
(0.02) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
22.4 |
(0.6) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
- 0.17 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.6) |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
0.44 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
61.6 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
0.34 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
64.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.22 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
32.0 |
(0.7) |
38.0 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
0.14 |
(0.02) |
0.85 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
18.1 |
(0.7) |
40.2 |
(0.6) |
36.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
34.8 |
(0.7) |
25.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
0.21 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
35.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
- 0.22 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
- 0.24 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
25.3 |
(0.7) |
32.1 |
(0.6) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Greece |
- 0.17 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
26.3 |
(0.6) |
27.3 |
(0.6) |
28.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
- 0.16 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
35.3 |
(0.8) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
0.21 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
39.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
0.16 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
30.3 |
(0.7) |
46.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
- 0.09 |
(0.03) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
12.4 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.6) |
28.1 |
(0.8) |
35.7 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
43.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
30.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
0.18 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
39.0 |
(0.6) |
40.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
28.1 |
(0.8) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
26.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
28.4 |
(0.6) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
- 0.22 |
(0.01) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
12.0 |
(0.4) |
22.4 |
(0.6) |
31.3 |
(0.6) |
34.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
0.41 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
23.6 |
(0.7) |
64.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
- 0.43 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
28.2 |
(0.7) |
38.9 |
(0.8) |
21.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
0.25 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
17.9 |
(0.5) |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
44.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
- 0.07 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
40.5 |
(0.7) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
- 0.26 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
26.5 |
(0.6) |
35.5 |
(0.7) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
0.47 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
58.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.18 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
33.0 |
(0.8) |
36.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
- 0.61 |
(0.01) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
18.9 |
(0.5) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
30.7 |
(0.7) |
21.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
0.07 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
6.5 |
(0.2) |
18.7 |
(0.4) |
29.9 |
(0.5) |
44.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
0.14 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
34.7 |
(0.6) |
41.6 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
- 0.15 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
32.5 |
(0.7) |
33.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
0.22 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
27.5 |
(0.7) |
45.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
0.30 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
30.9 |
(0.6) |
48.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
0.15 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
43.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
0.01 |
(0.00) |
0.96 |
(0.00) |
8.6 |
(0.1) |
20.4 |
(0.1) |
32.8 |
(0.1) |
38.2 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.72 |
(0.01) |
0.80 |
(0.01) |
7.4 |
(0.3) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
75.9 |
(0.7) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.02) |
3.3 |
(0.4) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
67.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.50 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
20.2 |
(0.5) |
66.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
0.37 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
24.8 |
(0.6) |
61.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
16.0 |
(0.7) |
25.5 |
(0.7) |
49.9 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
0.43 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
66.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
0.23 |
(0.01) |
0.78 |
(0.01) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
25.3 |
(0.5) |
36.7 |
(0.6) |
34.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.36 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
13.3 |
(0.7) |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
54.1 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
26.0 |
(0.8) |
50.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.47 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
70.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
- 0.34 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
28.5 |
(0.6) |
36.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
- 0.05 |
(0.01) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
14.9 |
(0.4) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.57 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
75.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
0.29 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
16.9 |
(0.7) |
69.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
21.2 |
(0.8) |
41.3 |
(0.7) |
32.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
20.2 |
(0.9) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
51.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
0.60 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.02) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
71.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
0.35 |
(0.01) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
5.0 |
(0.2) |
14.7 |
(0.4) |
31.0 |
(0.5) |
49.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.48 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
58.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
- 0.08 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
25.8 |
(0.7) |
41.0 |
(0.7) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.41 |
(0.02) |
0.81 |
(0.01) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
29.3 |
(0.6) |
49.5 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
0.34 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
26.1 |
(0.8) |
55.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
0.46 |
(0.02) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
61.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
0.12 |
(0.01) |
1.10 |
(0.01) |
7.7 |
(0.3) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
56.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
20.2 |
(0.5) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
0.33 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
64.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Peru |
0.38 |
(0.02) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
64.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
0.46 |
(0.02) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
22.4 |
(0.6) |
62.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
0.38 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
6.0 |
(0.2) |
13.5 |
(0.3) |
24.1 |
(0.4) |
56.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
0.22 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.02) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
18.1 |
(0.7) |
23.3 |
(0.9) |
50.5 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
0.20 |
(0.03) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
17.1 |
(0.9) |
30.6 |
(0.6) |
45.6 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.54 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
67.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
25.5 |
(0.6) |
50.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
0.24 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
38.7 |
(0.7) |
41.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
32.7 |
(0.6) |
24.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
0.33 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
15.4 |
(0.7) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
56.2 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
m |
m |
m |
m |
43.5 |
(0.9) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.38 |
(0.01) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
6.0 |
(0.2) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
23.2 |
(0.4) |
58.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
0.27 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
5.0 |
(0.5) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
27.2 |
(0.8) |
55.3 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
0.38 |
(0.02) |
0.80 |
(0.01) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
8.9 |
(0.6) |
33.1 |
(0.8) |
55.6 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following things happen in their language-of-instruction lessons: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
The teacher gives extra help when students need it |
The teacher helps students with their learning |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never or hardly ever |
Some lessons |
Most lessons |
Every lesson |
Never or hardly ever |
Some lessons |
Most lessons |
Every lesson |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
4.4 |
(0.2) |
14.5 |
(0.4) |
29.9 |
(0.5) |
51.2 |
(0.6) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
11.7 |
(0.3) |
28.4 |
(0.5) |
57.0 |
(0.6) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
27.8 |
(0.6) |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
23.3 |
(0.7) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
25.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
7.7 |
(0.3) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
31.0 |
(0.6) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
28.8 |
(0.6) |
35.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
53.9 |
(1.0) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
64.6 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.7) |
27.4 |
(0.7) |
48.4 |
(1.0) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
25.6 |
(0.6) |
61.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
15.8 |
(0.7) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
49.7 |
(1.0) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
25.2 |
(0.5) |
29.7 |
(0.6) |
31.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
37.7 |
(0.8) |
40.5 |
(1.0) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
35.8 |
(0.8) |
51.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
33.3 |
(0.7) |
40.3 |
(0.8) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
34.2 |
(0.8) |
41.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
54.9 |
(0.8) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
57.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
France |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
23.1 |
(0.6) |
27.4 |
(0.6) |
37.8 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
28.9 |
(0.7) |
39.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
43.1 |
(0.8) |
13.4 |
(0.7) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
33.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Greece |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
23.2 |
(0.6) |
29.6 |
(0.6) |
37.4 |
(0.8) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
18.8 |
(0.5) |
29.2 |
(0.6) |
45.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
19.2 |
(0.8) |
31.3 |
(0.8) |
41.2 |
(0.9) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
37.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
17.4 |
(0.7) |
33.0 |
(0.8) |
44.2 |
(0.7) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
54.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
46.3 |
(0.9) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
27.1 |
(0.7) |
54.0 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
22.8 |
(0.7) |
27.6 |
(0.6) |
37.9 |
(1.0) |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
40.8 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
33.1 |
(0.7) |
39.3 |
(0.8) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
47.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
38.9 |
(0.7) |
42.1 |
(0.9) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
38.8 |
(0.6) |
44.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
41.7 |
(0.8) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
35.6 |
(0.8) |
51.3 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
48.0 |
(1.0) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
30.9 |
(0.6) |
51.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
46.5 |
(0.8) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
28.9 |
(0.6) |
52.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
30.0 |
(0.6) |
41.4 |
(0.6) |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
21.9 |
(0.6) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
32.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
26.3 |
(0.6) |
56.4 |
(0.9) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
25.8 |
(0.7) |
61.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
24.0 |
(0.8) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
30.7 |
(0.9) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
31.6 |
(0.9) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
20.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
30.4 |
(0.6) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
28.4 |
(0.5) |
57.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
22.1 |
(0.8) |
37.3 |
(0.6) |
33.8 |
(0.9) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
37.4 |
(0.8) |
42.2 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
36.9 |
(0.9) |
9.4 |
(0.6) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
61.5 |
(0.8) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
66.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
43.0 |
(0.9) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
28.4 |
(0.7) |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
25.2 |
(0.7) |
28.5 |
(0.6) |
30.9 |
(0.7) |
25.8 |
(0.6) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
9.2 |
(0.3) |
21.9 |
(0.4) |
29.2 |
(0.4) |
39.7 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
16.3 |
(0.4) |
29.2 |
(0.4) |
50.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
42.5 |
(0.8) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
32.0 |
(0.7) |
51.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
44.4 |
(1.0) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
36.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
27.0 |
(0.6) |
46.9 |
(0.8) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
24.6 |
(0.6) |
60.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
53.2 |
(0.9) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
26.1 |
(0.6) |
61.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
18.9 |
(0.7) |
31.2 |
(0.8) |
46.1 |
(1.0) |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
29.9 |
(0.8) |
52.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
6.8 |
(0.1) |
18.5 |
(0.1) |
30.8 |
(0.1) |
43.9 |
(0.1) |
7.3 |
(0.1) |
17.1 |
(0.1) |
29.5 |
(0.1) |
46.1 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
67.3 |
(0.8) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
81.9 |
(0.6) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
55.2 |
(0.9) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
64.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
58.3 |
(0.7) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
19.1 |
(0.5) |
70.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
54.0 |
(0.9) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
21.8 |
(0.6) |
66.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
16.8 |
(0.7) |
26.0 |
(0.6) |
50.4 |
(0.9) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
24.0 |
(0.6) |
38.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
16.3 |
(0.5) |
25.0 |
(0.6) |
52.7 |
(0.6) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
20.4 |
(0.5) |
67.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
16.4 |
(0.4) |
32.6 |
(0.6) |
48.6 |
(0.7) |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
57.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
23.1 |
(0.5) |
62.5 |
(0.8) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
22.0 |
(0.7) |
63.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
24.3 |
(0.6) |
45.6 |
(1.1) |
10.8 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
21.6 |
(0.8) |
52.2 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
58.2 |
(0.7) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
20.8 |
(0.6) |
67.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
38.1 |
(0.7) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
27.7 |
(0.6) |
26.1 |
(0.6) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
29.0 |
(0.6) |
41.5 |
(0.7) |
7.4 |
(0.3) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
48.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
60.9 |
(0.9) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
72.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Georgia |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
44.9 |
(0.9) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
63.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
21.0 |
(0.7) |
38.2 |
(0.6) |
36.1 |
(0.8) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
38.3 |
(0.6) |
39.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
58.0 |
(0.9) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
10.1 |
(0.6) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
68.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
19.0 |
(0.5) |
66.3 |
(0.8) |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
72.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
15.0 |
(0.3) |
29.4 |
(0.4) |
52.1 |
(0.5) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
26.9 |
(0.4) |
61.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
62.5 |
(0.9) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
72.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
23.1 |
(0.8) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
20.8 |
(0.7) |
37.7 |
(0.8) |
37.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
57.3 |
(1.0) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
23.6 |
(0.7) |
65.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
27.1 |
(0.8) |
53.4 |
(0.9) |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
24.7 |
(0.8) |
60.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
23.6 |
(0.8) |
56.2 |
(1.1) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
71.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
15.6 |
(0.4) |
24.8 |
(0.5) |
51.4 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.3) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
48.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
20.7 |
(0.5) |
21.4 |
(0.5) |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
57.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.9) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
60.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Peru |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
27.1 |
(0.7) |
53.1 |
(0.9) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
25.6 |
(0.6) |
61.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Philippines |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
25.8 |
(0.6) |
56.2 |
(0.8) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
65.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
5.3 |
(0.2) |
13.2 |
(0.3) |
23.8 |
(0.4) |
57.7 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
11.2 |
(0.3) |
21.6 |
(0.3) |
63.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
51.5 |
(0.8) |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
60.4 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
53.6 |
(1.2) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
51.3 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
63.7 |
(0.9) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
74.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
51.2 |
(0.9) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
23.1 |
(0.6) |
42.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
35.9 |
(0.6) |
48.0 |
(0.6) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
34.9 |
(0.6) |
52.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
18.1 |
(0.5) |
32.7 |
(0.6) |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
32.0 |
(0.6) |
49.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
27.2 |
(0.6) |
51.5 |
(1.1) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
24.7 |
(0.7) |
57.0 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
25.6 |
(0.5) |
33.6 |
(0.6) |
29.7 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
30.5 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
6.0 |
(0.2) |
13.5 |
(0.4) |
24.3 |
(0.4) |
56.2 |
(0.6) |
4.6 |
(0.2) |
10.7 |
(0.3) |
20.9 |
(0.5) |
63.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
16.5 |
(0.7) |
27.8 |
(0.8) |
48.6 |
(1.2) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
13.4 |
(0.7) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
57.0 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
11.8 |
(0.8) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
54.1 |
(1.0) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
57.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following things happen in their language-of-instruction lessons: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
The teacher continues teaching until students understand |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never or hardly ever |
Some lessons |
Most lessons |
Every lesson |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
17.9 |
(0.4) |
31.3 |
(0.4) |
44.2 |
(0.6) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Austria |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
24.9 |
(0.6) |
28.7 |
(0.6) |
29.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
31.7 |
(0.6) |
38.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chile |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
25.8 |
(0.6) |
56.7 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
27.2 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
14.8 |
(0.8) |
29.1 |
(0.8) |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
25.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
37.4 |
(0.7) |
42.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
32.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Finland |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
36.0 |
(0.6) |
38.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
France |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
28.1 |
(0.6) |
37.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Germany |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Greece |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
25.3 |
(0.6) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
13.8 |
(0.7) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
31.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
16.0 |
(0.7) |
32.5 |
(0.9) |
47.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
30.0 |
(0.6) |
43.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Israel |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.7) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
45.3 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Italy |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
30.9 |
(0.7) |
39.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Japan |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
39.1 |
(0.7) |
37.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Korea |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
36.8 |
(0.6) |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
33.3 |
(0.7) |
41.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
20.9 |
(0.5) |
30.3 |
(0.6) |
41.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
30.5 |
(0.6) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
51.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
29.1 |
(0.8) |
35.7 |
(0.8) |
25.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.5) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Norway |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
32.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Poland |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
25.3 |
(0.6) |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
26.5 |
(0.6) |
56.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
25.9 |
(0.6) |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
32.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
30.0 |
(0.8) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Spain |
7.6 |
(0.3) |
21.1 |
(0.4) |
29.2 |
(0.4) |
42.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
17.6 |
(0.7) |
32.6 |
(0.8) |
43.5 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
20.7 |
(0.8) |
31.4 |
(0.7) |
38.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
18.4 |
(0.5) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
46.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United States* |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
25.3 |
(0.7) |
31.1 |
(0.7) |
36.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
8.7 |
(0.1) |
20.8 |
(0.1) |
31.1 |
(0.1) |
39.4 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
78.5 |
(0.7) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
5.8 |
(0.5) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
55.7 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
64.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
29.5 |
(0.6) |
46.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
10.8 |
(0.6) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
24.7 |
(0.5) |
43.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
13.5 |
(0.4) |
21.0 |
(0.5) |
60.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
14.8 |
(0.4) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
51.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
30.8 |
(0.6) |
45.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
53.6 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
56.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
21.6 |
(0.5) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
38.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
68.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
59.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
23.6 |
(0.8) |
37.1 |
(0.7) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
14.0 |
(0.7) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
61.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
73.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
10.8 |
(0.3) |
28.1 |
(0.4) |
57.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
72.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
36.6 |
(0.7) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
26.7 |
(0.7) |
57.7 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malta |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
25.4 |
(0.8) |
54.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
3.5 |
(0.4) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
64.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
22.0 |
(0.6) |
49.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
57.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Panama |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
22.7 |
(0.7) |
53.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Peru |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
26.2 |
(0.6) |
52.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
64.4 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
6.8 |
(0.2) |
13.3 |
(0.3) |
21.9 |
(0.3) |
58.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Romania |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
59.2 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Russia |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
25.3 |
(0.6) |
51.4 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
69.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
24.2 |
(0.5) |
45.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
36.7 |
(0.7) |
41.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
25.0 |
(0.6) |
33.8 |
(0.6) |
36.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.7) |
26.2 |
(0.6) |
52.4 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
18.2 |
(0.5) |
29.7 |
(0.6) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
6.9 |
(0.2) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
21.7 |
(0.4) |
58.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
16.1 |
(0.7) |
26.3 |
(0.8) |
52.7 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
12.3 |
(0.8) |
32.9 |
(0.8) |
52.2 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.6.2. Teacher emotional support
|
|||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following occurred during the previous two language-of-instruction lessons: |
|||||||||||||||||
|
The teacher made me feel confident in my ability to do well in the course |
The teacher listened to my view on how to do things |
||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||
|
OECD |
Australia |
7.9 |
(0.3) |
13.9 |
(0.4) |
56.0 |
(0.6) |
22.2 |
(0.5) |
8.7 |
(0.3) |
17.7 |
(0.4) |
55.1 |
(0.5) |
18.5 |
(0.4) |
|
Austria |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
39.3 |
(0.6) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
39.3 |
(0.6) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Belgium |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
16.9 |
(0.7) |
57.5 |
(0.7) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
56.2 |
(0.8) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Chile |
13.1 |
(0.4) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
50.1 |
(0.8) |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
48.1 |
(0.8) |
24.5 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Colombia |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
56.1 |
(0.8) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
55.0 |
(0.7) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Czech Republic |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
46.4 |
(0.9) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
45.1 |
(0.9) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Denmark |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
60.0 |
(0.6) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
19.7 |
(0.8) |
57.2 |
(0.8) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Estonia |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
51.0 |
(0.8) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
50.0 |
(0.8) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Finland |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
21.9 |
(0.6) |
55.7 |
(0.8) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
|
|
France |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
46.6 |
(0.8) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
24.6 |
(0.6) |
46.0 |
(0.8) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Germany |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
43.1 |
(0.9) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
42.4 |
(0.9) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Greece |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
17.3 |
(0.5) |
56.7 |
(0.7) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
20.9 |
(0.5) |
53.0 |
(0.6) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Hungary |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
56.2 |
(0.8) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
49.8 |
(0.8) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Iceland |
15.2 |
(0.7) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(1.0) |
21.3 |
(0.8) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
51.5 |
(0.8) |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Ireland |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
55.8 |
(0.7) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Israel |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
47.9 |
(0.8) |
23.9 |
(0.9) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
21.2 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Italy |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
59.3 |
(0.7) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
53.7 |
(0.8) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Japan |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
42.9 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
36.5 |
(0.7) |
39.5 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Korea |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
53.8 |
(0.6) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
54.1 |
(0.7) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Latvia |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
54.0 |
(0.7) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
52.9 |
(0.8) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Lithuania |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
48.9 |
(0.7) |
24.3 |
(0.6) |
14.7 |
(0.4) |
18.2 |
(0.5) |
44.3 |
(0.7) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Luxembourg |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
20.5 |
(0.5) |
47.2 |
(0.7) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
17.2 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Mexico |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
53.7 |
(0.9) |
25.5 |
(0.9) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
54.5 |
(0.8) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Netherlands* |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
16.4 |
(0.8) |
64.0 |
(1.0) |
13.8 |
(0.7) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
23.9 |
(0.9) |
58.5 |
(0.9) |
9.5 |
(0.6) |
|
|
New Zealand |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
55.7 |
(0.7) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
56.4 |
(0.7) |
18.8 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Norway |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
51.0 |
(0.7) |
20.8 |
(0.6) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
52.1 |
(0.6) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Poland |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
55.3 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
25.9 |
(0.6) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Portugal* |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
15.9 |
(0.7) |
55.5 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
58.1 |
(0.8) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Slovak Republic |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
28.4 |
(0.7) |
48.0 |
(0.7) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Slovenia |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
52.9 |
(0.8) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
27.2 |
(0.7) |
48.7 |
(0.7) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Spain |
10.2 |
(0.3) |
17.6 |
(0.4) |
50.3 |
(0.5) |
21.9 |
(0.4) |
12.9 |
(0.4) |
21.5 |
(0.4) |
48.3 |
(0.5) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Sweden |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
18.9 |
(0.7) |
50.4 |
(0.6) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
53.7 |
(0.7) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Switzerland |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
47.4 |
(0.8) |
17.8 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
46.7 |
(0.6) |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Turkey |
14.4 |
(0.6) |
21.9 |
(0.6) |
46.1 |
(0.8) |
17.7 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
24.5 |
(0.6) |
45.6 |
(0.7) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
|
|
United Kingdom |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
55.0 |
(0.7) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.3) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
54.9 |
(0.6) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
|
|
United States* |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
56.1 |
(0.8) |
24.6 |
(0.8) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
19.6 |
(0.8) |
53.2 |
(0.8) |
18.4 |
(0.7) |
|
|
OECD average |
10.5 |
(0.1) |
18.5 |
(0.1) |
52.1 |
(0.1) |
18.9 |
(0.1) |
11.3 |
(0.1) |
21.7 |
(0.1) |
50.7 |
(0.1) |
16.4 |
(0.1) |
|
|
Partners |
Albania |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
45.4 |
(0.8) |
45.8 |
(0.7) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
48.6 |
(0.7) |
35.2 |
(0.7) |
|
Argentina |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
55.9 |
(0.7) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
53.5 |
(0.6) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
42.2 |
(0.6) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Belarus |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
59.2 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
57.4 |
(0.7) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
54.9 |
(0.8) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
51.4 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Brazil |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.4) |
55.0 |
(0.6) |
16.4 |
(0.4) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
54.0 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
9.8 |
(0.3) |
66.7 |
(0.5) |
20.1 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
18.5 |
(0.4) |
66.2 |
(0.5) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
12.7 |
(0.4) |
56.5 |
(0.7) |
25.9 |
(0.8) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
55.3 |
(0.7) |
25.7 |
(0.9) |
|
|
Bulgaria |
16.7 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.7) |
46.3 |
(0.8) |
22.0 |
(0.8) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
14.5 |
(0.7) |
49.7 |
(0.7) |
23.6 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Costa Rica |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
49.4 |
(0.7) |
30.6 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
50.9 |
(0.7) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Croatia |
12.5 |
(0.4) |
25.5 |
(0.7) |
49.0 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
28.1 |
(0.6) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Cyprus |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
50.1 |
(0.7) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
45.0 |
(0.7) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
43.3 |
(0.8) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Georgia |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
53.6 |
(0.9) |
19.8 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
53.7 |
(0.7) |
22.4 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
19.4 |
(0.8) |
59.1 |
(0.8) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
18.5 |
(0.7) |
60.4 |
(0.8) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Indonesia |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
59.4 |
(1.0) |
30.8 |
(0.9) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
66.3 |
(1.0) |
21.3 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Jordan |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
48.3 |
(0.9) |
28.9 |
(0.8) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
51.4 |
(0.9) |
28.3 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Kazakhstan |
11.9 |
(0.3) |
7.3 |
(0.3) |
55.0 |
(0.5) |
25.9 |
(0.5) |
11.2 |
(0.3) |
12.1 |
(0.3) |
54.4 |
(0.5) |
22.3 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Kosovo |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
50.8 |
(0.8) |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
51.4 |
(0.8) |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Macao (China) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
61.7 |
(0.8) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
25.6 |
(0.6) |
58.6 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Malaysia |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
8.1 |
(0.6) |
61.7 |
(0.8) |
27.1 |
(0.9) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
64.0 |
(0.7) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Malta |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
50.1 |
(0.9) |
31.5 |
(0.9) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
53.1 |
(0.8) |
23.1 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Moldova |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
59.3 |
(0.8) |
17.7 |
(0.7) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
15.0 |
(0.7) |
60.6 |
(0.8) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Montenegro |
14.3 |
(0.4) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
51.3 |
(0.6) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
52.2 |
(0.6) |
19.2 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Morocco |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
55.6 |
(0.8) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
52.4 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Panama |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
10.8 |
(0.6) |
47.6 |
(0.7) |
28.2 |
(0.7) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
49.3 |
(0.8) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Peru |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
58.3 |
(0.8) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
60.4 |
(0.7) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Philippines |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
59.2 |
(0.9) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
62.7 |
(0.8) |
16.8 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Qatar |
14.5 |
(0.3) |
15.0 |
(0.3) |
47.7 |
(0.4) |
22.8 |
(0.4) |
13.2 |
(0.3) |
19.0 |
(0.4) |
48.3 |
(0.4) |
19.4 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Romania |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
54.4 |
(0.8) |
26.0 |
(0.8) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
19.3 |
(0.7) |
56.0 |
(0.9) |
16.2 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Russia |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
21.1 |
(0.7) |
52.0 |
(0.7) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
30.1 |
(0.9) |
43.9 |
(0.7) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Saudi Arabia |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
54.3 |
(0.8) |
23.1 |
(0.9) |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
52.0 |
(0.8) |
21.9 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Serbia |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
52.8 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
28.2 |
(0.5) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Singapore |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
59.5 |
(0.7) |
19.5 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
60.2 |
(0.6) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Chinese Taipei |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
61.6 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
62.1 |
(0.7) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Thailand |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
71.3 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
69.9 |
(0.7) |
16.9 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Ukraine |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
57.4 |
(0.9) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
56.4 |
(0.8) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
|
|
United Arab Emirates |
11.3 |
(0.3) |
10.6 |
(0.3) |
49.3 |
(0.5) |
28.8 |
(0.5) |
10.1 |
(0.3) |
13.9 |
(0.3) |
49.3 |
(0.5) |
26.7 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Uruguay |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
53.3 |
(0.8) |
23.9 |
(0.8) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
18.1 |
(0.8) |
53.4 |
(0.8) |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Viet Nam |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
16.1 |
(0.9) |
63.9 |
(0.9) |
16.2 |
(0.7) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
12.9 |
(0.8) |
62.0 |
(0.9) |
21.7 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Percentage of students who reported the following occurred during the previous two language-of-instruction lessons: |
|||||||||||||||||
|
I felt that my teacher understood me |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
9.2 |
(0.3) |
16.6 |
(0.4) |
53.4 |
(0.5) |
20.7 |
(0.4) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
19.2 |
(0.5) |
39.8 |
(0.6) |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
54.1 |
(0.7) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
13.6 |
(0.4) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
25.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
55.0 |
(0.8) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
49.4 |
(0.8) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
13.9 |
(0.7) |
57.7 |
(0.7) |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
19.0 |
(0.5) |
55.0 |
(0.6) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
55.9 |
(0.9) |
16.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
France |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
23.2 |
(0.6) |
45.2 |
(0.7) |
14.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
45.7 |
(0.8) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Greece |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
21.3 |
(0.5) |
50.4 |
(0.6) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
52.1 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.7) |
49.3 |
(0.8) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
56.9 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
43.0 |
(0.8) |
23.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
50.9 |
(0.8) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
45.3 |
(0.7) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
53.0 |
(0.6) |
23.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
12.0 |
(0.4) |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
51.8 |
(0.7) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
46.8 |
(0.7) |
26.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
19.0 |
(0.5) |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
21.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
53.2 |
(0.8) |
19.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
16.4 |
(0.8) |
62.9 |
(0.9) |
14.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
53.2 |
(0.7) |
22.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
51.2 |
(0.7) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
19.0 |
(0.5) |
56.3 |
(0.7) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
57.5 |
(0.7) |
20.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
53.2 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
54.9 |
(0.8) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
12.8 |
(0.3) |
21.9 |
(0.4) |
46.9 |
(0.4) |
18.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
51.8 |
(0.7) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
45.8 |
(0.7) |
24.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
22.4 |
(0.6) |
42.5 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
7.9 |
(0.3) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
53.6 |
(0.7) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
20.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
10.8 |
(0.1) |
19.0 |
(0.1) |
51.0 |
(0.1) |
19.1 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
46.1 |
(0.8) |
40.5 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
52.5 |
(0.7) |
21.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
45.9 |
(0.8) |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
56.6 |
(0.8) |
18.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
51.0 |
(0.8) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
21.5 |
(0.5) |
51.5 |
(0.6) |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
20.5 |
(0.5) |
59.4 |
(0.6) |
14.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
52.6 |
(0.6) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
48.0 |
(0.9) |
22.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.6) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
12.4 |
(0.4) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
43.4 |
(0.7) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
44.8 |
(0.8) |
28.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Georgia |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
50.3 |
(0.8) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
22.3 |
(0.8) |
54.9 |
(0.8) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
64.9 |
(1.0) |
18.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
31.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
11.2 |
(0.3) |
8.4 |
(0.3) |
52.9 |
(0.4) |
27.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
53.6 |
(0.8) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
12.4 |
(0.4) |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
45.8 |
(0.7) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
59.5 |
(0.8) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
51.4 |
(0.9) |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
59.9 |
(0.8) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
12.4 |
(0.4) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
50.2 |
(0.6) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
50.6 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
49.2 |
(0.8) |
26.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Peru |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
59.5 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Philippines |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
61.2 |
(0.8) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
15.1 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.3) |
44.4 |
(0.4) |
22.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.7) |
56.0 |
(1.0) |
23.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
49.5 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
45.6 |
(0.7) |
24.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
51.5 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
57.2 |
(0.6) |
17.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
46.3 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
66.8 |
(0.6) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
58.6 |
(0.9) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
11.9 |
(0.3) |
15.4 |
(0.4) |
46.2 |
(0.5) |
26.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
17.4 |
(0.8) |
53.5 |
(0.9) |
18.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
26.2 |
(1.0) |
55.3 |
(1.0) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.6.3. Teacher feedback
|
|||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Index of perceived feedback |
Percentage of students who reported the following things occur in their language-of-instruction lessons: |
||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
The teacher gives me feedback on my strengths in this subject |
|||||||||||||||
|
Never or almost never |
Some lessons |
Many lessons |
Every lesson or almost every lesson |
||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
0.35 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
13.3 |
(0.4) |
35.2 |
(0.4) |
35.3 |
(0.5) |
16.3 |
(0.3) |
||||
|
Austria |
- 0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
37.8 |
(0.8) |
32.5 |
(0.7) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Belgium |
- 0.32 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
41.2 |
(0.8) |
37.6 |
(0.6) |
16.7 |
(0.4) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||
|
Chile |
0.18 |
(0.03) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
27.3 |
(0.8) |
15.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
Colombia |
0.25 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
22.9 |
(0.8) |
40.6 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.24 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
33.7 |
(0.9) |
42.0 |
(0.8) |
17.6 |
(0.7) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Denmark |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
15.0 |
(0.7) |
40.5 |
(0.7) |
34.2 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
20.8 |
(0.6) |
44.5 |
(0.7) |
26.8 |
(0.8) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Finland |
- 0.16 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
22.9 |
(0.8) |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
25.0 |
(0.8) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
France |
- 0.21 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
46.8 |
(0.8) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Germany |
- 0.07 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
38.3 |
(0.8) |
35.6 |
(0.7) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Greece |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
35.7 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Hungary |
- 0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
26.8 |
(0.8) |
40.6 |
(0.8) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Iceland |
- 0.20 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
36.9 |
(0.9) |
34.0 |
(0.8) |
20.6 |
(0.7) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Ireland |
0.30 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
37.5 |
(0.7) |
32.3 |
(0.6) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Israel |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
32.6 |
(0.9) |
35.2 |
(0.7) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Italy |
- 0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
39.1 |
(0.8) |
35.6 |
(0.6) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Japan |
- 0.30 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
52.1 |
(1.0) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Korea |
0.18 |
(0.02) |
1.17 |
(0.01) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
29.6 |
(0.6) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Latvia |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
24.8 |
(0.8) |
40.8 |
(0.8) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Lithuania |
0.13 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
37.4 |
(0.6) |
23.4 |
(0.5) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Luxembourg |
- 0.07 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
34.6 |
(0.6) |
34.1 |
(0.7) |
22.0 |
(0.5) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Mexico |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
28.1 |
(0.8) |
39.8 |
(0.6) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Netherlands* |
- 0.15 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
29.3 |
(1.1) |
41.6 |
(0.7) |
23.9 |
(0.9) |
5.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
New Zealand |
0.49 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
33.6 |
(0.6) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Norway |
0.13 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
38.5 |
(0.7) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Poland |
0.06 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
28.1 |
(0.7) |
39.7 |
(0.8) |
24.4 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Portugal* |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
37.6 |
(1.0) |
36.6 |
(0.9) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
29.1 |
(0.8) |
42.9 |
(0.8) |
20.9 |
(0.7) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Slovenia |
- 0.41 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
49.2 |
(0.9) |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
13.1 |
(0.7) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Spain |
- 0.18 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
42.0 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.4) |
17.6 |
(0.3) |
7.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Sweden |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
28.1 |
(0.8) |
37.0 |
(0.6) |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Switzerland |
- 0.12 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
40.0 |
(1.0) |
33.4 |
(0.7) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Turkey |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
41.2 |
(0.8) |
25.8 |
(0.6) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
United Kingdom |
0.53 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
38.1 |
(0.5) |
19.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
United States* |
0.31 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
37.2 |
(0.9) |
28.8 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||
|
OECD average |
0.01 |
(0.00) |
0.97 |
(0.00) |
29.5 |
(0.1) |
36.9 |
(0.1) |
23.7 |
(0.1) |
10.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.77 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
28.3 |
(0.8) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
||||
|
Argentina |
- 0.16 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.42 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
34.9 |
(0.7) |
33.2 |
(0.6) |
20.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Belarus |
0.17 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
- 0.15 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
26.7 |
(0.8) |
42.0 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Brazil |
- 0.16 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
35.2 |
(0.5) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
0.33 |
(0.01) |
0.85 |
(0.01) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
50.6 |
(0.5) |
25.5 |
(0.6) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.28 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
23.8 |
(0.7) |
35.6 |
(0.5) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Bulgaria |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
1.10 |
(0.01) |
29.0 |
(0.9) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
23.2 |
(0.8) |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Costa Rica |
- 0.25 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
48.2 |
(0.9) |
30.5 |
(0.6) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Croatia |
- 0.23 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
40.3 |
(0.8) |
39.4 |
(0.6) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Cyprus |
0.01 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
35.7 |
(0.7) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.41 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
13.8 |
(0.7) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
35.0 |
(0.8) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Georgia |
0.21 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
23.4 |
(0.7) |
38.2 |
(0.8) |
25.6 |
(0.7) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
0.12 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Indonesia |
0.38 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
48.9 |
(0.9) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
Jordan |
0.37 |
(0.02) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
20.5 |
(0.7) |
29.3 |
(0.5) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
24.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||
|
Kazakhstan |
0.38 |
(0.01) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
12.7 |
(0.4) |
44.5 |
(0.6) |
31.8 |
(0.6) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Kosovo |
0.38 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
38.8 |
(0.8) |
27.3 |
(0.8) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||
|
Macao (China) |
- 0.13 |
(0.01) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
36.3 |
(0.8) |
43.4 |
(0.9) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Malaysia |
0.44 |
(0.02) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
46.8 |
(0.9) |
29.3 |
(0.7) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Malta |
0.38 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
34.1 |
(0.9) |
33.2 |
(0.9) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
Moldova |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
27.9 |
(0.8) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Montenegro |
0.02 |
(0.01) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
23.1 |
(0.5) |
37.9 |
(0.6) |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
13.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Morocco |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
37.0 |
(0.7) |
39.6 |
(0.5) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||
|
Panama |
0.19 |
(0.03) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
26.3 |
(0.9) |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Peru |
0.26 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
18.7 |
(0.5) |
44.5 |
(0.8) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Philippines |
0.35 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
46.9 |
(0.8) |
25.8 |
(0.5) |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
Qatar |
0.20 |
(0.01) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
20.6 |
(0.4) |
37.1 |
(0.4) |
26.2 |
(0.4) |
16.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Romania |
0.00 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
33.3 |
(0.8) |
40.3 |
(0.8) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Russia |
0.22 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
23.5 |
(0.8) |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
29.7 |
(0.9) |
13.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
30.7 |
(0.9) |
35.8 |
(0.8) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
14.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
Serbia |
0.20 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
29.7 |
(0.6) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Singapore |
0.42 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
39.0 |
(0.6) |
34.4 |
(0.6) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
0.34 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
16.0 |
(0.4) |
37.7 |
(0.6) |
31.2 |
(0.5) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Thailand |
0.14 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
50.1 |
(0.7) |
27.1 |
(0.6) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Ukraine |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
24.9 |
(0.9) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.36 |
(0.01) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
17.6 |
(0.4) |
33.3 |
(0.4) |
28.8 |
(0.4) |
20.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Uruguay |
- 0.25 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
40.5 |
(0.9) |
39.5 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Viet Nam |
0.14 |
(0.02) |
0.84 |
(0.01) |
21.6 |
(0.9) |
49.4 |
(0.9) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following things occur in their language-of-instruction lessons: |
|||||||||||||||||
|
The teacher tells me in which areas I can still improve |
The teacher tells me how I can improve my performance |
||||||||||||||||
|
Never or almost never |
Some lessons |
Many lessons |
Every lesson or almost every lesson |
Never or almost never |
Some lessons |
Many lessons |
Every lesson or almost every lesson |
||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||
|
OECD |
Australia |
10.6 |
(0.3) |
32.2 |
(0.4) |
38.8 |
(0.5) |
18.5 |
(0.4) |
11.4 |
(0.3) |
32.6 |
(0.4) |
37.2 |
(0.5) |
18.7 |
(0.4) |
|
Austria |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
38.8 |
(0.8) |
30.7 |
(0.7) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Belgium |
28.1 |
(0.8) |
42.5 |
(0.6) |
23.2 |
(0.5) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
25.6 |
(0.6) |
42.6 |
(0.5) |
23.9 |
(0.5) |
7.9 |
(0.3) |
|
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Chile |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.8) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
28.2 |
(0.7) |
29.6 |
(0.6) |
24.3 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Colombia |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
35.6 |
(0.8) |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.7) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
32.9 |
(0.8) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Czech Republic |
26.6 |
(0.9) |
41.7 |
(0.8) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
23.5 |
(0.8) |
42.6 |
(0.6) |
24.4 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Denmark |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
35.0 |
(0.8) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Estonia |
27.8 |
(0.8) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
40.9 |
(0.8) |
29.9 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Finland |
21.4 |
(0.7) |
45.4 |
(0.8) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
7.6 |
(0.3) |
22.6 |
(0.8) |
44.5 |
(0.8) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
|
|
France |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
37.1 |
(0.6) |
25.4 |
(0.6) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
23.1 |
(0.6) |
38.4 |
(0.7) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Germany |
16.1 |
(0.5) |
41.3 |
(0.9) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
39.1 |
(0.8) |
30.0 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Greece |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
39.4 |
(0.7) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
38.6 |
(0.6) |
26.9 |
(0.5) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Hungary |
21.6 |
(0.8) |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
29.8 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
16.1 |
(0.7) |
38.8 |
(0.7) |
34.2 |
(0.8) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Iceland |
26.4 |
(0.8) |
38.0 |
(0.9) |
25.4 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
27.2 |
(0.8) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
25.3 |
(0.8) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Ireland |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
37.1 |
(0.6) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
34.9 |
(0.8) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Israel |
27.5 |
(0.8) |
36.4 |
(0.8) |
24.6 |
(0.6) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
25.3 |
(0.7) |
33.6 |
(0.6) |
27.0 |
(0.6) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Italy |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Japan |
38.0 |
(1.0) |
32.5 |
(0.7) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
35.1 |
(0.7) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Korea |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.6) |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
32.8 |
(0.6) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Latvia |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
37.1 |
(0.7) |
34.5 |
(0.8) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
35.0 |
(0.8) |
32.7 |
(0.8) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Lithuania |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
35.4 |
(0.6) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
34.2 |
(0.6) |
32.1 |
(0.6) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Luxembourg |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
29.4 |
(0.6) |
12.5 |
(0.4) |
23.2 |
(0.6) |
36.4 |
(0.6) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
12.9 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Mexico |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
36.0 |
(0.8) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
33.4 |
(0.7) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Netherlands* |
21.4 |
(0.9) |
41.4 |
(0.9) |
30.1 |
(0.9) |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
19.9 |
(0.9) |
42.2 |
(1.0) |
31.2 |
(0.9) |
6.7 |
(0.6) |
|
|
New Zealand |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
27.9 |
(0.8) |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
30.0 |
(0.6) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Norway |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Poland |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
39.1 |
(0.7) |
36.0 |
(0.7) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
33.7 |
(0.6) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Portugal* |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
30.4 |
(0.8) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
36.3 |
(0.8) |
33.0 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Slovak Republic |
22.8 |
(0.7) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
41.3 |
(0.7) |
28.5 |
(0.6) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Slovenia |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
28.8 |
(0.7) |
41.9 |
(0.8) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Spain |
26.1 |
(0.5) |
35.7 |
(0.4) |
26.5 |
(0.4) |
11.7 |
(0.3) |
25.4 |
(0.5) |
35.2 |
(0.4) |
26.6 |
(0.4) |
12.8 |
(0.3) |
|
|
Sweden |
17.4 |
(0.7) |
40.2 |
(0.8) |
28.4 |
(0.8) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
38.0 |
(0.8) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Switzerland |
21.7 |
(0.8) |
37.4 |
(0.7) |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
28.1 |
(0.8) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Turkey |
25.1 |
(0.8) |
35.8 |
(0.7) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
36.4 |
(0.6) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
|
|
United Kingdom |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
29.3 |
(0.8) |
40.9 |
(0.7) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
22.5 |
(0.7) |
|
|
United States* |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
21.2 |
(0.8) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.8) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
21.2 |
(0.8) |
|
|
OECD average |
19.8 |
(0.1) |
37.2 |
(0.1) |
30.0 |
(0.1) |
13.0 |
(0.1) |
18.6 |
(0.1) |
36.8 |
(0.1) |
30.2 |
(0.1) |
14.3 |
(0.1) |
|
|
Partners |
Albania |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
25.3 |
(0.7) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
32.8 |
(0.8) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.7) |
43.2 |
(0.8) |
|
Argentina |
30.0 |
(0.8) |
36.5 |
(0.6) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
22.1 |
(0.7) |
34.9 |
(0.6) |
27.1 |
(0.6) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
20.6 |
(0.5) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
29.7 |
(0.7) |
35.6 |
(0.7) |
24.2 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Belarus |
17.3 |
(0.7) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
33.4 |
(0.7) |
36.4 |
(0.6) |
16.3 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
28.6 |
(0.8) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
22.1 |
(0.8) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.6) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Brazil |
25.3 |
(0.6) |
37.7 |
(0.5) |
25.0 |
(0.5) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
35.5 |
(0.6) |
28.3 |
(0.5) |
16.5 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
8.4 |
(0.3) |
38.5 |
(0.6) |
35.6 |
(0.6) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
36.5 |
(0.6) |
35.4 |
(0.6) |
21.3 |
(0.5) |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
34.9 |
(0.8) |
33.5 |
(0.6) |
21.4 |
(0.7) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
36.9 |
(0.7) |
29.2 |
(0.5) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Bulgaria |
28.4 |
(0.8) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
25.9 |
(0.8) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.8) |
31.5 |
(0.8) |
24.6 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Costa Rica |
30.9 |
(0.9) |
34.8 |
(0.6) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
26.5 |
(0.9) |
34.0 |
(0.6) |
24.4 |
(0.6) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Croatia |
20.8 |
(0.7) |
44.5 |
(0.6) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
43.4 |
(0.7) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Cyprus |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
35.2 |
(0.7) |
30.9 |
(0.6) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
20.1 |
(0.5) |
33.6 |
(0.6) |
30.5 |
(0.6) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
29.7 |
(0.8) |
37.0 |
(0.7) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
25.8 |
(0.8) |
38.3 |
(0.8) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Georgia |
15.2 |
(0.7) |
36.9 |
(0.7) |
31.1 |
(0.7) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
32.4 |
(0.8) |
22.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
43.0 |
(0.8) |
35.7 |
(0.8) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
34.9 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Indonesia |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
41.3 |
(0.8) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
24.2 |
(0.8) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
38.1 |
(0.9) |
26.8 |
(0.8) |
29.0 |
(1.0) |
|
|
Jordan |
17.0 |
(0.7) |
29.3 |
(0.6) |
28.9 |
(0.6) |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
26.1 |
(0.6) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Kazakhstan |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
31.0 |
(0.5) |
41.3 |
(0.5) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.3) |
28.6 |
(0.5) |
41.1 |
(0.5) |
22.7 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Kosovo |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
32.5 |
(0.9) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
27.2 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Macao (China) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
30.9 |
(0.8) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Malaysia |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
32.6 |
(0.8) |
39.0 |
(0.7) |
22.5 |
(0.8) |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
35.2 |
(0.6) |
24.9 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Malta |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
31.5 |
(0.8) |
36.6 |
(0.9) |
20.8 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
31.7 |
(0.8) |
36.2 |
(0.9) |
20.9 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Moldova |
20.2 |
(0.8) |
41.1 |
(0.9) |
27.3 |
(0.8) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
35.5 |
(0.8) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Montenegro |
26.3 |
(0.6) |
34.0 |
(0.6) |
25.5 |
(0.6) |
14.2 |
(0.4) |
19.8 |
(0.5) |
33.4 |
(0.6) |
28.8 |
(0.6) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Morocco |
22.5 |
(0.7) |
39.1 |
(0.7) |
27.9 |
(0.6) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
20.5 |
(0.7) |
35.2 |
(0.6) |
28.1 |
(0.6) |
16.1 |
(0.5) |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Panama |
16.4 |
(0.9) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
33.3 |
(0.8) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
14.5 |
(0.9) |
30.5 |
(0.8) |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
24.0 |
(0.9) |
|
|
Peru |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
35.8 |
(0.7) |
35.1 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
35.9 |
(0.7) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Philippines |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
41.0 |
(0.6) |
30.1 |
(0.5) |
19.1 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
28.9 |
(0.5) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Qatar |
18.4 |
(0.4) |
33.7 |
(0.4) |
30.4 |
(0.4) |
17.6 |
(0.3) |
15.2 |
(0.3) |
31.6 |
(0.3) |
30.9 |
(0.4) |
22.3 |
(0.3) |
|
|
Romania |
23.3 |
(0.9) |
38.5 |
(0.8) |
27.0 |
(0.8) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
13.6 |
(0.8) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
20.4 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Russia |
16.5 |
(0.7) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
30.8 |
(0.8) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
20.8 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Saudi Arabia |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
17.2 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Serbia |
17.2 |
(0.7) |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
31.3 |
(0.6) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
17.3 |
(0.7) |
34.1 |
(0.6) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Singapore |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
32.3 |
(0.6) |
41.3 |
(0.6) |
19.3 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.3) |
33.2 |
(0.6) |
40.2 |
(0.6) |
18.9 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Chinese Taipei |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
33.7 |
(0.6) |
37.7 |
(0.6) |
18.6 |
(0.5) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
33.8 |
(0.6) |
36.8 |
(0.6) |
19.3 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Thailand |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
48.8 |
(0.5) |
25.3 |
(0.6) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
43.9 |
(0.6) |
27.9 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Ukraine |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
41.0 |
(0.7) |
36.8 |
(0.7) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
10.9 |
(0.6) |
39.2 |
(0.8) |
37.0 |
(0.7) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
|
|
United Arab Emirates |
13.9 |
(0.3) |
29.9 |
(0.5) |
32.6 |
(0.5) |
23.6 |
(0.4) |
15.0 |
(0.3) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
30.8 |
(0.4) |
25.1 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Uruguay |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
42.1 |
(0.6) |
23.1 |
(0.6) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
20.9 |
(0.7) |
42.4 |
(0.9) |
25.2 |
(0.8) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Viet Nam |
18.9 |
(0.7) |
43.2 |
(0.9) |
26.4 |
(0.7) |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
31.5 |
(0.7) |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
|
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.7.1. Teacher behaviour hindering student learning
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on principals' reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of teacher behaviour hindering learning1 |
Percentage of students in schools whose principal reported that the following behaviours hinder student learning: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
Teachers not meeting individual students’ needs |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
0.32 |
(0.03) |
0.85 |
(0.03) |
8.7 |
(1.3) |
53.4 |
(2.1) |
35.8 |
(2.0) |
2.2 |
(0.6) |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
- 0.05 |
(0.06) |
0.90 |
(0.04) |
21.2 |
(2.8) |
55.1 |
(3.1) |
20.0 |
(2.7) |
3.7 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
0.59 |
(0.05) |
0.79 |
(0.05) |
6.9 |
(1.6) |
57.4 |
(3.1) |
33.8 |
(2.9) |
1.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
0.32 |
(0.04) |
0.89 |
(0.03) |
10.5 |
(1.2) |
56.0 |
(2.3) |
31.1 |
(2.2) |
2.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
0.62 |
(0.07) |
0.93 |
(0.04) |
6.4 |
(1.9) |
54.8 |
(4.1) |
33.9 |
(4.0) |
4.8 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
0.37 |
(0.08) |
1.13 |
(0.06) |
19.9 |
(2.7) |
44.4 |
(3.3) |
28.1 |
(3.1) |
7.5 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.33 |
(0.06) |
0.88 |
(0.03) |
32.1 |
(3.2) |
57.8 |
(3.4) |
9.9 |
(1.8) |
0.1 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
- 0.22 |
(0.06) |
0.89 |
(0.04) |
23.7 |
(2.9) |
61.0 |
(3.5) |
13.9 |
(2.3) |
1.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
0.06 |
(0.04) |
0.94 |
(0.03) |
16.2 |
(1.7) |
48.5 |
(2.3) |
29.5 |
(1.8) |
5.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
0.04 |
(0.06) |
0.81 |
(0.04) |
7.6 |
(1.9) |
60.7 |
(3.3) |
31.2 |
(3.3) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
0.28 |
(0.07) |
1.03 |
(0.05) |
19.0 |
(2.5) |
45.4 |
(3.6) |
31.3 |
(3.5) |
4.2 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
0.46 |
(0.05) |
0.65 |
(0.04) |
11.1 |
(2.4) |
59.2 |
(3.3) |
28.1 |
(3.5) |
1.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Greece |
- 0.24 |
(0.07) |
1.05 |
(0.05) |
31.8 |
(3.0) |
47.5 |
(3.3) |
19.5 |
(2.6) |
1.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
- 0.35 |
(0.07) |
0.96 |
(0.06) |
19.7 |
(2.9) |
56.2 |
(3.6) |
23.6 |
(3.1) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
0.28 |
(0.00) |
0.90 |
(0.00) |
7.1 |
(0.2) |
44.6 |
(0.3) |
46.3 |
(0.3) |
2.0 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
0.29 |
(0.06) |
0.76 |
(0.05) |
5.3 |
(1.5) |
62.9 |
(4.0) |
31.9 |
(3.9) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
0.46 |
(0.08) |
1.08 |
(0.06) |
12.9 |
(2.4) |
51.7 |
(4.3) |
29.7 |
(3.8) |
5.6 |
(1.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
0.22 |
(0.06) |
0.98 |
(0.04) |
18.2 |
(2.3) |
58.4 |
(2.9) |
21.5 |
(2.2) |
2.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
0.51 |
(0.05) |
0.64 |
(0.07) |
3.9 |
(1.5) |
54.4 |
(3.6) |
41.2 |
(3.3) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
- 0.04 |
(0.09) |
1.09 |
(0.06) |
17.4 |
(3.0) |
51.6 |
(3.6) |
29.1 |
(3.5) |
1.9 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
- 0.30 |
(0.04) |
0.89 |
(0.04) |
25.6 |
(1.9) |
54.2 |
(1.8) |
19.3 |
(1.6) |
0.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
- 0.37 |
(0.03) |
0.87 |
(0.03) |
25.0 |
(1.9) |
61.9 |
(2.3) |
12.1 |
(1.1) |
0.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
0.12 |
(0.00) |
0.60 |
(0.00) |
4.9 |
(0.0) |
73.1 |
(0.1) |
21.9 |
(0.1) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
0.07 |
(0.06) |
1.05 |
(0.05) |
21.5 |
(2.5) |
60.3 |
(3.2) |
14.6 |
(2.1) |
3.6 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
0.93 |
(0.05) |
0.64 |
(0.04) |
3.0 |
(1.4) |
28.2 |
(4.3) |
61.0 |
(4.5) |
7.7 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
0.29 |
(0.05) |
0.71 |
(0.04) |
3.9 |
(1.5) |
56.7 |
(3.3) |
37.0 |
(2.9) |
2.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
0.38 |
(0.05) |
0.70 |
(0.04) |
4.8 |
(1.5) |
50.3 |
(3.0) |
42.9 |
(3.1) |
2.0 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
- 0.37 |
(0.06) |
0.98 |
(0.04) |
30.4 |
(3.0) |
57.8 |
(3.2) |
11.2 |
(2.4) |
0.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
0.53 |
(0.06) |
0.93 |
(0.06) |
7.2 |
(1.6) |
47.9 |
(3.3) |
41.6 |
(3.3) |
3.3 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.26 |
(0.04) |
0.88 |
(0.03) |
20.3 |
(2.3) |
60.5 |
(2.7) |
18.7 |
(2.1) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
0.23 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.7) |
29.5 |
(0.4) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
- 0.05 |
(0.04) |
0.94 |
(0.03) |
25.4 |
(1.8) |
54.4 |
(2.0) |
18.3 |
(1.6) |
1.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
0.07 |
(0.06) |
0.89 |
(0.04) |
11.3 |
(1.9) |
49.0 |
(3.6) |
36.9 |
(3.7) |
2.8 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
- 0.17 |
(0.06) |
0.82 |
(0.04) |
16.7 |
(2.8) |
64.0 |
(3.3) |
18.2 |
(2.6) |
1.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
- 0.18 |
(0.08) |
0.93 |
(0.05) |
18.3 |
(3.2) |
55.9 |
(3.9) |
24.0 |
(3.0) |
1.9 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
0.05 |
(0.06) |
0.81 |
(0.05) |
11.0 |
(2.5) |
62.8 |
(3.7) |
26.2 |
(3.1) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
0.25 |
(0.06) |
0.80 |
(0.05) |
10.1 |
(2.5) |
54.9 |
(3.8) |
34.5 |
(3.6) |
0.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
0.13 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
15.1 |
(0.4) |
54.7 |
(0.5) |
28.0 |
(0.5) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Index of teacher behaviour hindering learning1 |
Percentage of students in schools whose principal reported that the following behaviours hinder student learning: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
Teachers not meeting individual students’ needs |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
- 0.89 |
(0.06) |
1.06 |
(0.06) |
66.6 |
(2.8) |
26.7 |
(2.5) |
4.3 |
(1.3) |
2.4 |
(1.3) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
0.54 |
(0.06) |
1.00 |
(0.04) |
11.8 |
(2.3) |
46.7 |
(2.6) |
37.3 |
(3.0) |
4.2 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
- 0.18 |
(0.11) |
† |
1.24 |
(0.05) |
† |
31.2 |
(4.0) |
† |
42.0 |
(4.3) |
† |
20.8 |
(4.0) |
† |
6.0 |
(1.8) |
† |
|||||||
|
Belarus |
- 0.75 |
(0.07) |
1.04 |
(0.06) |
53.9 |
(3.8) |
35.9 |
(3.8) |
8.8 |
(2.0) |
1.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
0.27 |
(0.07) |
1.03 |
(0.05) |
23.2 |
(2.8) |
49.0 |
(3.6) |
21.6 |
(3.0) |
6.2 |
(1.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
0.44 |
(0.05) |
1.13 |
(0.04) |
12.0 |
(1.6) |
42.1 |
(2.2) |
38.0 |
(2.3) |
7.8 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
0.50 |
(0.00) |
0.84 |
(0.00) |
16.4 |
(0.1) |
32.0 |
(0.1) |
46.3 |
(0.1) |
5.3 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.46 |
(0.09) |
1.42 |
(0.05) |
12.5 |
(2.1) |
35.5 |
(3.9) |
45.0 |
(3.3) |
7.0 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
- 0.26 |
(0.11) |
1.34 |
(0.09) |
37.5 |
(3.9) |
37.3 |
(3.5) |
19.8 |
(3.4) |
5.4 |
(1.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.49 |
(0.07) |
1.00 |
(0.07) |
9.7 |
(2.3) |
50.1 |
(3.3) |
35.8 |
(3.0) |
4.4 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
0.45 |
(0.07) |
1.06 |
(0.06) |
12.3 |
(2.6) |
48.0 |
(3.7) |
34.7 |
(3.6) |
5.0 |
(1.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
- 0.14 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
28.5 |
(0.8) |
61.7 |
(0.8) |
9.7 |
(0.2) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.04 |
(0.07) |
0.90 |
(0.04) |
13.9 |
(2.4) |
65.3 |
(3.1) |
19.1 |
(2.6) |
1.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
- 0.38 |
(0.07) |
1.29 |
(0.07) |
45.5 |
(2.9) |
33.6 |
(3.0) |
15.3 |
(2.5) |
5.5 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
0.47 |
(0.07) |
0.80 |
(0.08) |
1.2 |
(1.0) |
42.4 |
(4.4) |
49.5 |
(4.7) |
6.9 |
(2.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
- 0.30 |
(0.10) |
1.08 |
(0.06) |
45.2 |
(4.5) |
40.2 |
(4.5) |
11.5 |
(3.0) |
3.1 |
(2.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
0.47 |
(0.08) |
1.22 |
(0.06) |
15.7 |
(2.3) |
46.4 |
(3.4) |
29.9 |
(3.1) |
7.9 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
1.31 |
(0.08) |
1.59 |
(0.04) |
13.4 |
(1.7) |
25.8 |
(1.9) |
37.8 |
(2.3) |
23.0 |
(2.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.13 |
(0.04) |
1.12 |
(0.04) |
31.6 |
(1.5) |
43.5 |
(1.6) |
21.6 |
(1.5) |
3.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
0.05 |
(0.08) |
1.29 |
(0.06) |
28.6 |
(2.8) |
42.4 |
(2.8) |
21.3 |
(2.6) |
7.8 |
(1.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
0.00 |
(0.00) |
1.01 |
(0.00) |
10.8 |
(0.0) |
63.5 |
(0.0) |
23.8 |
(0.0) |
1.9 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.13 |
(0.09) |
1.10 |
(0.06) |
24.8 |
(3.6) |
50.0 |
(3.8) |
20.7 |
(3.0) |
4.5 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
0.22 |
(0.00) |
1.02 |
(0.00) |
16.0 |
(0.1) |
47.8 |
(0.1) |
33.0 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
- 0.02 |
(0.08) |
1.19 |
(0.05) |
32.8 |
(3.3) |
45.0 |
(3.8) |
16.0 |
(2.3) |
6.1 |
(2.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
- 0.23 |
(0.01) |
0.84 |
(0.01) |
31.3 |
(0.4) |
63.3 |
(0.6) |
5.4 |
(0.5) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
0.48 |
(0.10) |
1.36 |
(0.06) |
16.7 |
(3.0) |
35.9 |
(4.0) |
35.0 |
(3.6) |
12.4 |
(2.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
- 0.39 |
(0.00) |
1.40 |
(0.00) |
40.9 |
(0.1) |
39.7 |
(0.1) |
14.1 |
(0.1) |
5.3 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
0.45 |
(0.06) |
0.98 |
(0.05) |
14.6 |
(2.0) |
58.0 |
(2.4) |
24.6 |
(2.4) |
2.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Peru |
0.41 |
(0.06) |
1.12 |
(0.05) |
17.1 |
(2.1) |
52.7 |
(2.7) |
21.3 |
(2.2) |
9.0 |
(1.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
- 0.08 |
(0.10) |
1.19 |
(0.09) |
23.2 |
(3.0) |
56.0 |
(3.0) |
14.8 |
(2.5) |
6.0 |
(2.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
- 0.63 |
(0.00) |
1.09 |
(0.00) |
41.7 |
(0.1) |
43.8 |
(0.1) |
13.8 |
(0.1) |
0.7 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
- 0.21 |
(0.08) |
0.97 |
(0.05) |
25.7 |
(4.2) |
55.5 |
(4.5) |
18.0 |
(3.2) |
0.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
0.56 |
(0.09) |
1.54 |
(0.06) |
19.2 |
(2.3) |
29.6 |
(3.4) |
32.8 |
(3.6) |
18.4 |
(2.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
- 0.23 |
(0.09) |
1.27 |
(0.08) |
46.9 |
(3.5) |
34.8 |
(3.5) |
15.0 |
(2.4) |
3.3 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
- 0.25 |
(0.08) |
1.00 |
(0.04) |
32.2 |
(3.7) |
51.9 |
(3.4) |
14.8 |
(2.8) |
1.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.02) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
64.1 |
(0.7) |
23.6 |
(0.4) |
1.9 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
0.33 |
(0.09) |
1.13 |
(0.07) |
12.6 |
(2.3) |
55.8 |
(3.7) |
26.5 |
(3.1) |
5.1 |
(1.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
- 0.49 |
(0.07) |
1.01 |
(0.04) |
44.1 |
(3.9) |
42.0 |
(4.0) |
13.8 |
(2.7) |
0.1 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
- 0.11 |
(0.12) |
1.45 |
(0.07) |
30.9 |
(3.3) |
41.9 |
(3.5) |
17.8 |
(3.1) |
9.4 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.20 |
(0.03) |
1.41 |
(0.03) |
21.2 |
(0.9) |
50.3 |
(1.8) |
16.9 |
(1.0) |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
0.76 |
(0.07) |
1.11 |
(0.06) |
14.8 |
(2.4) |
38.8 |
(3.8) |
39.6 |
(3.6) |
6.8 |
(1.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
0.01 |
(0.09) |
0.99 |
(0.08) |
18.9 |
(3.5) |
63.5 |
(4.5) |
15.4 |
(3.4) |
2.3 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students in schools whose principal reported that the following behaviours hinder student learning: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Teacher absenteeism |
Staff resisting change |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
18.4 |
(1.5) |
62.2 |
(1.8) |
18.2 |
(1.3) |
1.2 |
(0.4) |
12.4 |
(1.2) |
50.7 |
(1.7) |
32.8 |
(1.6) |
4.2 |
(0.9) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
31.9 |
(2.9) |
50.5 |
(3.2) |
15.3 |
(2.5) |
2.3 |
(0.9) |
27.1 |
(3.0) |
48.0 |
(3.7) |
21.8 |
(2.8) |
3.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
6.4 |
(1.6) |
51.9 |
(2.9) |
38.4 |
(2.9) |
3.3 |
(1.2) |
5.9 |
(1.5) |
41.6 |
(2.9) |
42.4 |
(3.0) |
10.1 |
(2.0) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
22.6 |
(2.0) |
58.0 |
(2.4) |
17.6 |
(2.1) |
1.8 |
(0.8) |
9.9 |
(1.4) |
51.4 |
(2.4) |
31.0 |
(2.1) |
7.7 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
13.7 |
(2.1) |
51.2 |
(4.0) |
25.0 |
(3.4) |
10.2 |
(2.4) |
12.0 |
(2.3) |
44.6 |
(4.0) |
32.4 |
(3.7) |
11.0 |
(2.4) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
23.2 |
(2.9) |
45.0 |
(3.0) |
26.0 |
(3.2) |
5.8 |
(1.7) |
14.5 |
(2.4) |
42.2 |
(4.1) |
33.6 |
(4.0) |
9.7 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
26.9 |
(2.7) |
61.1 |
(2.8) |
12.1 |
(1.6) |
0.0 |
c |
41.1 |
(3.3) |
42.1 |
(3.4) |
15.8 |
(2.2) |
0.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
11.8 |
(2.1) |
71.0 |
(3.2) |
16.2 |
(2.6) |
1.0 |
(0.7) |
33.8 |
(3.5) |
49.4 |
(3.4) |
16.3 |
(2.3) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
39.0 |
(2.0) |
41.4 |
(2.0) |
15.6 |
(1.3) |
4.1 |
(0.7) |
27.1 |
(1.9) |
45.9 |
(2.0) |
23.2 |
(1.6) |
3.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
21.4 |
(2.9) |
65.9 |
(2.8) |
12.8 |
(2.3) |
0.0 |
c |
22.6 |
(2.8) |
50.7 |
(3.3) |
24.7 |
(2.9) |
2.0 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
France |
26.8 |
(3.3) |
56.6 |
(3.7) |
15.4 |
(2.3) |
1.2 |
(0.8) |
18.6 |
(2.8) |
35.5 |
(3.4) |
35.9 |
(3.6) |
10.1 |
(2.0) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
9.4 |
(2.3) |
48.3 |
(3.8) |
38.7 |
(3.5) |
3.5 |
(1.3) |
9.2 |
(2.2) |
53.6 |
(3.2) |
34.1 |
(3.3) |
3.1 |
(1.4) |
|||||||||
|
Greece |
41.7 |
(3.4) |
44.6 |
(3.4) |
11.8 |
(2.3) |
1.9 |
(1.0) |
32.5 |
(3.0) |
42.4 |
(3.4) |
21.4 |
(2.8) |
3.6 |
(1.4) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
52.0 |
(3.5) |
43.1 |
(3.2) |
4.3 |
(1.6) |
0.6 |
(0.5) |
43.3 |
(3.9) |
46.5 |
(4.0) |
9.0 |
(2.2) |
1.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
15.3 |
(0.2) |
55.5 |
(0.3) |
22.5 |
(0.2) |
6.6 |
(0.0) |
20.9 |
(0.2) |
41.8 |
(0.3) |
37.3 |
(0.2) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
18.2 |
(3.1) |
62.2 |
(4.1) |
18.7 |
(3.1) |
0.9 |
(0.8) |
16.3 |
(3.0) |
54.1 |
(4.2) |
25.5 |
(3.5) |
4.0 |
(1.6) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
11.3 |
(2.5) |
42.4 |
(4.4) |
39.2 |
(4.1) |
7.1 |
(2.0) |
23.9 |
(3.0) |
46.0 |
(3.6) |
21.8 |
(3.1) |
8.3 |
(2.4) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
38.3 |
(3.3) |
50.3 |
(3.5) |
10.5 |
(1.9) |
1.0 |
(0.7) |
15.4 |
(2.4) |
36.5 |
(3.3) |
40.1 |
(3.0) |
8.0 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
60.9 |
(3.4) |
32.7 |
(3.8) |
6.4 |
(1.8) |
0.0 |
c |
13.1 |
(2.3) |
57.7 |
(3.6) |
27.1 |
(3.3) |
2.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
85.3 |
(2.5) |
9.9 |
(2.1) |
2.2 |
(1.1) |
2.5 |
(1.2) |
40.6 |
(3.8) |
42.6 |
(3.7) |
14.7 |
(2.5) |
2.0 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
54.2 |
(1.9) |
37.4 |
(1.6) |
8.2 |
(1.3) |
0.3 |
(0.3) |
36.1 |
(2.2) |
53.5 |
(2.3) |
10.1 |
(1.2) |
0.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
94.2 |
(0.9) |
4.5 |
(0.9) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
0.4 |
(0.3) |
34.4 |
(1.5) |
55.9 |
(1.6) |
8.9 |
(0.7) |
0.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
14.5 |
(0.1) |
80.7 |
(0.1) |
4.8 |
(0.0) |
0.0 |
c |
9.9 |
(0.1) |
78.3 |
(0.1) |
11.8 |
(0.1) |
0.1 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
28.3 |
(2.7) |
57.7 |
(3.2) |
11.7 |
(2.1) |
2.3 |
(0.8) |
25.5 |
(2.6) |
41.2 |
(3.4) |
27.6 |
(2.9) |
5.7 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
3.8 |
(1.5) |
49.1 |
(4.8) |
37.9 |
(4.7) |
9.2 |
(2.4) |
5.5 |
(2.0) |
36.2 |
(3.9) |
52.4 |
(4.0) |
5.9 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
31.9 |
(3.4) |
58.4 |
(3.4) |
9.7 |
(2.0) |
0.0 |
c |
7.9 |
(2.1) |
58.0 |
(3.2) |
32.9 |
(3.2) |
1.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
8.4 |
(1.9) |
60.8 |
(3.1) |
29.2 |
(2.8) |
1.6 |
(0.9) |
18.7 |
(2.6) |
60.1 |
(3.0) |
21.1 |
(2.5) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
49.8 |
(3.7) |
40.8 |
(3.6) |
8.4 |
(1.8) |
1.0 |
(0.7) |
39.7 |
(3.1) |
39.9 |
(3.3) |
17.5 |
(2.4) |
2.9 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
18.0 |
(2.5) |
68.1 |
(3.1) |
11.7 |
(2.5) |
2.2 |
(1.0) |
6.4 |
(1.5) |
35.1 |
(3.3) |
48.3 |
(3.5) |
10.3 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
63.4 |
(2.7) |
29.7 |
(2.7) |
6.3 |
(1.4) |
0.6 |
(0.5) |
35.0 |
(3.0) |
50.1 |
(3.3) |
13.1 |
(2.1) |
1.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
59.2 |
(0.7) |
21.2 |
(0.5) |
1.5 |
(0.0) |
14.9 |
(0.7) |
47.2 |
(0.7) |
33.2 |
(0.4) |
4.8 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
51.7 |
(2.0) |
41.0 |
(2.0) |
6.1 |
(0.9) |
1.2 |
(0.5) |
18.8 |
(1.5) |
43.8 |
(2.0) |
34.0 |
(2.0) |
3.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
19.8 |
(2.6) |
59.6 |
(3.4) |
18.2 |
(2.6) |
2.4 |
(1.1) |
28.1 |
(3.5) |
53.7 |
(3.8) |
16.7 |
(2.9) |
1.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
41.4 |
(3.6) |
53.8 |
(3.9) |
4.7 |
(1.7) |
0.0 |
c |
24.9 |
(3.2) |
51.3 |
(3.9) |
22.1 |
(2.9) |
1.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
28.4 |
(3.6) |
64.6 |
(3.7) |
6.9 |
(2.0) |
0.0 |
(0.0) |
38.0 |
(4.2) |
46.9 |
(4.5) |
12.9 |
(2.8) |
2.2 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
16.2 |
(2.5) |
63.2 |
(3.3) |
20.3 |
(2.9) |
0.2 |
(0.1) |
25.0 |
(3.3) |
63.9 |
(3.5) |
10.5 |
(2.2) |
0.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
25.5 |
(3.4) |
60.3 |
(4.4) |
11.9 |
(2.5) |
2.2 |
(1.4) |
14.4 |
(2.9) |
50.7 |
(4.0) |
31.3 |
(3.7) |
3.6 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
30.9 |
(0.4) |
51.2 |
(0.5) |
15.8 |
(0.4) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
22.2 |
(0.4) |
48.4 |
(0.5) |
25.6 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students in schools whose principal reported that the following behaviours hinder student learning: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Teacher absenteeism |
Staff resisting change |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
69.9 |
(2.5) |
25.3 |
(2.4) |
2.5 |
(1.0) |
2.3 |
(0.8) |
66.8 |
(2.6) |
22.4 |
(2.6) |
9.6 |
(1.7) |
1.2 |
(0.6) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
9.4 |
(1.8) |
36.7 |
(2.9) |
41.3 |
(3.2) |
12.6 |
(2.1) |
15.4 |
(2.0) |
40.6 |
(3.1) |
33.9 |
(3.0) |
10.1 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
65.9 |
(4.1) |
† |
9.9 |
(2.2) |
† |
10.2 |
(2.9) |
† |
13.9 |
(2.9) |
† |
55.5 |
(4.6) |
† |
22.4 |
(3.5) |
† |
19.4 |
(4.1) |
† |
2.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
92.8 |
(1.7) |
2.7 |
(1.2) |
1.9 |
(0.9) |
2.6 |
(1.2) |
72.7 |
(2.9) |
19.6 |
(2.7) |
6.4 |
(1.8) |
1.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
26.2 |
(2.8) |
55.2 |
(3.4) |
10.5 |
(2.0) |
8.1 |
(2.1) |
18.7 |
(2.6) |
42.9 |
(3.6) |
34.5 |
(3.2) |
3.9 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
24.1 |
(2.2) |
39.8 |
(2.6) |
28.1 |
(2.2) |
8.1 |
(1.2) |
18.3 |
(1.9) |
44.5 |
(2.7) |
28.0 |
(2.3) |
9.3 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
25.7 |
(0.1) |
58.5 |
(0.1) |
13.1 |
(0.1) |
2.7 |
(0.0) |
8.6 |
(0.1) |
58.3 |
(0.1) |
30.5 |
(0.1) |
2.7 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
51.3 |
(4.0) |
16.9 |
(2.9) |
13.9 |
(2.4) |
18.0 |
(2.5) |
22.9 |
(2.6) |
24.0 |
(3.5) |
35.5 |
(3.3) |
17.6 |
(3.0) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
39.4 |
(4.3) |
40.4 |
(4.1) |
15.1 |
(2.9) |
5.1 |
(2.0) |
49.1 |
(4.0) |
28.5 |
(3.5) |
15.5 |
(2.8) |
7.0 |
(2.2) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
15.0 |
(2.7) |
53.5 |
(3.6) |
24.6 |
(3.4) |
6.9 |
(1.7) |
16.5 |
(2.7) |
44.8 |
(4.0) |
30.4 |
(3.3) |
8.3 |
(1.8) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
37.7 |
(3.4) |
46.9 |
(3.4) |
11.4 |
(2.0) |
4.1 |
(1.3) |
12.0 |
(2.3) |
46.8 |
(3.6) |
31.8 |
(3.1) |
9.4 |
(2.0) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
73.5 |
(0.5) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.0) |
30.6 |
(0.5) |
52.6 |
(0.5) |
16.3 |
(0.2) |
0.6 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
39.7 |
(3.3) |
54.3 |
(3.7) |
5.4 |
(1.8) |
0.6 |
(0.5) |
23.7 |
(3.3) |
50.2 |
(4.0) |
21.7 |
(2.9) |
4.5 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||
|
Georgia |
50.7 |
(3.0) |
38.0 |
(3.1) |
6.3 |
(1.7) |
5.0 |
(1.4) |
60.6 |
(2.8) |
28.6 |
(2.6) |
8.0 |
(2.0) |
2.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
23.7 |
(4.1) |
63.1 |
(4.8) |
11.8 |
(3.0) |
1.3 |
(1.3) |
12.7 |
(3.6) |
44.4 |
(4.4) |
37.1 |
(4.1) |
5.7 |
(1.8) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
37.3 |
(4.1) |
53.7 |
(4.3) |
6.2 |
(2.3) |
2.8 |
(2.1) |
76.3 |
(4.4) |
20.0 |
(4.3) |
3.3 |
(1.7) |
0.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
15.1 |
(2.2) |
43.4 |
(3.6) |
24.8 |
(2.9) |
16.8 |
(2.6) |
21.9 |
(2.9) |
42.8 |
(3.6) |
26.0 |
(2.7) |
9.2 |
(1.7) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
25.7 |
(2.0) |
12.9 |
(1.6) |
21.6 |
(2.2) |
39.7 |
(2.6) |
27.2 |
(2.0) |
17.9 |
(2.1) |
29.0 |
(2.3) |
25.9 |
(2.2) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
20.0 |
(1.2) |
60.1 |
(1.6) |
14.3 |
(1.2) |
5.6 |
(1.1) |
29.0 |
(1.4) |
43.8 |
(1.4) |
21.6 |
(1.6) |
5.6 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
31.8 |
(3.0) |
45.3 |
(3.1) |
15.0 |
(2.0) |
7.9 |
(1.8) |
33.9 |
(2.6) |
40.4 |
(2.8) |
19.3 |
(2.5) |
6.4 |
(1.4) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
48.3 |
(0.1) |
37.4 |
(0.1) |
12.4 |
(0.0) |
1.9 |
(0.0) |
29.8 |
(0.0) |
59.6 |
(0.1) |
8.7 |
(0.0) |
1.9 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
27.2 |
(3.1) |
48.4 |
(3.5) |
15.9 |
(2.6) |
8.5 |
(2.1) |
36.1 |
(3.6) |
48.8 |
(3.7) |
11.9 |
(2.3) |
3.2 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
31.6 |
(0.1) |
46.1 |
(0.1) |
22.3 |
(0.1) |
0.0 |
c |
16.9 |
(0.1) |
58.8 |
(0.2) |
22.5 |
(0.1) |
1.9 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
46.8 |
(3.4) |
34.5 |
(3.1) |
12.2 |
(2.1) |
6.5 |
(1.9) |
25.8 |
(2.7) |
45.5 |
(3.8) |
25.6 |
(3.3) |
3.1 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
25.0 |
(0.4) |
69.0 |
(0.6) |
5.9 |
(0.5) |
0.0 |
c |
32.9 |
(0.3) |
55.3 |
(0.6) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
32.5 |
(3.3) |
32.5 |
(3.6) |
16.1 |
(3.1) |
18.8 |
(3.2) |
27.4 |
(3.2) |
28.7 |
(3.5) |
29.5 |
(3.6) |
14.4 |
(2.9) |
|||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
40.4 |
(0.1) |
48.6 |
(0.1) |
3.9 |
(0.0) |
7.1 |
(0.0) |
41.4 |
(0.1) |
35.7 |
(0.1) |
10.0 |
(0.0) |
12.9 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
11.1 |
(1.7) |
61.8 |
(2.7) |
22.6 |
(2.0) |
4.4 |
(1.4) |
13.3 |
(2.3) |
49.5 |
(2.9) |
30.0 |
(2.4) |
7.2 |
(1.6) |
|||||||||
|
Peru |
25.5 |
(2.6) |
57.0 |
(2.9) |
10.6 |
(1.8) |
6.8 |
(1.5) |
18.9 |
(2.1) |
47.8 |
(2.9) |
22.6 |
(2.4) |
10.7 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||
|
Philippines |
29.3 |
(3.9) |
57.7 |
(3.7) |
8.7 |
(2.1) |
4.3 |
(1.7) |
38.7 |
(3.8) |
50.8 |
(3.9) |
6.7 |
(2.0) |
3.8 |
(1.6) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
48.3 |
(0.1) |
40.5 |
(0.1) |
9.1 |
(0.0) |
2.1 |
(0.0) |
57.0 |
(0.1) |
32.0 |
(0.1) |
9.9 |
(0.1) |
1.1 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
65.2 |
(3.5) |
31.2 |
(3.4) |
1.5 |
(0.9) |
2.1 |
(0.7) |
16.7 |
(3.3) |
48.9 |
(3.9) |
29.5 |
(3.6) |
4.8 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
46.9 |
(3.2) |
16.1 |
(2.2) |
17.9 |
(2.8) |
19.2 |
(2.7) |
26.9 |
(2.8) |
28.1 |
(3.4) |
32.8 |
(3.4) |
12.2 |
(2.3) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
27.9 |
(3.0) |
49.1 |
(3.6) |
15.3 |
(2.7) |
7.7 |
(1.9) |
38.6 |
(3.3) |
36.6 |
(3.1) |
17.9 |
(2.8) |
6.9 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
48.1 |
(3.6) |
46.9 |
(3.4) |
5.0 |
(1.8) |
0.0 |
c |
32.6 |
(3.5) |
44.1 |
(3.4) |
21.5 |
(3.1) |
1.8 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
45.3 |
(1.1) |
50.4 |
(1.0) |
3.0 |
(0.4) |
1.3 |
(0.0) |
15.6 |
(0.9) |
59.4 |
(1.4) |
22.8 |
(1.0) |
2.2 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
69.7 |
(3.3) |
23.1 |
(3.3) |
2.4 |
(1.0) |
4.9 |
(1.7) |
18.7 |
(2.4) |
49.9 |
(4.0) |
21.6 |
(2.9) |
9.8 |
(2.4) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
54.3 |
(3.8) |
41.7 |
(3.8) |
3.5 |
(1.1) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
55.6 |
(4.0) |
38.1 |
(4.0) |
5.1 |
(1.7) |
1.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
75.6 |
(3.3) |
4.4 |
(1.5) |
3.5 |
(1.1) |
16.4 |
(2.9) |
54.9 |
(4.0) |
23.4 |
(3.1) |
11.3 |
(2.2) |
10.4 |
(2.2) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
27.5 |
(1.3) |
46.1 |
(1.9) |
12.9 |
(0.7) |
13.6 |
(1.0) |
36.4 |
(1.6) |
35.4 |
(1.8) |
19.5 |
(1.1) |
8.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
8.5 |
(2.0) |
30.1 |
(3.8) |
43.5 |
(3.9) |
17.9 |
(3.1) |
13.4 |
(2.3) |
27.0 |
(3.3) |
44.9 |
(4.1) |
14.7 |
(2.8) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
44.9 |
(4.6) |
49.1 |
(4.7) |
3.8 |
(1.6) |
2.2 |
(1.4) |
67.9 |
(4.1) |
29.0 |
(4.0) |
2.4 |
(1.4) |
0.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students in schools whose principal reported that the following behaviours hinder student learning: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Teachers being too strict with students |
Teachers not being well prepared for classes |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
29.5 |
(1.8) |
61.1 |
(2.0) |
9.4 |
(1.3) |
0.0 |
c |
20.0 |
(1.6) |
66.5 |
(2.0) |
11.4 |
(1.5) |
2.1 |
(0.6) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
29.5 |
(3.7) |
59.4 |
(3.8) |
10.9 |
(2.2) |
0.2 |
(0.2) |
43.2 |
(3.5) |
52.8 |
(3.6) |
2.7 |
(1.1) |
1.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
14.1 |
(2.2) |
66.4 |
(3.1) |
15.8 |
(2.3) |
3.6 |
(1.2) |
12.8 |
(2.3) |
66.2 |
(3.3) |
18.8 |
(2.3) |
2.2 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
20.2 |
(1.7) |
62.4 |
(2.5) |
15.9 |
(2.0) |
1.5 |
(0.6) |
22.9 |
(2.0) |
68.5 |
(2.2) |
7.4 |
(1.0) |
1.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
12.6 |
(2.6) |
60.3 |
(3.7) |
26.2 |
(3.5) |
0.8 |
(0.8) |
24.5 |
(3.4) |
44.4 |
(3.9) |
22.2 |
(3.3) |
9.0 |
(2.4) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
16.9 |
(2.5) |
56.7 |
(3.2) |
23.6 |
(2.7) |
2.7 |
(1.1) |
43.0 |
(3.6) |
36.5 |
(3.6) |
12.0 |
(2.3) |
8.4 |
(2.0) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
29.2 |
(2.9) |
63.9 |
(3.2) |
6.9 |
(1.5) |
0.0 |
c |
56.1 |
(3.3) |
41.2 |
(3.3) |
1.2 |
(0.5) |
1.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
38.0 |
(3.2) |
59.2 |
(3.3) |
2.1 |
(0.8) |
0.8 |
(0.6) |
40.4 |
(3.5) |
52.6 |
(3.4) |
5.6 |
(1.6) |
1.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
26.1 |
(2.1) |
55.0 |
(2.0) |
18.9 |
(1.3) |
0.0 |
c |
44.0 |
(1.9) |
49.6 |
(1.9) |
4.2 |
(0.6) |
2.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
39.8 |
(3.7) |
54.2 |
(4.0) |
6.0 |
(1.7) |
0.0 |
c |
39.4 |
(3.4) |
55.7 |
(3.3) |
4.3 |
(1.5) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
France |
27.5 |
(3.1) |
48.7 |
(3.8) |
19.3 |
(2.8) |
4.5 |
(1.5) |
26.9 |
(3.1) |
54.4 |
(3.7) |
17.1 |
(2.9) |
1.6 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
25.2 |
(2.9) |
64.6 |
(3.3) |
10.2 |
(2.2) |
0.0 |
c |
11.8 |
(2.4) |
74.6 |
(3.4) |
12.8 |
(2.4) |
0.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Greece |
36.0 |
(3.4) |
54.2 |
(3.5) |
7.4 |
(1.8) |
2.3 |
(1.1) |
57.0 |
(2.9) |
30.0 |
(2.5) |
7.3 |
(1.7) |
5.7 |
(1.7) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
43.0 |
(3.4) |
46.6 |
(3.6) |
10.0 |
(2.4) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
49.0 |
(3.9) |
42.6 |
(3.6) |
5.5 |
(1.7) |
2.8 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
48.0 |
(0.3) |
46.0 |
(0.2) |
6.1 |
(0.1) |
0.0 |
c |
29.2 |
(0.2) |
60.5 |
(0.2) |
8.2 |
(0.1) |
2.2 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
23.8 |
(3.7) |
67.3 |
(3.8) |
8.8 |
(2.2) |
0.0 |
c |
18.1 |
(3.1) |
68.5 |
(3.9) |
12.1 |
(2.8) |
1.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
17.2 |
(2.7) |
62.9 |
(3.7) |
17.7 |
(2.9) |
2.2 |
(1.1) |
23.9 |
(3.0) |
53.4 |
(3.8) |
14.4 |
(2.6) |
8.3 |
(2.4) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
22.5 |
(2.2) |
58.0 |
(3.1) |
19.3 |
(2.8) |
0.2 |
(0.1) |
27.5 |
(3.0) |
51.1 |
(3.4) |
14.1 |
(2.2) |
7.3 |
(1.7) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
10.6 |
(2.1) |
65.5 |
(3.6) |
22.7 |
(3.2) |
1.2 |
(0.8) |
5.1 |
(1.7) |
66.5 |
(3.6) |
25.6 |
(3.3) |
2.8 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
29.8 |
(3.8) |
52.7 |
(3.9) |
17.1 |
(2.8) |
0.3 |
(0.3) |
32.6 |
(3.8) |
47.8 |
(3.7) |
15.4 |
(2.8) |
4.2 |
(1.6) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
31.7 |
(1.9) |
59.9 |
(1.9) |
7.8 |
(1.1) |
0.6 |
(0.4) |
37.6 |
(2.0) |
56.6 |
(1.8) |
5.2 |
(0.8) |
0.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
49.3 |
(1.8) |
48.4 |
(1.8) |
2.0 |
(0.4) |
0.3 |
(0.2) |
39.9 |
(1.6) |
55.5 |
(1.6) |
2.3 |
(0.4) |
2.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
26.2 |
(0.1) |
68.3 |
(0.1) |
2.5 |
(0.1) |
3.0 |
(0.0) |
18.1 |
(0.1) |
81.8 |
(0.1) |
0.0 |
c |
0.1 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
17.9 |
(2.5) |
55.5 |
(3.3) |
21.7 |
(2.8) |
4.9 |
(1.4) |
41.4 |
(2.9) |
47.3 |
(3.3) |
6.9 |
(1.7) |
4.4 |
(1.4) |
|||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
11.1 |
(2.6) |
64.2 |
(4.2) |
23.3 |
(3.8) |
1.3 |
(0.4) |
7.7 |
(2.2) |
58.2 |
(4.1) |
30.1 |
(3.8) |
3.9 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
20.9 |
(2.8) |
71.9 |
(3.0) |
6.8 |
(1.7) |
0.4 |
(0.4) |
15.1 |
(2.4) |
76.8 |
(2.4) |
7.0 |
(1.2) |
1.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
21.8 |
(2.5) |
71.8 |
(3.1) |
6.5 |
(1.7) |
0.0 |
c |
11.8 |
(2.2) |
78.7 |
(2.5) |
8.9 |
(1.7) |
0.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
48.3 |
(3.2) |
43.3 |
(3.2) |
6.9 |
(1.8) |
1.4 |
(0.8) |
47.3 |
(3.3) |
43.7 |
(3.6) |
2.3 |
(1.0) |
6.7 |
(1.7) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
21.5 |
(2.3) |
65.7 |
(3.0) |
10.2 |
(1.9) |
2.6 |
(1.2) |
23.6 |
(2.4) |
56.3 |
(3.4) |
12.7 |
(2.5) |
7.4 |
(1.4) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
27.3 |
(2.3) |
54.1 |
(2.6) |
18.2 |
(2.1) |
0.4 |
(0.3) |
43.7 |
(2.7) |
47.2 |
(2.7) |
6.5 |
(1.4) |
2.5 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
68.3 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.1) |
0.1 |
(0.1) |
32.6 |
(0.6) |
53.3 |
(0.6) |
9.4 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
23.8 |
(1.9) |
65.3 |
(2.0) |
9.9 |
(1.1) |
1.1 |
(0.3) |
29.4 |
(1.8) |
57.1 |
(2.1) |
9.2 |
(1.5) |
4.4 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
42.5 |
(3.7) |
53.2 |
(3.7) |
4.3 |
(1.5) |
0.0 |
c |
31.0 |
(3.0) |
60.5 |
(3.1) |
8.5 |
(1.7) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
28.4 |
(3.4) |
65.9 |
(3.7) |
5.3 |
(1.8) |
0.4 |
(0.4) |
46.8 |
(3.7) |
51.2 |
(3.7) |
1.5 |
(1.0) |
0.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
55.9 |
(3.7) |
43.2 |
(3.6) |
0.0 |
c |
0.9 |
(0.7) |
34.2 |
(3.6) |
51.0 |
(3.6) |
11.0 |
(2.3) |
3.8 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
32.9 |
(3.5) |
64.4 |
(3.5) |
2.7 |
(1.0) |
0.1 |
(0.1) |
22.3 |
(3.2) |
72.9 |
(3.5) |
4.1 |
(1.3) |
0.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
20.6 |
(3.4) |
68.7 |
(4.4) |
10.8 |
(2.6) |
0.0 |
c |
22.0 |
(3.4) |
68.4 |
(3.5) |
9.6 |
(2.3) |
0.0 |
c |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
28.1 |
(0.5) |
59.4 |
(0.5) |
11.4 |
(0.3) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
30.6 |
(0.5) |
56.8 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students in schools whose principal reported that the following behaviours hinder student learning: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Teachers being too strict with students |
Teachers not being well prepared for classes |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
Not at all |
Very little |
To some extent |
A lot |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
47.5 |
(2.3) |
42.1 |
(2.6) |
8.2 |
(1.7) |
2.2 |
(0.9) |
69.8 |
(2.3) |
18.5 |
(1.7) |
3.1 |
(0.6) |
8.5 |
(1.5) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
23.4 |
(2.8) |
53.4 |
(3.4) |
21.8 |
(2.5) |
1.3 |
(0.8) |
36.1 |
(2.9) |
41.6 |
(3.0) |
18.6 |
(2.6) |
3.8 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
27.3 |
(3.8) |
† |
34.9 |
(3.8) |
† |
30.4 |
(4.2) |
† |
7.4 |
(2.0) |
† |
55.9 |
(4.4) |
† |
23.7 |
(3.8) |
† |
12.8 |
(3.3) |
† |
7.5 |
(2.3) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
45.3 |
(4.1) |
42.9 |
(3.7) |
10.8 |
(2.5) |
1.0 |
(0.7) |
59.1 |
(3.5) |
28.3 |
(3.7) |
5.4 |
(1.3) |
7.3 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
20.2 |
(2.9) |
58.1 |
(3.5) |
20.9 |
(3.1) |
0.9 |
(0.7) |
27.4 |
(3.0) |
47.5 |
(3.8) |
18.5 |
(2.7) |
6.6 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
33.6 |
(2.5) |
48.2 |
(2.4) |
16.0 |
(1.5) |
2.2 |
(0.7) |
28.9 |
(2.1) |
38.2 |
(2.1) |
24.1 |
(2.1) |
8.8 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
8.5 |
(0.1) |
68.1 |
(0.1) |
18.9 |
(0.1) |
4.6 |
(0.0) |
13.3 |
(0.0) |
60.5 |
(0.1) |
18.2 |
(0.1) |
8.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
37.2 |
(3.1) |
40.1 |
(3.1) |
21.0 |
(2.5) |
1.6 |
(0.7) |
31.6 |
(3.4) |
27.2 |
(3.4) |
21.2 |
(3.1) |
20.1 |
(2.9) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
52.1 |
(4.3) |
35.4 |
(3.7) |
9.6 |
(2.0) |
2.9 |
(1.5) |
46.6 |
(4.1) |
35.5 |
(3.8) |
10.1 |
(2.3) |
7.8 |
(1.7) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
16.5 |
(2.7) |
58.8 |
(3.2) |
19.5 |
(2.7) |
5.2 |
(1.5) |
27.4 |
(2.8) |
47.1 |
(3.6) |
20.7 |
(3.0) |
4.7 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
22.8 |
(3.0) |
53.6 |
(3.1) |
18.0 |
(2.5) |
5.6 |
(1.4) |
16.4 |
(2.7) |
50.6 |
(3.7) |
22.6 |
(2.6) |
10.3 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
23.8 |
(0.8) |
60.8 |
(0.3) |
15.4 |
(0.8) |
0.0 |
c |
42.1 |
(0.5) |
50.3 |
(0.5) |
5.2 |
(0.1) |
2.4 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
18.1 |
(2.7) |
60.7 |
(3.6) |
18.3 |
(2.8) |
2.9 |
(1.1) |
37.9 |
(4.2) |
48.1 |
(3.7) |
10.9 |
(2.3) |
3.1 |
(1.2) |
|||||||||
|
Georgia |
59.5 |
(2.8) |
29.8 |
(2.7) |
8.0 |
(1.9) |
2.7 |
(0.9) |
35.2 |
(3.0) |
34.9 |
(3.3) |
12.2 |
(2.3) |
17.7 |
(2.7) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
16.9 |
(3.3) |
71.4 |
(4.3) |
11.6 |
(3.1) |
0.0 |
c |
11.8 |
(3.4) |
65.9 |
(4.7) |
21.1 |
(3.5) |
1.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
34.3 |
(4.2) |
44.5 |
(4.2) |
18.9 |
(3.4) |
2.3 |
(1.4) |
50.0 |
(4.3) |
35.6 |
(4.2) |
13.1 |
(3.7) |
1.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
28.4 |
(3.3) |
47.1 |
(3.3) |
18.3 |
(2.8) |
6.2 |
(1.7) |
33.8 |
(3.0) |
35.5 |
(3.5) |
18.0 |
(2.7) |
12.7 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
19.8 |
(1.7) |
23.4 |
(2.1) |
37.4 |
(2.6) |
19.4 |
(2.2) |
13.5 |
(1.7) |
16.4 |
(1.8) |
26.3 |
(2.3) |
43.8 |
(2.8) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
18.1 |
(1.3) |
58.2 |
(1.7) |
21.8 |
(1.4) |
1.9 |
(0.5) |
34.2 |
(1.6) |
47.6 |
(1.7) |
8.2 |
(1.0) |
9.9 |
(1.3) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
37.1 |
(2.9) |
41.5 |
(2.8) |
15.8 |
(2.0) |
5.7 |
(1.4) |
44.7 |
(3.1) |
35.9 |
(2.9) |
7.9 |
(1.6) |
11.5 |
(2.0) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
35.7 |
(0.1) |
48.7 |
(0.1) |
12.8 |
(0.0) |
2.8 |
(0.0) |
29.9 |
(0.0) |
55.3 |
(0.1) |
11.7 |
(0.0) |
3.1 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
22.9 |
(3.2) |
60.9 |
(3.8) |
14.1 |
(2.6) |
2.1 |
(1.0) |
23.3 |
(3.2) |
53.2 |
(3.5) |
8.6 |
(2.0) |
14.9 |
(2.6) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
29.7 |
(0.1) |
39.6 |
(0.2) |
27.6 |
(0.1) |
3.1 |
(0.0) |
24.3 |
(0.1) |
58.7 |
(0.1) |
11.7 |
(0.1) |
5.3 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
30.5 |
(3.0) |
53.4 |
(3.4) |
13.9 |
(2.9) |
2.2 |
(1.1) |
34.8 |
(3.3) |
44.2 |
(4.0) |
11.8 |
(2.6) |
9.2 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
68.9 |
(0.3) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
0.0 |
c |
44.7 |
(0.2) |
47.8 |
(0.3) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
6.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
25.5 |
(3.6) |
42.6 |
(4.0) |
27.6 |
(3.2) |
4.3 |
(1.6) |
37.0 |
(3.7) |
28.4 |
(3.6) |
17.5 |
(2.8) |
17.1 |
(2.8) |
|||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
40.4 |
(0.1) |
42.2 |
(0.1) |
13.5 |
(0.1) |
3.9 |
(0.0) |
58.4 |
(0.1) |
27.7 |
(0.1) |
10.0 |
(0.1) |
3.9 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
10.0 |
(1.8) |
55.7 |
(2.7) |
31.1 |
(2.6) |
3.2 |
(0.7) |
28.6 |
(2.8) |
50.0 |
(3.0) |
15.2 |
(1.8) |
6.1 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||
|
Peru |
15.6 |
(2.0) |
58.5 |
(3.0) |
19.2 |
(2.1) |
6.7 |
(1.3) |
18.8 |
(2.4) |
54.3 |
(3.4) |
19.0 |
(2.1) |
8.0 |
(1.6) |
|||||||||
|
Philippines |
24.5 |
(3.1) |
59.5 |
(3.5) |
13.4 |
(2.7) |
2.6 |
(1.3) |
36.4 |
(3.3) |
50.1 |
(3.4) |
5.9 |
(1.8) |
7.6 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
55.3 |
(0.1) |
39.4 |
(0.1) |
5.2 |
(0.0) |
0.0 |
c |
54.6 |
(0.1) |
36.9 |
(0.1) |
5.0 |
(0.0) |
3.6 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
27.9 |
(3.9) |
59.5 |
(4.2) |
11.8 |
(2.4) |
0.8 |
(0.7) |
55.0 |
(4.2) |
38.5 |
(3.9) |
3.7 |
(1.5) |
2.8 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
26.0 |
(2.3) |
36.3 |
(2.7) |
31.3 |
(2.6) |
6.4 |
(1.4) |
31.7 |
(3.0) |
24.0 |
(2.9) |
18.2 |
(2.1) |
26.1 |
(3.3) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
63.1 |
(3.3) |
25.2 |
(3.2) |
7.5 |
(2.0) |
4.1 |
(1.4) |
46.5 |
(3.5) |
36.0 |
(3.1) |
11.2 |
(2.3) |
6.3 |
(1.8) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
36.6 |
(3.6) |
51.3 |
(3.7) |
12.1 |
(2.7) |
0.0 |
c |
38.6 |
(3.6) |
44.1 |
(3.5) |
15.9 |
(3.0) |
1.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
21.6 |
(0.5) |
63.6 |
(0.9) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
0.0 |
c |
21.2 |
(0.8) |
70.6 |
(0.9) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
1.1 |
(0.0) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
20.7 |
(3.1) |
59.7 |
(3.8) |
16.5 |
(3.0) |
3.1 |
(1.3) |
26.8 |
(3.0) |
49.7 |
(3.8) |
17.7 |
(3.0) |
5.8 |
(1.9) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
31.3 |
(3.5) |
50.0 |
(3.9) |
17.0 |
(3.1) |
1.7 |
(0.9) |
45.9 |
(3.4) |
36.6 |
(3.5) |
11.1 |
(2.0) |
6.4 |
(2.1) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
38.2 |
(3.5) |
39.9 |
(3.4) |
17.2 |
(3.1) |
4.7 |
(1.5) |
48.2 |
(4.1) |
31.2 |
(3.3) |
5.1 |
(1.6) |
15.5 |
(2.7) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
33.1 |
(1.1) |
45.1 |
(1.7) |
16.1 |
(1.1) |
5.6 |
(0.5) |
34.4 |
(1.5) |
41.3 |
(2.0) |
10.7 |
(0.9) |
13.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
26.1 |
(3.3) |
50.1 |
(3.8) |
19.0 |
(2.5) |
4.8 |
(1.4) |
21.9 |
(3.0) |
43.0 |
(3.8) |
29.8 |
(3.3) |
5.3 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
23.6 |
(3.5) |
62.6 |
(4.1) |
13.2 |
(3.0) |
0.7 |
(0.7) |
21.1 |
(3.5) |
67.6 |
(4.0) |
8.6 |
(2.5) |
2.7 |
(1.5) |
|||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
← 1. Higher values in the index indicate that teacher behaviour hinders student learning to a greater extent. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.8.1. Student co-operation
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students' reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of student co-operation1 |
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
Students seem to value co-operation |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all true |
Slightly true |
Very true |
Extremely true |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
0.02 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
† |
5.1 |
(0.2) |
36.2 |
(0.5) |
46.7 |
(0.5) |
11.9 |
(0.4) |
||||||||||
|
Austria |
0.36 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
19.9 |
(0.8) |
48.4 |
(0.7) |
24.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
- 0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
35.2 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(0.7) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
- 0.17 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
† |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
42.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
35.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||
|
Colombia |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
† |
13.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
33.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
45.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.22 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
46.8 |
(0.9) |
34.0 |
(0.8) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
0.34 |
(0.01) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
21.2 |
(0.8) |
59.2 |
(0.9) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.12 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
46.0 |
(0.8) |
37.0 |
(0.8) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
31.5 |
(0.8) |
55.2 |
(0.8) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
- 0.38 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
† |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
47.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||
|
Germany |
0.07 |
(0.03) |
‡ |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
‡ |
9.9 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
28.1 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
46.4 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
15.6 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
Greece |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
40.0 |
(0.7) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
40.0 |
(0.9) |
40.0 |
(1.0) |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
0.31 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
† |
7.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
19.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
56.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
16.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||
|
Ireland |
- 0.17 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
43.2 |
(0.8) |
42.6 |
(0.9) |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
40.0 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
- 0.31 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
47.3 |
(0.9) |
33.4 |
(0.8) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
36.4 |
(0.8) |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
17.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
0.16 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
27.0 |
(0.7) |
49.3 |
(0.8) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
- 0.22 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
47.9 |
(0.9) |
35.4 |
(0.8) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
0.22 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
43.9 |
(0.6) |
21.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
- 0.05 |
(0.01) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
44.1 |
(0.8) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
- 0.05 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
‡ |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
37.9 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
42.7 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
Netherlands* |
0.18 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
30.1 |
(0.8) |
53.6 |
(0.8) |
13.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
39.6 |
(0.9) |
45.8 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
0.62 |
(0.02) |
0.85 |
(0.01) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
57.4 |
(0.9) |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
0.00 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
29.2 |
(0.8) |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
- 0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
41.5 |
(0.9) |
44.1 |
(0.8) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.23 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
42.3 |
(0.7) |
34.7 |
(0.7) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
40.9 |
(0.8) |
39.8 |
(0.8) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
- 0.13 |
(0.01) |
† |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
† |
11.0 |
(0.3) |
† |
37.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
41.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||
|
Sweden |
- 0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
36.8 |
(0.8) |
45.2 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
0.13 |
(0.03) |
† |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
† |
8.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
27.1 |
(1.0) |
† |
45.0 |
(1.2) |
† |
19.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
|||||||
|
Turkey |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
1.15 |
(0.01) |
13.9 |
(0.4) |
27.9 |
(0.6) |
37.7 |
(0.6) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
- 0.14 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
44.5 |
(0.7) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
- 0.16 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
6.6 |
(0.5) |
42.4 |
(0.9) |
41.5 |
(0.9) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
0.00 |
(0.00) |
0.98 |
(0.00) |
8.0 |
(0.1) |
35.0 |
(0.1) |
43.7 |
(0.1) |
13.2 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.65 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
31.9 |
(0.9) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
- 0.55 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
† |
19.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
51.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
† |
10.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
41.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||
|
Belarus |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
37.8 |
(0.8) |
41.5 |
(0.8) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
9.6 |
(0.6) |
33.6 |
(0.7) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
- 0.35 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
† |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
34.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
39.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
- 0.08 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
42.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
38.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.18 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
38.0 |
(0.6) |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
- 0.36 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
† |
19.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
40.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||
|
Costa Rica |
- 0.17 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
39.2 |
(0.9) |
36.6 |
(1.0) |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
38.8 |
(0.7) |
39.8 |
(0.6) |
14.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
- 0.22 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
† |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
40.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
32.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
13.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
- 0.08 |
(0.03) |
‡ |
1.12 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
18.6 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
25.6 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
41.3 |
(1.8) |
‡ |
14.5 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
Georgia |
0.26 |
(0.02) |
1.10 |
(0.01) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
43.3 |
(0.8) |
28.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
33.9 |
(0.8) |
51.4 |
(0.8) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.34 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
4.1 |
(0.4) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
55.2 |
(0.8) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
0.01 |
(0.02) |
1.13 |
(0.01) |
19.4 |
(0.8) |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
0.27 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
8.6 |
(0.3) |
19.8 |
(0.5) |
55.1 |
(0.6) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.50 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
- 0.10 |
(0.03) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
20.1 |
(1.1) |
29.6 |
(0.9) |
32.8 |
(1.0) |
17.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
0.04 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
38.2 |
(0.8) |
47.5 |
(0.9) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.51 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
18.3 |
(0.8) |
52.7 |
(0.8) |
25.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
36.4 |
(1.0) |
42.8 |
(0.8) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
0.13 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
32.1 |
(0.8) |
49.8 |
(0.8) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
33.5 |
(0.6) |
37.8 |
(0.7) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
- 0.18 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
‡ |
17.8 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
27.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
44.8 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
9.5 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
North Macedonia |
0.40 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
47.2 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
- 0.13 |
(0.03) |
‡ |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
‡ |
12.1 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
39.0 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
34.2 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
14.6 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
Peru |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
‡ |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
33.1 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
50.3 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
10.3 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
Philippines |
0.16 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
48.9 |
(0.8) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
- 0.03 |
(0.01) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
11.9 |
(0.3) |
34.6 |
(0.4) |
36.1 |
(0.5) |
17.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
8.7 |
(0.7) |
27.9 |
(0.8) |
50.0 |
(0.9) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
32.1 |
(0.9) |
46.1 |
(0.9) |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
- 0.16 |
(0.03) |
1.15 |
(0.01) |
19.8 |
(0.9) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
28.9 |
(0.6) |
16.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
- 0.12 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
† |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
37.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
35.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||
|
Singapore |
0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
31.6 |
(0.6) |
50.1 |
(0.7) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
0.28 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
28.2 |
(0.5) |
48.1 |
(0.7) |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
0.14 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
27.3 |
(0.6) |
55.6 |
(0.7) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
0.06 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
38.5 |
(1.0) |
35.7 |
(0.8) |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.13 |
(0.01) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
9.7 |
(0.3) |
30.7 |
(0.7) |
38.4 |
(0.5) |
21.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
- 0.24 |
(0.03) |
† |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
† |
14.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
37.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
38.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
9.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||
|
Viet Nam |
- 0.07 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
42.0 |
(1.1) |
44.9 |
(1.0) |
8.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
It seems that students are co-operating with each other |
Students seem to share the feeling that co-operating with each other is important |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all true |
Slightly true |
Very true |
Extremely true |
Not at all true |
Slightly true |
Very true |
Extremely true |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
† |
32.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
52.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
34.2 |
(0.6) |
49.1 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
||||
|
Austria |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
19.1 |
(0.7) |
51.9 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.7) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
50.5 |
(0.8) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
52.5 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
31.3 |
(0.6) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
41.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
38.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
41.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
37.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Colombia |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
48.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
8.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
49.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Czech Republic |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
40.7 |
(0.9) |
41.8 |
(0.9) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
61.6 |
(0.9) |
19.1 |
(0.7) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
55.5 |
(0.8) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
36.8 |
(0.7) |
46.6 |
(0.8) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
44.3 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
26.0 |
(0.8) |
59.7 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
30.7 |
(0.7) |
55.1 |
(0.7) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
France |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
43.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
36.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
42.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
34.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Germany |
7.6 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
26.7 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
50.8 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
14.9 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
7.9 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
28.5 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
48.3 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
15.3 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|
|
Greece |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
42.6 |
(0.7) |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
38.0 |
(1.0) |
43.5 |
(1.1) |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
8.2 |
(0.6) |
37.2 |
(0.9) |
43.5 |
(0.9) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
16.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
59.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
18.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
6.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
17.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
58.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
18.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Ireland |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
49.0 |
(0.9) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
39.8 |
(0.8) |
44.3 |
(0.8) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
44.7 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.8) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
29.9 |
(0.8) |
44.5 |
(0.7) |
18.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
44.1 |
(0.9) |
39.9 |
(0.8) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
42.2 |
(0.9) |
40.1 |
(0.9) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
31.1 |
(0.7) |
44.8 |
(0.7) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
31.3 |
(0.8) |
44.1 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
24.5 |
(0.7) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.7) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
41.1 |
(0.8) |
44.7 |
(0.8) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
41.3 |
(0.9) |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
25.8 |
(0.6) |
46.9 |
(0.7) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
46.5 |
(0.6) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
30.9 |
(0.6) |
47.5 |
(0.7) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
31.6 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
6.0 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
34.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
47.3 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
6.6 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
35.0 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
46.4 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|
|
Netherlands* |
1.7 |
(0.3) |
24.0 |
(0.8) |
59.9 |
(0.9) |
14.4 |
(0.7) |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
31.7 |
(0.9) |
52.3 |
(0.9) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
33.9 |
(0.9) |
52.3 |
(0.9) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
60.6 |
(0.8) |
26.4 |
(0.8) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
59.0 |
(0.8) |
25.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
54.1 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
52.2 |
(0.8) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
37.0 |
(1.0) |
48.1 |
(0.9) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
36.6 |
(0.9) |
48.0 |
(0.9) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
43.1 |
(0.8) |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
40.6 |
(0.7) |
39.4 |
(0.7) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
36.4 |
(0.8) |
45.9 |
(0.9) |
13.3 |
(0.7) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
13.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
7.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
35.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
46.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
35.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
43.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Sweden |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
51.8 |
(0.8) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
45.0 |
(0.9) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
7.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
26.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
47.8 |
(1.1) |
† |
19.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
7.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
29.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
45.7 |
(1.0) |
† |
18.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Turkey |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
28.5 |
(0.5) |
41.4 |
(0.5) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
28.9 |
(0.7) |
40.7 |
(0.6) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
36.7 |
(0.7) |
49.6 |
(0.7) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
40.4 |
(0.6) |
43.7 |
(0.6) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
39.7 |
(0.9) |
45.5 |
(1.0) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
39.7 |
(0.8) |
43.0 |
(1.0) |
9.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
6.1 |
(0.1) |
31.9 |
(0.1) |
48.4 |
(0.1) |
13.6 |
(0.1) |
7.3 |
(0.1) |
33.0 |
(0.1) |
46.4 |
(0.1) |
13.3 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
51.3 |
(0.8) |
33.2 |
(0.9) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
32.4 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
48.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
8.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
16.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
9.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
30.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
44.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
44.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
18.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
34.6 |
(0.8) |
45.8 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
38.6 |
(0.9) |
42.8 |
(0.9) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
43.7 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
44.1 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
36.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
40.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
34.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
42.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
45.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
30.2 |
(0.6) |
46.8 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
45.0 |
(0.7) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
12.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
44.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
31.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
13.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
40.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
33.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Costa Rica |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
37.0 |
(0.9) |
42.0 |
(0.8) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
37.9 |
(0.9) |
39.2 |
(0.9) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
36.8 |
(0.8) |
42.5 |
(0.7) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
35.9 |
(0.7) |
42.6 |
(0.7) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
41.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
36.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
13.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
40.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
37.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
12.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
12.3 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
30.4 |
(1.5) |
‡ |
41.8 |
(1.6) |
‡ |
15.4 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
13.0 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
26.7 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
44.3 |
(1.7) |
‡ |
15.9 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
|
|
Georgia |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
21.3 |
(0.7) |
45.7 |
(0.8) |
24.1 |
(0.8) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
23.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
30.5 |
(0.9) |
55.2 |
(0.8) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
54.7 |
(0.9) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
21.9 |
(0.6) |
57.3 |
(0.6) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
22.0 |
(0.7) |
56.1 |
(0.8) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
38.5 |
(0.6) |
20.9 |
(0.7) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
42.3 |
(0.6) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
6.0 |
(0.2) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
56.6 |
(0.6) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.2) |
19.3 |
(0.5) |
56.6 |
(0.6) |
18.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
49.7 |
(0.9) |
28.4 |
(0.6) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
16.5 |
(0.7) |
50.9 |
(0.8) |
28.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
8.7 |
(0.6) |
35.2 |
(1.1) |
39.2 |
(1.1) |
16.9 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
28.4 |
(0.8) |
42.1 |
(0.9) |
19.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
31.3 |
(0.8) |
52.8 |
(0.9) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
49.9 |
(0.9) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
16.8 |
(0.8) |
53.1 |
(0.8) |
28.0 |
(0.8) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
17.4 |
(0.7) |
53.3 |
(0.7) |
26.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
7.6 |
(0.6) |
35.1 |
(0.9) |
46.6 |
(0.9) |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
7.7 |
(0.6) |
34.4 |
(0.9) |
46.7 |
(0.9) |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
56.1 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
28.0 |
(0.8) |
53.9 |
(0.9) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
43.7 |
(0.8) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
43.1 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
12.6 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
31.4 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
44.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
29.9 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
43.9 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|
|
North Macedonia |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
48.8 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
19.7 |
(0.7) |
49.7 |
(0.9) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
8.4 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
36.9 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
39.1 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
15.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
9.6 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
35.0 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
39.9 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
15.5 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
|
|
Peru |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
31.9 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
52.0 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
11.4 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
5.1 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
31.4 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
51.4 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
12.1 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
|
|
Philippines |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
30.5 |
(0.8) |
48.9 |
(0.8) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
28.1 |
(0.7) |
49.9 |
(0.7) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
33.8 |
(0.4) |
40.4 |
(0.5) |
17.6 |
(0.3) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
32.6 |
(0.4) |
40.0 |
(0.6) |
18.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
53.9 |
(0.9) |
15.1 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
50.4 |
(0.8) |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
30.8 |
(0.8) |
50.4 |
(0.9) |
11.5 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
30.3 |
(0.7) |
50.1 |
(0.9) |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
36.3 |
(0.8) |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
20.2 |
(0.8) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
31.4 |
(0.7) |
35.4 |
(0.6) |
20.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
37.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
39.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
36.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
39.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Singapore |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
53.0 |
(0.7) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
28.3 |
(0.6) |
51.7 |
(0.6) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
24.4 |
(0.6) |
51.4 |
(0.7) |
20.1 |
(0.7) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
24.8 |
(0.6) |
50.0 |
(0.7) |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
29.3 |
(0.8) |
54.5 |
(0.7) |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
28.2 |
(0.7) |
54.6 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
32.0 |
(0.7) |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.8) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
31.6 |
(0.8) |
41.5 |
(0.8) |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
6.4 |
(0.2) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
42.0 |
(0.5) |
22.5 |
(0.5) |
7.8 |
(0.3) |
28.3 |
(0.6) |
41.7 |
(0.5) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
37.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
42.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
9.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
37.2 |
(1.1) |
† |
42.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Viet Nam |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
37.6 |
(0.9) |
48.4 |
(1.0) |
9.6 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
36.0 |
(0.9) |
45.6 |
(0.8) |
12.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Students feel that they are encouraged to co-operate with others |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all true |
Slightly true |
Very true |
Extremely true |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
4.6 |
(0.2) |
† |
28.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
52.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
22.1 |
(0.8) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
45.2 |
(0.7) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chile |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
37.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
9.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
31.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
48.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
43.7 |
(1.0) |
36.7 |
(0.8) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
57.5 |
(0.9) |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
39.6 |
(0.8) |
42.0 |
(0.9) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Finland |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
27.4 |
(0.7) |
57.1 |
(0.7) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
France |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
40.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
8.9 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
31.4 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
45.5 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
14.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Greece |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
33.9 |
(0.6) |
39.4 |
(0.7) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
9.1 |
(0.6) |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
40.2 |
(1.0) |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
6.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
16.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
58.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
19.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
35.0 |
(0.8) |
47.1 |
(0.9) |
10.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Israel |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
43.3 |
(0.7) |
21.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Italy |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
40.5 |
(1.0) |
37.2 |
(0.9) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Japan |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
41.8 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Korea |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
49.3 |
(0.8) |
19.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
40.2 |
(0.9) |
42.0 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
44.8 |
(0.7) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
32.1 |
(0.6) |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
33.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
46.9 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
5.7 |
(0.5) |
34.8 |
(1.0) |
48.9 |
(1.0) |
10.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
31.9 |
(0.9) |
51.4 |
(0.9) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Norway |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
17.2 |
(0.7) |
57.4 |
(0.8) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Poland |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
28.8 |
(0.7) |
49.6 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
37.1 |
(0.9) |
45.8 |
(0.8) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
36.6 |
(0.7) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
43.2 |
(0.9) |
14.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Spain |
9.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
33.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
43.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
13.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
33.7 |
(0.8) |
46.3 |
(1.0) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
8.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
28.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
45.7 |
(1.0) |
† |
17.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
13.2 |
(0.4) |
28.0 |
(0.6) |
39.5 |
(0.5) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
36.4 |
(0.6) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United States* |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
34.7 |
(0.9) |
45.9 |
(1.0) |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
7.8 |
(0.1) |
32.2 |
(0.1) |
45.6 |
(0.1) |
14.4 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
34.3 |
(0.9) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
14.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
28.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
26.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
43.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
21.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
38.9 |
(0.8) |
40.8 |
(0.8) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
30.3 |
(0.7) |
42.6 |
(0.7) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
33.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
40.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
31.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
28.4 |
(0.7) |
44.9 |
(0.7) |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
30.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
35.9 |
(0.8) |
39.3 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
36.3 |
(0.8) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
16.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
37.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
36.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
12.0 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
25.5 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
41.5 |
(1.7) |
‡ |
21.0 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
21.6 |
(0.8) |
43.6 |
(0.9) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
54.1 |
(0.7) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
22.1 |
(0.7) |
54.1 |
(0.8) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
22.8 |
(0.7) |
38.3 |
(0.6) |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
19.4 |
(0.4) |
54.7 |
(0.5) |
19.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
48.8 |
(0.8) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
25.0 |
(0.8) |
37.7 |
(0.9) |
26.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
25.0 |
(0.8) |
51.9 |
(0.9) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
14.7 |
(0.7) |
52.1 |
(0.7) |
30.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malta |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
29.7 |
(0.9) |
48.6 |
(1.0) |
14.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
52.5 |
(0.8) |
17.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
30.9 |
(0.6) |
40.4 |
(0.7) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
13.4 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
24.9 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
44.3 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
17.4 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
48.5 |
(0.8) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Panama |
9.4 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
33.1 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
38.1 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
19.4 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Peru |
4.8 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
30.4 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
51.7 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
13.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
26.3 |
(0.7) |
49.7 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
9.7 |
(0.3) |
29.4 |
(0.5) |
39.2 |
(0.5) |
21.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Romania |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
25.0 |
(0.8) |
50.2 |
(0.8) |
17.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Russia |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
35.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
37.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
24.8 |
(0.6) |
52.7 |
(0.6) |
19.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
24.0 |
(0.5) |
50.2 |
(0.6) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
55.8 |
(0.7) |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
40.9 |
(0.7) |
21.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
7.5 |
(0.2) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
40.7 |
(0.5) |
26.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
11.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
35.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
39.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
13.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
30.3 |
(0.9) |
49.1 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
← 1. The index of student co-operation is based on the following statements: "Students seem to value co-operation"; "It seems that students are co-operating with each other"; and "Students seem to share the feeling that co-operating with each other is important". |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.8.2. Student competition
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students' reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of student competition1 |
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
Students seem to value competition |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all true |
Slightly true |
Very true |
Extremely true |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
0.35 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
29.7 |
(0.5) |
48.0 |
(0.5) |
18.8 |
(0.5) |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
35.4 |
(0.7) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
- 0.31 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
12.7 |
(0.4) |
49.8 |
(0.7) |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
† |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
47.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
31.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
Colombia |
0.12 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
† |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
45.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.51 |
(0.01) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
56.0 |
(0.7) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
- 0.20 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
45.3 |
(1.0) |
40.0 |
(0.9) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.31 |
(0.01) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
57.4 |
(0.7) |
27.4 |
(0.7) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
40.8 |
(0.9) |
47.0 |
(0.9) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
- 0.18 |
(0.02) |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
- 0.40 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
‡ |
16.4 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
50.4 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
28.3 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
4.9 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
Greece |
- 0.06 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
50.5 |
(0.7) |
26.8 |
(0.6) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
- 0.20 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
30.8 |
(0.9) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
† |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
30.0 |
(0.9) |
48.4 |
(1.0) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Ireland |
0.20 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
34.5 |
(0.8) |
44.6 |
(0.8) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
- 0.08 |
(0.02) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
40.6 |
(0.7) |
30.9 |
(0.7) |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
- 0.21 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
46.0 |
(0.8) |
31.0 |
(0.9) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
- 0.37 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
21.1 |
(0.7) |
54.4 |
(0.7) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
0.52 |
(0.02) |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
41.6 |
(0.6) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
- 0.07 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
53.4 |
(0.8) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
0.10 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
41.0 |
(0.7) |
36.5 |
(0.6) |
13.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
- 0.15 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
48.2 |
(0.7) |
31.3 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
0.01 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
41.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||
|
Netherlands* |
- 0.45 |
(0.02) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
64.8 |
(0.8) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
0.34 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
48.4 |
(0.9) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
0.43 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
57.1 |
(0.7) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
0.18 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
10.3 |
(0.6) |
34.8 |
(0.7) |
45.2 |
(0.8) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
37.6 |
(0.8) |
43.2 |
(0.9) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.09 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
47.6 |
(0.8) |
30.3 |
(0.7) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
- 0.16 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
54.1 |
(0.9) |
25.9 |
(0.8) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
- 0.05 |
(0.01) |
† |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
† |
9.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
36.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
41.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
12.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
|||||||
|
Sweden |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
35.2 |
(0.9) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
16.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
- 0.16 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
† |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
46.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
31.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
Turkey |
0.34 |
(0.02) |
1.10 |
(0.01) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
29.9 |
(0.6) |
36.9 |
(0.6) |
23.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
0.30 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
4.4 |
(0.2) |
37.8 |
(0.6) |
42.6 |
(0.6) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
29.8 |
(0.8) |
44.8 |
(0.9) |
22.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
- 0.01 |
(0.00) |
0.96 |
(0.00) |
9.8 |
(0.1) |
42.0 |
(0.1) |
36.4 |
(0.1) |
11.8 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.63 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
50.5 |
(0.7) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
- 0.38 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
† |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
55.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.29 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
† |
9.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
38.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||
|
Belarus |
- 0.30 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
59.0 |
(0.7) |
24.0 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
0.26 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
35.1 |
(0.7) |
38.0 |
(0.8) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
† |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
43.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
0.27 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
† |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
† |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
40.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.18 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
9.0 |
(0.3) |
52.2 |
(0.8) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
† |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
41.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
29.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
38.8 |
(0.7) |
35.5 |
(0.6) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
- 0.31 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
49.8 |
(0.7) |
20.8 |
(0.5) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
0.00 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
† |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.15 |
(0.03) |
‡ |
1.04 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
16.8 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
25.8 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
42.8 |
(1.6) |
‡ |
14.6 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
Georgia |
- 0.12 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
36.9 |
(0.7) |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
0.42 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
32.9 |
(0.8) |
43.0 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
10.2 |
(0.7) |
37.6 |
(0.9) |
43.2 |
(0.9) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
0.37 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
18.4 |
(0.9) |
27.0 |
(0.8) |
36.3 |
(0.8) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
- 0.01 |
(0.01) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
14.2 |
(0.4) |
33.3 |
(0.6) |
42.1 |
(0.5) |
10.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.29 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
9.3 |
(0.6) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
43.4 |
(0.8) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
19.1 |
(1.0) |
31.8 |
(0.9) |
33.1 |
(1.1) |
16.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
0.16 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
43.1 |
(0.9) |
39.3 |
(0.8) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
0.85 |
(0.01) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
48.0 |
(0.7) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
0.36 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
28.8 |
(0.9) |
44.9 |
(0.9) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
0.11 |
(0.01) |
0.80 |
(0.01) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
38.3 |
(0.8) |
48.8 |
(0.7) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
0.26 |
(0.01) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
33.6 |
(0.6) |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
19.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
0.23 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
‡ |
15.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
27.0 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
47.0 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
10.9 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
North Macedonia |
0.24 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
36.3 |
(0.7) |
42.7 |
(0.7) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
0.03 |
(0.03) |
‡ |
1.04 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
12.8 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
40.9 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
32.8 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
13.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
Peru |
0.25 |
(0.02) |
‡ |
0.84 |
(0.01) |
‡ |
5.1 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
35.4 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
50.7 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
8.8 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|||||||
|
Philippines |
0.24 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
45.8 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
0.20 |
(0.01) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
9.9 |
(0.3) |
37.1 |
(0.4) |
35.4 |
(0.4) |
17.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
0.13 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
8.4 |
(0.6) |
31.8 |
(0.7) |
47.8 |
(0.8) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
- 0.09 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
41.7 |
(0.9) |
37.7 |
(0.6) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.23 |
(0.02) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
15.2 |
(0.8) |
33.0 |
(0.8) |
32.9 |
(0.8) |
18.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
† |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
27.1 |
(0.8) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
Singapore |
0.61 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
28.9 |
(0.6) |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
0.35 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
34.9 |
(0.8) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
18.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
0.19 |
(0.02) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
31.5 |
(0.6) |
51.8 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
- 0.22 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
48.7 |
(0.7) |
29.2 |
(0.7) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.24 |
(0.01) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
10.1 |
(0.3) |
36.7 |
(0.6) |
35.5 |
(0.4) |
17.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
- 0.22 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
† |
15.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
40.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
33.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
Viet Nam |
- 0.30 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
15.5 |
(0.7) |
54.4 |
(0.9) |
24.7 |
(1.0) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
It seems that students are competing with each other |
Students seem to share the feeling that competing with each other is important |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all true |
Slightly true |
Very true |
Extremely true |
Not at all true |
Slightly true |
Very true |
Extremely true |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
5.2 |
(0.2) |
30.6 |
(0.5) |
44.2 |
(0.5) |
20.0 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.3) |
35.6 |
(0.6) |
40.8 |
(0.5) |
14.8 |
(0.4) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
35.9 |
(0.8) |
41.3 |
(0.8) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
40.7 |
(0.8) |
37.0 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
19.5 |
(0.5) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
33.4 |
(0.7) |
7.2 |
(0.3) |
25.9 |
(0.6) |
38.8 |
(0.7) |
29.2 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
41.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
14.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
42.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Colombia |
9.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
49.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
47.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Czech Republic |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
51.2 |
(0.8) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
49.0 |
(0.7) |
19.1 |
(0.5) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
45.2 |
(0.7) |
34.3 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
45.8 |
(0.8) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
52.1 |
(0.8) |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
51.2 |
(0.8) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
47.9 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
42.8 |
(0.8) |
41.6 |
(0.8) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
France |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
27.2 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
25.0 |
(0.6) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
21.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
45.2 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
27.4 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
5.9 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
24.0 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
44.1 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
5.7 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
|
|
Greece |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
35.4 |
(0.6) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
44.5 |
(0.7) |
31.2 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
30.4 |
(0.8) |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
37.0 |
(0.8) |
40.9 |
(0.8) |
12.1 |
(0.7) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
40.5 |
(0.9) |
38.0 |
(0.8) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
34.8 |
(0.8) |
40.0 |
(0.9) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
37.6 |
(0.7) |
33.5 |
(0.6) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
20.5 |
(0.8) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
29.9 |
(0.7) |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
43.5 |
(0.8) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
16.7 |
(0.7) |
49.1 |
(0.8) |
26.0 |
(0.8) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
49.0 |
(0.7) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
40.7 |
(0.7) |
32.0 |
(0.9) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
40.6 |
(0.7) |
24.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
45.6 |
(0.7) |
35.7 |
(0.7) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
46.7 |
(0.8) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
40.3 |
(0.6) |
36.7 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
35.0 |
(0.6) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
42.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
39.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
41.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
38.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
49.9 |
(0.9) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
25.8 |
(0.8) |
48.4 |
(1.0) |
22.2 |
(0.8) |
3.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
31.1 |
(0.7) |
45.8 |
(0.8) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
42.1 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
26.4 |
(0.6) |
51.2 |
(0.8) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
35.9 |
(0.8) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
48.3 |
(0.9) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
47.3 |
(0.8) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
35.8 |
(0.7) |
40.9 |
(0.8) |
16.1 |
(0.5) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
40.5 |
(0.8) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
45.8 |
(0.9) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
45.9 |
(0.7) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(0.8) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
15.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
37.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
33.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
13.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
18.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
38.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
33.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
10.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Sweden |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
38.9 |
(0.8) |
37.7 |
(0.6) |
14.3 |
(0.7) |
15.8 |
(0.7) |
41.0 |
(0.7) |
30.8 |
(0.6) |
12.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
37.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
18.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
42.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
31.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Turkey |
8.4 |
(0.3) |
28.1 |
(0.6) |
40.3 |
(0.6) |
23.2 |
(0.6) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
30.1 |
(0.6) |
39.0 |
(0.6) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
29.7 |
(0.7) |
46.8 |
(0.6) |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
35.9 |
(0.8) |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
30.4 |
(0.8) |
41.1 |
(0.9) |
22.6 |
(0.9) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
39.0 |
(0.9) |
18.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
11.2 |
(0.1) |
38.9 |
(0.1) |
36.8 |
(0.1) |
13.1 |
(0.1) |
15.3 |
(0.1) |
40.6 |
(0.1) |
33.7 |
(0.1) |
10.3 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
50.9 |
(0.7) |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
23.9 |
(0.6) |
48.3 |
(0.7) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
45.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
43.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
24.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
35.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
40.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
18.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
33.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
40.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
17.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
52.9 |
(0.6) |
28.0 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
14.3 |
(0.4) |
54.6 |
(0.7) |
25.8 |
(0.6) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
33.3 |
(0.6) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
17.6 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
34.8 |
(0.7) |
40.9 |
(0.6) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
29.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
42.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
30.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
40.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
32.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
42.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
20.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
36.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
33.7 |
(0.8) |
45.2 |
(0.8) |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
33.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Costa Rica |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
32.6 |
(0.8) |
39.9 |
(0.9) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
36.0 |
(0.7) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
46.8 |
(0.7) |
27.9 |
(0.6) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
24.5 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
40.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
35.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
42.0 |
(0.8) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Dominican Republic |
14.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
29.2 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
40.9 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
15.5 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
14.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
26.8 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
42.9 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
16.2 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
|
|
Georgia |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
39.0 |
(0.9) |
31.5 |
(0.8) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
17.0 |
(0.7) |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
34.3 |
(0.9) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
28.4 |
(0.7) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
45.5 |
(0.8) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
10.2 |
(0.7) |
32.4 |
(0.9) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
10.0 |
(0.6) |
34.2 |
(0.8) |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
10.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
41.1 |
(0.6) |
24.0 |
(0.8) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
44.7 |
(0.7) |
22.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
13.9 |
(0.4) |
33.8 |
(0.5) |
42.2 |
(0.5) |
10.2 |
(0.3) |
16.5 |
(0.4) |
33.5 |
(0.6) |
40.3 |
(0.6) |
9.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
33.4 |
(0.8) |
43.4 |
(0.7) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
26.8 |
(0.8) |
47.7 |
(0.8) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
10.9 |
(0.6) |
35.9 |
(0.9) |
36.5 |
(0.9) |
16.7 |
(0.8) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
32.3 |
(0.9) |
38.5 |
(0.9) |
16.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
35.5 |
(0.8) |
42.3 |
(0.8) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
42.5 |
(0.8) |
35.0 |
(0.8) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
24.1 |
(1.0) |
49.9 |
(0.8) |
21.9 |
(0.8) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
28.4 |
(0.8) |
50.3 |
(0.8) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
29.9 |
(0.8) |
42.8 |
(0.8) |
21.3 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.6) |
31.8 |
(0.9) |
43.8 |
(0.9) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
36.9 |
(0.9) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
40.7 |
(0.8) |
41.3 |
(0.8) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
35.9 |
(0.7) |
37.3 |
(0.7) |
18.3 |
(0.5) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
28.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
47.4 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
16.3 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
45.7 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
14.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|
|
North Macedonia |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
12.8 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
36.7 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
35.2 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
15.3 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
15.5 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
34.2 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
34.9 |
(1.4) |
‡ |
15.3 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
|
|
Peru |
4.5 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
32.5 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
50.4 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
12.5 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
‡ |
35.1 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
47.2 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
11.8 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|
|
Philippines |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
37.4 |
(0.6) |
42.6 |
(0.6) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
36.0 |
(0.6) |
44.6 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
8.5 |
(0.3) |
35.5 |
(0.4) |
37.1 |
(0.5) |
18.9 |
(0.3) |
10.9 |
(0.3) |
35.2 |
(0.5) |
36.8 |
(0.4) |
17.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
32.9 |
(0.8) |
43.2 |
(0.8) |
14.5 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
35.3 |
(0.8) |
40.3 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
41.3 |
(0.7) |
36.3 |
(0.7) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
35.7 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
31.2 |
(0.6) |
35.5 |
(0.6) |
20.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
41.5 |
(0.8) |
32.5 |
(0.9) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
21.6 |
(0.5) |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
29.4 |
(0.6) |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
29.2 |
(0.8) |
45.5 |
(0.7) |
20.7 |
(0.7) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
35.4 |
(0.7) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
43.9 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
36.1 |
(0.7) |
46.9 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
46.3 |
(0.8) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
43.8 |
(0.7) |
27.0 |
(0.8) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
8.0 |
(0.3) |
34.0 |
(0.4) |
38.3 |
(0.6) |
19.8 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.3) |
33.9 |
(0.4) |
37.7 |
(0.5) |
18.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
21.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
38.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
29.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
22.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
37.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
30.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Viet Nam |
14.0 |
(0.7) |
41.8 |
(1.0) |
36.2 |
(1.0) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
24.1 |
(0.8) |
44.1 |
(0.8) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Students feel that they are being compared with others |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Not at all true |
Slightly true |
Very true |
Extremely true |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
25.7 |
(0.4) |
39.3 |
(0.5) |
29.0 |
(0.5) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Austria |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
37.9 |
(0.8) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
12.7 |
(0.4) |
31.2 |
(0.6) |
38.9 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chile |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
39.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
17.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
30.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
39.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
13.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
13.3 |
(0.4) |
43.5 |
(0.6) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
39.1 |
(0.7) |
33.3 |
(0.6) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
41.5 |
(0.7) |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Finland |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
37.9 |
(0.9) |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
France |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
32.2 |
(0.6) |
32.5 |
(0.6) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Germany |
12.8 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
34.5 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
37.0 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
15.7 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Greece |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
31.3 |
(0.6) |
34.7 |
(0.7) |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
10.3 |
(0.6) |
32.4 |
(0.9) |
42.8 |
(0.9) |
14.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
26.3 |
(0.8) |
35.9 |
(0.9) |
29.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Israel |
16.7 |
(0.7) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
28.1 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Italy |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Japan |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Korea |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
24.0 |
(0.6) |
38.3 |
(0.6) |
25.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
37.8 |
(0.8) |
35.3 |
(0.8) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
34.8 |
(0.6) |
34.1 |
(0.7) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
34.7 |
(0.6) |
36.8 |
(0.6) |
17.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
37.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
37.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
10.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
42.3 |
(0.9) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
26.3 |
(0.7) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
29.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Norway |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
27.2 |
(0.7) |
44.7 |
(0.6) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Poland |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
24.0 |
(0.6) |
44.8 |
(0.8) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
37.4 |
(0.8) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
39.5 |
(0.8) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
17.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
43.5 |
(0.7) |
31.5 |
(0.7) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Spain |
14.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
31.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
33.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
20.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
32.1 |
(0.7) |
39.2 |
(0.8) |
20.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
35.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
37.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
25.5 |
(0.7) |
37.7 |
(0.7) |
26.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
35.6 |
(0.7) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United States* |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
35.6 |
(0.7) |
32.5 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
11.3 |
(0.1) |
33.8 |
(0.1) |
35.6 |
(0.1) |
19.3 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
45.0 |
(0.7) |
25.2 |
(0.7) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
30.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
40.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
12.0 |
(0.4) |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
30.9 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
30.6 |
(0.6) |
38.6 |
(0.6) |
22.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
40.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
18.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
24.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
35.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
34.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
36.8 |
(0.6) |
31.4 |
(0.6) |
19.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
21.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
33.0 |
(0.6) |
31.5 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
29.7 |
(0.6) |
18.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
32.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
32.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
24.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
19.1 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
24.7 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
36.6 |
(1.3) |
‡ |
19.6 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
42.6 |
(0.7) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
14.4 |
(0.7) |
35.1 |
(0.6) |
39.0 |
(0.7) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
24.9 |
(0.6) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
28.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
16.3 |
(0.4) |
31.2 |
(0.5) |
40.4 |
(0.6) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
28.6 |
(0.8) |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
20.4 |
(0.8) |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
28.2 |
(0.8) |
24.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
33.9 |
(0.8) |
34.6 |
(0.8) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malta |
5.6 |
(0.5) |
23.0 |
(0.8) |
38.9 |
(0.9) |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
41.1 |
(0.8) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
36.4 |
(0.6) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
9.9 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
24.5 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
45.6 |
(0.9) |
‡ |
20.0 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
29.2 |
(0.6) |
38.3 |
(0.8) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Panama |
14.2 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
30.1 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
33.2 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
22.6 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Peru |
9.4 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
38.8 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
40.4 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
|||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
17.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
11.4 |
(0.3) |
31.0 |
(0.4) |
32.5 |
(0.4) |
25.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Romania |
13.5 |
(0.7) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
38.2 |
(0.8) |
19.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Russia |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
35.0 |
(0.6) |
39.3 |
(0.6) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
29.0 |
(0.6) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
36.7 |
(0.7) |
30.2 |
(0.6) |
19.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
37.7 |
(0.5) |
40.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
36.5 |
(0.7) |
41.6 |
(0.8) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
29.5 |
(0.6) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
32.3 |
(0.5) |
32.4 |
(0.5) |
23.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
20.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
33.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
31.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
15.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
33.6 |
(0.8) |
34.8 |
(0.7) |
18.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
← 1. The index of student competition is based on the following statements: "Students seem to value competition"; "It seems that students are competing with each other"; and "Students seem to share the feeling that competing with each other is important". |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.9.1. Students' sense of belonging at school
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of sense of belonging |
I feel like an outsider (or left out of things) at school |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
- 0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
24.5 |
(0.5) |
48.4 |
(0.5) |
20.2 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
0.40 |
(0.02) |
1.22 |
(0.01) |
57.3 |
(0.8) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
0.06 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
43.3 |
(0.6) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
- 0.18 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
26.8 |
(0.5) |
46.7 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.4) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
- 0.10 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
33.1 |
(0.6) |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
- 0.18 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
50.3 |
(0.7) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.28 |
(0.01) |
0.78 |
(0.01) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
55.7 |
(0.8) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
0.21 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
51.1 |
(0.8) |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.13 |
(0.01) |
0.85 |
(0.01) |
33.7 |
(0.8) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
0.01 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
42.6 |
(0.6) |
42.2 |
(0.6) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
- 0.07 |
(0.01) |
0.78 |
(0.01) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
47.3 |
(0.7) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
0.28 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
† |
54.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
30.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||
|
Greece |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
37.4 |
(0.7) |
43.0 |
(0.7) |
14.6 |
(0.4) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
1.25 |
(0.02) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
35.9 |
(1.0) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
- 0.15 |
(0.01) |
0.85 |
(0.01) |
26.6 |
(0.6) |
51.4 |
(0.7) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
43.4 |
(0.8) |
42.9 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
42.0 |
(0.8) |
45.5 |
(0.8) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
0.28 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
49.1 |
(0.7) |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
- 0.26 |
(0.01) |
0.86 |
(0.02) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
51.4 |
(0.8) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
- 0.13 |
(0.01) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
48.5 |
(0.6) |
25.2 |
(0.5) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
0.09 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
47.7 |
(0.6) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
† |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
44.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||
|
Netherlands* |
0.20 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
- 0.21 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
24.8 |
(0.6) |
49.1 |
(0.7) |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
0.36 |
(0.02) |
1.20 |
(0.01) |
56.6 |
(0.8) |
30.9 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
- 0.24 |
(0.01) |
0.87 |
(0.02) |
28.0 |
(0.6) |
50.5 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
0.12 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.28 |
(0.01) |
0.87 |
(0.02) |
25.6 |
(0.6) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
17.6 |
(0.7) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
- 0.11 |
(0.01) |
0.84 |
(0.01) |
29.4 |
(0.8) |
50.1 |
(0.9) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
0.46 |
(0.01) |
1.17 |
(0.01) |
58.5 |
(0.5) |
30.0 |
(0.4) |
7.0 |
(0.2) |
4.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.12 |
(0.02) |
39.5 |
(0.7) |
40.7 |
(0.6) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
0.30 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
52.1 |
(0.8) |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
- 0.14 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
35.5 |
(0.7) |
40.9 |
(0.7) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
- 0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
25.6 |
(0.7) |
49.0 |
(0.7) |
18.9 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
- 0.24 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
22.0 |
(0.6) |
47.0 |
(0.8) |
23.1 |
(0.8) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
0.00 |
(0.00) |
0.97 |
(0.00) |
37.8 |
(0.1) |
42.6 |
(0.1) |
13.6 |
(0.1) |
5.9 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.40 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
60.2 |
(0.9) |
28.6 |
(0.8) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
29.3 |
(0.7) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
18.2 |
(0.7) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
- 0.21 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.03 |
(0.02) |
† |
32.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
36.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
Belarus |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.86 |
(0.02) |
44.4 |
(0.8) |
44.1 |
(0.8) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
- 0.03 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
32.5 |
(0.7) |
47.0 |
(0.7) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
- 0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
46.7 |
(0.8) |
19.0 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
- 0.44 |
(0.01) |
0.67 |
(0.01) |
15.9 |
(0.4) |
47.1 |
(0.6) |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
- 0.19 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.02) |
23.4 |
(0.7) |
58.1 |
(0.8) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
- 0.30 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.02) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
13.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
1.10 |
(0.01) |
38.2 |
(0.8) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
0.06 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
39.1 |
(0.7) |
45.8 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
- 0.07 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.02) |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
15.0 |
(0.5) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
- 0.26 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.02 |
(0.03) |
† |
25.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
39.4 |
(1.1) |
† |
22.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
13.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||
|
Georgia |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
43.1 |
(0.8) |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
9.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
- 0.39 |
(0.01) |
0.70 |
(0.01) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
57.0 |
(0.8) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
- 0.14 |
(0.01) |
0.79 |
(0.01) |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
55.4 |
(0.8) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
- 0.17 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.02) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
40.3 |
(0.8) |
19.5 |
(0.5) |
14.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
- 0.21 |
(0.01) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
29.8 |
(0.5) |
49.0 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.4) |
7.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.00 |
(0.02) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
42.8 |
(0.9) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
6.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
- 0.40 |
(0.01) |
0.68 |
(0.01) |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
57.0 |
(0.9) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
- 0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.75 |
(0.01) |
26.8 |
(0.9) |
52.5 |
(0.8) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
- 0.24 |
(0.01) |
0.86 |
(0.02) |
24.3 |
(0.8) |
44.1 |
(0.9) |
22.7 |
(0.8) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
- 0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.02) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
51.3 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
- 0.10 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
- 0.31 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.81 |
(0.02) |
† |
22.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
- 0.21 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.95 |
(0.02) |
† |
30.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
39.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||
|
Peru |
- 0.12 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
† |
36.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
46.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||
|
Philippines |
- 0.26 |
(0.01) |
0.83 |
(0.02) |
24.7 |
(0.8) |
48.5 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
- 0.20 |
(0.01) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
29.3 |
(0.4) |
40.9 |
(0.5) |
19.6 |
(0.4) |
10.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.02) |
32.4 |
(0.8) |
50.8 |
(0.9) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
4.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
- 0.39 |
(0.02) |
0.83 |
(0.02) |
21.9 |
(0.8) |
52.3 |
(0.6) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.02) |
36.7 |
(1.0) |
40.1 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
43.4 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
- 0.17 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
25.7 |
(0.5) |
51.2 |
(0.5) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
- 0.05 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
37.3 |
(0.6) |
48.8 |
(0.7) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
- 0.40 |
(0.02) |
0.65 |
(0.02) |
20.9 |
(0.8) |
51.6 |
(0.8) |
23.1 |
(0.8) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
- 0.24 |
(0.01) |
0.81 |
(0.02) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
54.6 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
- 0.10 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
33.9 |
(0.5) |
39.1 |
(0.5) |
18.4 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
- 0.03 |
(0.03) |
1.05 |
(0.02) |
29.2 |
(0.9) |
48.5 |
(0.8) |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
- 0.34 |
(0.02) |
0.60 |
(0.02) |
15.0 |
(1.0) |
57.3 |
(0.9) |
22.7 |
(0.7) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I make friends easily at school |
I feel like I belong at school |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
5.0 |
(0.2) |
19.3 |
(0.4) |
57.1 |
(0.5) |
18.5 |
(0.4) |
8.0 |
(0.3) |
23.8 |
(0.4) |
53.5 |
(0.5) |
14.8 |
(0.4) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
44.8 |
(0.7) |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
43.5 |
(0.7) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
58.1 |
(0.6) |
21.1 |
(0.5) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
30.2 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(0.6) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
5.1 |
(0.2) |
20.5 |
(0.3) |
53.0 |
(0.4) |
21.5 |
(0.4) |
8.7 |
(0.3) |
23.9 |
(0.4) |
52.8 |
(0.4) |
14.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
22.5 |
(0.6) |
46.0 |
(0.7) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
50.4 |
(0.8) |
24.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
52.2 |
(0.8) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
58.8 |
(0.6) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
23.6 |
(0.7) |
58.1 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
56.8 |
(0.7) |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
22.0 |
(0.6) |
53.4 |
(0.9) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
56.2 |
(0.9) |
15.1 |
(0.7) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
57.7 |
(0.7) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
20.2 |
(0.5) |
56.0 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
18.7 |
(0.5) |
56.8 |
(0.8) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
France |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
50.9 |
(0.6) |
30.0 |
(0.6) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
8.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
47.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
27.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Greece |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
20.2 |
(0.5) |
52.9 |
(0.7) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
58.1 |
(0.6) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
52.7 |
(0.7) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
20.4 |
(0.7) |
53.1 |
(0.9) |
20.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
21.2 |
(0.8) |
46.1 |
(0.9) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
16.6 |
(0.8) |
50.3 |
(0.9) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
19.8 |
(0.5) |
59.7 |
(0.6) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
55.7 |
(0.8) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
53.1 |
(0.8) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
24.9 |
(0.6) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
24.3 |
(0.6) |
46.8 |
(0.8) |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
60.0 |
(0.8) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
51.9 |
(0.8) |
25.2 |
(0.7) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
53.8 |
(0.7) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
57.0 |
(0.8) |
14.4 |
(0.6) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
60.5 |
(0.8) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
18.8 |
(0.5) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
28.2 |
(0.7) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
25.4 |
(0.6) |
36.5 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
50.3 |
(0.7) |
24.8 |
(0.5) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
24.9 |
(0.6) |
43.3 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
50.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
23.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
15.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
54.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
24.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
61.8 |
(0.8) |
19.4 |
(0.7) |
5.9 |
(0.5) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
62.0 |
(0.9) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
56.4 |
(0.7) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
54.8 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
50.1 |
(0.8) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
49.2 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
52.7 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
48.1 |
(0.8) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
19.4 |
(0.5) |
51.8 |
(0.6) |
24.1 |
(0.6) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
58.5 |
(0.8) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
55.5 |
(0.8) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
56.4 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
58.4 |
(0.8) |
20.4 |
(0.7) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
21.4 |
(0.7) |
58.7 |
(0.7) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
4.5 |
(0.2) |
14.5 |
(0.3) |
50.6 |
(0.4) |
30.4 |
(0.4) |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
48.7 |
(0.5) |
37.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
53.2 |
(0.8) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
48.8 |
(0.7) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
50.8 |
(0.9) |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
21.0 |
(0.9) |
43.8 |
(1.0) |
25.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
20.6 |
(0.5) |
49.7 |
(0.7) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
21.0 |
(0.5) |
49.2 |
(0.6) |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
21.9 |
(0.5) |
56.7 |
(0.7) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
28.1 |
(0.6) |
50.8 |
(0.7) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
51.5 |
(0.8) |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
52.3 |
(0.9) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
5.5 |
(0.1) |
19.3 |
(0.1) |
52.9 |
(0.1) |
22.3 |
(0.1) |
7.9 |
(0.1) |
21.3 |
(0.1) |
51.8 |
(0.1) |
18.9 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
49.1 |
(0.7) |
34.3 |
(0.8) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
40.7 |
(0.8) |
45.9 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
53.6 |
(0.6) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
47.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
48.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
56.4 |
(0.7) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
48.3 |
(0.8) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
55.5 |
(0.8) |
26.1 |
(0.6) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
56.9 |
(0.6) |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
7.3 |
(0.3) |
22.8 |
(0.5) |
46.4 |
(0.6) |
23.5 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
20.4 |
(0.5) |
51.4 |
(0.6) |
22.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
20.8 |
(0.6) |
57.0 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.5) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
32.6 |
(0.6) |
50.2 |
(0.8) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
58.6 |
(0.7) |
20.5 |
(0.7) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
29.3 |
(0.6) |
53.0 |
(0.6) |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
6.6 |
(0.5) |
19.1 |
(0.7) |
53.2 |
(0.8) |
21.1 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
47.7 |
(0.8) |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
50.0 |
(0.8) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
14.4 |
(0.4) |
59.4 |
(0.5) |
22.6 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
60.7 |
(0.7) |
19.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.9) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
18.6 |
(0.5) |
51.7 |
(0.7) |
22.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
16.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
43.7 |
(1.1) |
† |
29.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
47.6 |
(1.1) |
† |
29.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
54.4 |
(0.9) |
24.3 |
(0.8) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
32.0 |
(0.9) |
39.8 |
(0.8) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
60.7 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
26.9 |
(0.8) |
55.5 |
(0.7) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
63.5 |
(0.8) |
23.8 |
(0.6) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
61.9 |
(0.8) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
15.4 |
(0.4) |
48.3 |
(0.5) |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
45.4 |
(0.8) |
30.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
17.5 |
(0.4) |
55.3 |
(0.5) |
20.6 |
(0.4) |
6.9 |
(0.2) |
24.2 |
(0.4) |
52.5 |
(0.5) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
58.4 |
(0.7) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
56.6 |
(0.8) |
27.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
26.3 |
(0.7) |
56.9 |
(0.8) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
34.8 |
(0.9) |
47.5 |
(0.9) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
58.3 |
(0.7) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
61.5 |
(0.8) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
51.3 |
(0.9) |
20.1 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
25.8 |
(0.9) |
48.9 |
(1.0) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
57.6 |
(0.8) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
56.9 |
(0.9) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
51.8 |
(0.7) |
29.3 |
(0.5) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
33.2 |
(0.6) |
38.8 |
(0.6) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
51.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
52.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
19.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
43.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
27.7 |
(1.0) |
† |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
45.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
27.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
18.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
55.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
53.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Philippines |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
13.1 |
(0.4) |
59.5 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.7) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
54.8 |
(0.9) |
29.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
6.9 |
(0.2) |
19.2 |
(0.3) |
50.7 |
(0.5) |
23.2 |
(0.4) |
9.1 |
(0.2) |
22.5 |
(0.4) |
48.8 |
(0.5) |
19.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
54.8 |
(0.8) |
27.9 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
33.8 |
(0.8) |
39.1 |
(0.8) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
26.4 |
(0.7) |
54.0 |
(0.7) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
56.9 |
(0.7) |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
47.6 |
(0.7) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
8.1 |
(0.3) |
18.2 |
(0.7) |
46.5 |
(0.8) |
27.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.8) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
52.7 |
(0.8) |
23.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
17.8 |
(0.4) |
57.8 |
(0.6) |
20.3 |
(0.5) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
19.9 |
(0.4) |
58.1 |
(0.5) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
18.6 |
(0.5) |
57.5 |
(0.7) |
20.7 |
(0.5) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
11.9 |
(0.4) |
64.5 |
(0.6) |
20.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
17.2 |
(0.5) |
63.4 |
(0.7) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
63.7 |
(0.7) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
55.7 |
(0.7) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
60.2 |
(0.5) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
7.1 |
(0.2) |
17.2 |
(0.3) |
48.8 |
(0.5) |
27.0 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
19.7 |
(0.4) |
46.9 |
(0.5) |
24.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
46.8 |
(0.8) |
23.1 |
(0.8) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
55.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
24.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||
|
Viet Nam |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
65.5 |
(1.0) |
14.5 |
(0.7) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
23.2 |
(0.8) |
64.4 |
(0.8) |
9.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I feel awkward and out of place in my school |
Other students seem to like me |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
24.0 |
(0.5) |
51.2 |
(0.5) |
18.7 |
(0.4) |
6.1 |
(0.2) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
70.2 |
(0.5) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
56.4 |
(0.8) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
49.6 |
(0.6) |
35.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
35.6 |
(0.6) |
47.7 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
10.4 |
(0.3) |
73.6 |
(0.6) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
24.8 |
(0.5) |
49.6 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.2) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
10.8 |
(0.3) |
67.9 |
(0.5) |
17.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
33.4 |
(0.7) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
57.2 |
(0.7) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
53.0 |
(0.8) |
16.1 |
(0.5) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
60.1 |
(0.7) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
21.7 |
(0.5) |
59.0 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
66.5 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
44.2 |
(0.9) |
43.1 |
(0.8) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
59.4 |
(0.8) |
24.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
27.4 |
(0.8) |
53.8 |
(0.8) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
61.4 |
(0.8) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
33.2 |
(0.6) |
45.1 |
(0.6) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
65.0 |
(0.7) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
France |
36.0 |
(0.7) |
45.2 |
(0.8) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
69.0 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
51.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
32.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
56.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Greece |
35.5 |
(0.7) |
47.2 |
(0.7) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
13.0 |
(0.4) |
65.1 |
(0.6) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
41.9 |
(0.9) |
41.5 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
65.0 |
(0.7) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
36.5 |
(0.9) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
58.5 |
(0.9) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
53.9 |
(0.7) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
8.9 |
(0.3) |
75.6 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
47.5 |
(0.8) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
17.9 |
(0.5) |
64.9 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
31.4 |
(0.7) |
48.6 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
62.9 |
(0.8) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
61.0 |
(0.6) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
20.8 |
(0.5) |
50.7 |
(0.7) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
28.3 |
(0.6) |
55.8 |
(0.9) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
32.0 |
(0.7) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
53.9 |
(0.6) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
41.8 |
(0.7) |
38.1 |
(0.7) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
60.5 |
(0.6) |
20.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
47.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
58.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
18.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
42.7 |
(0.9) |
46.5 |
(0.8) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
74.0 |
(0.9) |
18.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
24.5 |
(0.6) |
51.5 |
(0.7) |
18.8 |
(0.5) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
71.7 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
49.9 |
(0.8) |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
55.0 |
(0.8) |
27.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
26.4 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.7) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
59.1 |
(0.7) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.7) |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
70.8 |
(0.6) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
49.4 |
(0.8) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
62.4 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
29.6 |
(0.9) |
52.1 |
(0.9) |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
66.4 |
(0.7) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
51.5 |
(0.4) |
34.7 |
(0.4) |
9.0 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.1) |
9.8 |
(0.2) |
59.6 |
(0.5) |
27.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
40.8 |
(0.7) |
42.4 |
(0.6) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
60.6 |
(0.8) |
18.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
48.6 |
(0.9) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
59.5 |
(0.9) |
28.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
9.1 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
50.8 |
(0.7) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
70.0 |
(0.7) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
22.7 |
(0.8) |
49.7 |
(0.8) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
66.3 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
35.2 |
(0.1) |
44.9 |
(0.1) |
14.4 |
(0.1) |
5.5 |
(0.1) |
4.5 |
(0.1) |
14.7 |
(0.1) |
63.0 |
(0.1) |
17.8 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
55.7 |
(0.8) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
48.3 |
(0.7) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
60.9 |
(0.6) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
32.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
38.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
51.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
29.1 |
(0.8) |
54.8 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
59.7 |
(0.7) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
35.7 |
(0.7) |
45.6 |
(0.7) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
60.7 |
(0.8) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
30.5 |
(0.6) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
16.4 |
(0.4) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
61.1 |
(0.7) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
14.7 |
(0.4) |
46.1 |
(0.6) |
32.4 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
27.5 |
(0.6) |
59.4 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
28.0 |
(0.8) |
55.3 |
(0.7) |
13.5 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
30.1 |
(0.6) |
54.6 |
(0.6) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
43.7 |
(0.8) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
22.6 |
(0.8) |
52.9 |
(0.9) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
34.9 |
(0.8) |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.4) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
15.3 |
(0.4) |
55.7 |
(0.7) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
37.5 |
(0.7) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
15.3 |
(0.4) |
67.5 |
(0.6) |
13.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
32.7 |
(0.6) |
43.9 |
(0.7) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
61.5 |
(0.7) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
25.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
41.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
22.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
9.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
16.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
49.5 |
(1.1) |
† |
24.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
11.8 |
(0.6) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
27.3 |
(0.6) |
49.7 |
(0.8) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
59.4 |
(0.6) |
19.2 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
22.9 |
(0.5) |
63.3 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
53.9 |
(0.7) |
12.9 |
(0.6) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
64.7 |
(0.7) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
29.3 |
(0.7) |
39.4 |
(0.6) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
12.9 |
(0.4) |
50.1 |
(0.6) |
29.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
24.6 |
(0.4) |
53.8 |
(0.5) |
15.1 |
(0.4) |
6.5 |
(0.2) |
6.3 |
(0.2) |
22.7 |
(0.4) |
58.3 |
(0.5) |
12.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
31.0 |
(0.8) |
42.9 |
(0.9) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
61.4 |
(0.9) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
57.2 |
(0.7) |
21.3 |
(0.7) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
55.0 |
(0.8) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
25.4 |
(0.8) |
54.0 |
(0.6) |
17.3 |
(0.7) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
62.0 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
24.9 |
(0.6) |
49.4 |
(0.8) |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
66.9 |
(0.9) |
16.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
51.5 |
(0.8) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
64.6 |
(0.7) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
32.7 |
(0.6) |
45.5 |
(0.7) |
14.0 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
58.3 |
(0.7) |
18.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
48.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
19.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
55.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
25.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
45.4 |
(1.1) |
† |
20.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
9.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
17.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
52.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
23.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
25.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
54.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
65.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Philippines |
19.8 |
(0.7) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
24.3 |
(0.6) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
63.6 |
(0.7) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
28.6 |
(0.4) |
43.7 |
(0.5) |
19.9 |
(0.4) |
7.7 |
(0.3) |
5.8 |
(0.2) |
13.1 |
(0.3) |
58.6 |
(0.4) |
22.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
32.5 |
(0.9) |
49.5 |
(0.8) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
66.5 |
(0.8) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
18.0 |
(0.8) |
49.9 |
(0.7) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
30.1 |
(0.8) |
51.8 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
40.7 |
(0.9) |
39.2 |
(0.9) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
58.1 |
(0.7) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
34.8 |
(0.7) |
46.8 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
54.8 |
(0.8) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
24.8 |
(0.5) |
51.0 |
(0.6) |
18.8 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
14.7 |
(0.4) |
69.5 |
(0.5) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
29.7 |
(0.6) |
50.1 |
(0.5) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
5.3 |
(0.2) |
32.2 |
(0.6) |
53.7 |
(0.6) |
8.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
50.2 |
(0.7) |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
33.4 |
(0.6) |
55.0 |
(0.6) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
54.4 |
(0.7) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
59.2 |
(0.6) |
11.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
32.2 |
(0.5) |
41.8 |
(0.5) |
18.4 |
(0.4) |
7.6 |
(0.3) |
7.4 |
(0.3) |
14.4 |
(0.4) |
54.5 |
(0.6) |
23.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
31.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
49.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
55.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
33.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
|
|
Viet Nam |
13.8 |
(0.7) |
62.9 |
(0.9) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
54.4 |
(0.8) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I feel lonely at school |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
35.1 |
(0.5) |
45.6 |
(0.5) |
13.7 |
(0.4) |
5.6 |
(0.2) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Austria |
64.1 |
(0.7) |
21.8 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
52.6 |
(0.7) |
37.5 |
(0.6) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Canada |
34.9 |
(0.5) |
45.1 |
(0.5) |
14.1 |
(0.4) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chile |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
33.0 |
(0.9) |
47.4 |
(0.9) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
29.8 |
(0.8) |
51.2 |
(0.7) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
52.5 |
(0.8) |
36.5 |
(0.8) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
37.7 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.6) |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Finland |
44.6 |
(0.6) |
41.3 |
(0.7) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
France |
53.6 |
(0.8) |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Germany |
66.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Greece |
48.1 |
(0.7) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
47.2 |
(0.8) |
38.2 |
(0.6) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
48.8 |
(0.8) |
34.1 |
(0.9) |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
48.4 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Italy |
54.1 |
(0.8) |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Japan |
45.4 |
(0.7) |
43.0 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Korea |
54.2 |
(0.7) |
36.1 |
(0.7) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
1.5 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
49.3 |
(0.8) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
49.2 |
(0.7) |
27.1 |
(0.6) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
54.6 |
(0.7) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
42.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
40.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
56.1 |
(0.9) |
36.3 |
(0.9) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
31.3 |
(0.6) |
51.0 |
(0.6) |
13.1 |
(0.3) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Norway |
56.9 |
(0.8) |
28.9 |
(0.8) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Poland |
34.1 |
(0.6) |
46.6 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
53.5 |
(0.8) |
36.7 |
(0.8) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
30.3 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(0.7) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
42.0 |
(0.8) |
44.8 |
(0.8) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Spain |
63.8 |
(0.4) |
26.4 |
(0.4) |
6.0 |
(0.2) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
44.3 |
(0.7) |
39.6 |
(0.8) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
62.5 |
(0.9) |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
35.9 |
(0.7) |
40.3 |
(0.6) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
37.6 |
(0.7) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United States* |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
44.8 |
(0.8) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
45.5 |
(0.1) |
38.9 |
(0.1) |
10.6 |
(0.1) |
5.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
67.1 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
||||||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
42.7 |
(0.9) |
38.9 |
(0.6) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
36.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
36.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
48.5 |
(0.8) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
42.0 |
(0.7) |
41.8 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
31.1 |
(0.7) |
45.5 |
(0.8) |
16.8 |
(0.4) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
34.7 |
(0.5) |
42.5 |
(0.5) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
29.4 |
(0.6) |
50.9 |
(0.5) |
15.7 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
33.6 |
(0.8) |
39.6 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
42.1 |
(0.7) |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
42.5 |
(0.7) |
44.1 |
(0.6) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
46.0 |
(0.7) |
37.1 |
(0.7) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
32.7 |
(1.2) |
† |
39.0 |
(1.1) |
† |
16.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
11.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
42.1 |
(0.9) |
40.7 |
(0.9) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
56.5 |
(0.7) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
51.9 |
(0.8) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
45.5 |
(0.8) |
32.2 |
(0.6) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
31.6 |
(0.5) |
48.0 |
(0.5) |
13.4 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
54.5 |
(0.9) |
32.7 |
(0.8) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
23.8 |
(0.7) |
52.8 |
(0.8) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
33.9 |
(0.8) |
47.8 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Malta |
40.1 |
(0.9) |
41.5 |
(1.0) |
12.9 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
35.2 |
(0.9) |
43.0 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
28.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
45.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Panama |
36.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
40.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
14.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
8.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Peru |
41.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
42.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
27.4 |
(0.7) |
46.6 |
(0.6) |
19.4 |
(0.5) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
39.0 |
(0.4) |
37.9 |
(0.5) |
15.6 |
(0.3) |
7.4 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Romania |
42.5 |
(0.8) |
42.4 |
(0.8) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Russia |
22.9 |
(0.9) |
49.9 |
(0.8) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
50.4 |
(0.9) |
31.8 |
(0.7) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
41.5 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
34.9 |
(0.6) |
47.8 |
(0.6) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
38.0 |
(0.6) |
47.3 |
(0.6) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
49.6 |
(0.7) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
27.9 |
(0.6) |
49.7 |
(0.7) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
43.5 |
(0.5) |
35.4 |
(0.4) |
14.3 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
36.8 |
(1.1) |
† |
44.4 |
(1.0) |
† |
12.3 |
(0.6) |
† |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
28.7 |
(1.1) |
58.7 |
(1.1) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.10.1. Parental involvement in school-related activities
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on principals' and parents' reports
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
During the previous academic year, percentage of students’ parents who participated in the following school-related activities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Based on principals' reports |
Based on parents' reports |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Discussed their child’s progress with a teacher on their own initiative |
Discussed their child’s progress on the initiative of one of their child’s teachers |
Participated in local school government |
Volunteered in physical or extracurricular activities |
Discussed child's behaviour with a teacher on own initiative |
Discussed child's behaviour on the initiative of teachers |
Discussed child’s progress with a teacher on own initiative |
||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
|||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
41.7 |
(1.0) |
54.3 |
(1.1) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
10.1 |
(0.6) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Austria |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Belgium1 |
34.8 |
(1.7) |
52.1 |
(1.9) |
4.7 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.5) |
‡ |
35.7 |
(0.9) |
41.9 |
(1.1) |
36.9 |
(1.0) |
|||||||
|
Canada |
44.2 |
(1.2) |
52.4 |
(1.3) |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
10.9 |
(0.7) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Chile |
40.7 |
(2.2) |
60.3 |
(2.2) |
36.3 |
(2.6) |
22.8 |
(2.2) |
† |
61.6 |
(0.7) |
57.6 |
(1.1) |
58.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||
|
Colombia |
54.2 |
(2.0) |
68.3 |
(1.4) |
46.6 |
(2.6) |
15.5 |
(1.6) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
35.6 |
(1.8) |
49.3 |
(1.8) |
11.0 |
(1.3) |
9.4 |
(1.3) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Denmark |
34.8 |
(1.8) |
† |
84.1 |
(2.1) |
9.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
18.0 |
(2.6) |
‡ |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||
|
Estonia |
39.1 |
(1.3) |
50.0 |
(1.4) |
16.7 |
(0.8) |
19.0 |
(0.9) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Finland |
40.7 |
(1.9) |
68.9 |
(2.2) |
7.5 |
(0.8) |
7.9 |
(1.2) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
France |
38.5 |
(1.8) |
55.7 |
(1.9) |
10.5 |
(1.0) |
3.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Germany |
34.6 |
(1.5) |
50.0 |
(2.0) |
10.1 |
(0.9) |
10.1 |
(1.6) |
† |
49.3 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
29.4 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
45.0 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
||||
|
Greece |
63.8 |
(1.8) |
47.0 |
(2.4) |
23.3 |
(1.7) |
10.2 |
(1.3) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Hungary |
31.5 |
(1.7) |
26.0 |
(1.2) |
8.5 |
(1.1) |
12.8 |
(1.6) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Iceland |
37.2 |
(0.1) |
82.3 |
(0.2) |
7.7 |
(0.1) |
14.0 |
(0.1) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Ireland |
32.0 |
(2.2) |
43.5 |
(2.6) |
8.2 |
(0.7) |
7.9 |
(1.1) |
† |
34.8 |
(0.7) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
38.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||
|
Israel |
45.2 |
(2.3) |
66.6 |
(2.2) |
19.5 |
(2.1) |
14.8 |
(1.6) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Italy |
58.9 |
(1.7) |
49.2 |
(1.7) |
34.0 |
(1.9) |
8.3 |
(1.4) |
† |
54.7 |
(1.0) |
35.6 |
(0.8) |
56.1 |
(1.0) |
|||||||
|
Japan |
12.6 |
(1.8) |
78.3 |
(2.6) |
20.2 |
(2.2) |
18.3 |
(1.8) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Korea |
41.8 |
(2.1) |
46.3 |
(2.8) |
32.6 |
(2.2) |
12.0 |
(1.5) |
47.8 |
(0.8) |
74.6 |
(0.6) |
39.0 |
(0.9) |
||||||||
|
Latvia |
43.1 |
(1.1) |
48.2 |
(1.0) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
12.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Lithuania |
43.8 |
(0.9) |
55.6 |
(1.1) |
14.0 |
(0.8) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
38.1 |
(0.1) |
48.0 |
(0.1) |
5.9 |
(0.0) |
† |
6.0 |
(0.0) |
‡ |
45.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
29.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
47.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||
|
Mexico |
32.3 |
(1.7) |
46.9 |
(2.2) |
49.8 |
(2.4) |
27.8 |
(2.7) |
62.7 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.7) |
64.1 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
43.1 |
(2.2) |
58.8 |
(2.8) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
5.5 |
(1.2) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
New Zealand |
39.8 |
(1.8) |
55.2 |
(2.2) |
5.0 |
(0.8) |
14.2 |
(1.0) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Norway |
28.8 |
(1.8) |
87.9 |
(2.0) |
11.1 |
(1.0) |
17.2 |
(1.7) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Poland |
46.1 |
(2.0) |
63.3 |
(1.9) |
22.1 |
(1.3) |
18.1 |
(1.4) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Portugal* |
53.9 |
(1.6) |
61.5 |
(1.5) |
10.8 |
(0.9) |
14.8 |
(1.9) |
† |
73.6 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(1.0) |
70.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
39.3 |
(1.6) |
39.5 |
(1.5) |
33.9 |
(1.6) |
10.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Slovenia |
51.1 |
(0.3) |
33.3 |
(0.4) |
14.9 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.1) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Spain |
50.0 |
(1.1) |
68.0 |
(1.0) |
20.1 |
(0.9) |
9.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Sweden |
42.4 |
(2.6) |
85.9 |
(1.8) |
10.3 |
(1.1) |
† |
11.7 |
(2.6) |
‡ |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||
|
Switzerland |
28.5 |
(2.0) |
66.1 |
(1.9) |
4.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
5.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||
|
Turkey |
48.3 |
(2.1) |
47.2 |
(2.1) |
36.6 |
(2.3) |
17.8 |
(1.8) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
41.1 |
(2.2) |
† |
68.7 |
(2.2) |
† |
4.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
5.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||
|
United States* |
45.0 |
(1.8) |
49.9 |
(2.5) |
14.5 |
(1.7) |
22.7 |
(1.9) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
OECD average |
41.0 |
(0.3) |
57.5 |
(0.3) |
16.6 |
(0.2) |
12.3 |
(0.2) |
51.8 |
(0.3) |
43.0 |
(0.3) |
50.7 |
(0.3) |
||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
61.6 |
(1.5) |
69.4 |
(1.7) |
59.6 |
(1.9) |
36.6 |
(1.6) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Argentina |
26.2 |
(1.6) |
34.8 |
(1.6) |
12.1 |
(1.2) |
11.6 |
(1.4) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
61.8 |
(2.4) |
† |
54.8 |
(2.9) |
† |
52.3 |
(3.4) |
‡ |
43.5 |
(3.7) |
‡ |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||
|
Belarus |
66.6 |
(1.9) |
54.4 |
(2.3) |
36.2 |
(2.1) |
50.0 |
(1.9) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
54.5 |
(2.1) |
43.9 |
(2.0) |
28.2 |
(2.7) |
13.3 |
(2.0) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Brazil |
29.9 |
(1.2) |
43.0 |
(1.4) |
27.1 |
(1.6) |
15.1 |
(1.4) |
† |
38.4 |
(0.7) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
33.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
35.4 |
(0.1) |
44.1 |
(0.1) |
15.6 |
(0.0) |
10.7 |
(0.0) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
69.3 |
(1.9) |
66.7 |
(2.1) |
41.0 |
(2.6) |
32.2 |
(2.3) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
37.7 |
(2.0) |
51.1 |
(2.0) |
20.3 |
(2.0) |
16.9 |
(1.9) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Costa Rica |
38.6 |
(2.5) |
51.0 |
(2.3) |
21.3 |
(1.9) |
16.8 |
(1.8) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Croatia |
50.0 |
(2.1) |
33.7 |
(1.6) |
21.2 |
(2.2) |
5.4 |
(1.2) |
† |
66.4 |
(0.7) |
26.5 |
(0.8) |
62.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||
|
Cyprus |
58.6 |
(0.2) |
50.1 |
(0.4) |
17.9 |
(0.2) |
11.7 |
(0.3) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
34.0 |
(2.2) |
51.1 |
(2.4) |
60.6 |
(2.0) |
21.4 |
(2.3) |
74.5 |
(0.8) |
66.9 |
(0.9) |
74.3 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Georgia |
51.6 |
(2.0) |
49.1 |
(2.0) |
23.2 |
(1.6) |
24.1 |
(1.6) |
74.7 |
(0.7) |
65.3 |
(0.8) |
74.3 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
41.2 |
(2.8) |
71.3 |
(3.5) |
20.0 |
(3.4) |
† |
12.9 |
(1.7) |
† |
52.4 |
(0.8) |
61.4 |
(0.7) |
52.7 |
(0.9) |
||||||
|
Indonesia |
40.2 |
(3.2) |
42.7 |
(3.4) |
43.8 |
(3.0) |
24.1 |
(2.7) |
† |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Jordan |
33.0 |
(2.1) |
31.4 |
(2.3) |
33.3 |
(2.4) |
19.3 |
(2.1) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
65.2 |
(1.3) |
59.0 |
(1.5) |
54.7 |
(1.8) |
56.3 |
(1.4) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Kosovo |
45.8 |
(0.7) |
51.8 |
(0.8) |
52.2 |
(1.1) |
25.8 |
(0.9) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Lebanon |
48.5 |
(2.0) |
46.5 |
(2.1) |
27.9 |
(2.2) |
13.8 |
(1.5) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
34.6 |
(0.0) |
84.5 |
(0.0) |
28.8 |
(0.0) |
15.8 |
(0.0) |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
59.8 |
(0.7) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Malaysia |
34.4 |
(2.1) |
38.4 |
(2.2) |
27.1 |
(2.2) |
20.5 |
(1.6) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Malta |
47.1 |
(0.1) |
42.5 |
(0.1) |
7.9 |
(0.0) |
15.6 |
(0.1) |
62.9 |
(0.8) |
51.3 |
(0.9) |
58.2 |
(0.9) |
||||||||
|
Moldova |
57.2 |
(2.2) |
61.9 |
(2.3) |
35.5 |
(2.3) |
37.0 |
(2.1) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Montenegro |
61.3 |
(0.3) |
42.0 |
(0.2) |
19.0 |
(0.2) |
9.8 |
(0.3) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Morocco |
24.9 |
(2.0) |
27.8 |
(1.9) |
33.7 |
(2.8) |
24.0 |
(2.6) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
57.4 |
(0.1) |
43.9 |
(0.1) |
21.7 |
(0.1) |
5.0 |
(0.0) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Panama |
49.5 |
(1.7) |
50.0 |
(1.5) |
43.0 |
(2.2) |
31.6 |
(2.2) |
† |
82.8 |
(1.1) |
60.7 |
(1.3) |
79.1 |
(1.1) |
|||||||
|
Peru |
40.7 |
(1.6) |
54.1 |
(1.7) |
49.4 |
(1.7) |
35.4 |
(2.1) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Philippines |
65.6 |
(2.1) |
75.8 |
(2.0) |
81.7 |
(1.5) |
70.1 |
(2.2) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Qatar |
51.3 |
(0.0) |
53.6 |
(0.0) |
25.8 |
(0.0) |
18.9 |
(0.0) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Romania |
36.3 |
(2.1) |
42.4 |
(2.6) |
27.7 |
(2.9) |
16.0 |
(1.9) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Russia |
55.0 |
(1.8) |
59.0 |
(2.0) |
31.0 |
(1.7) |
44.3 |
(1.5) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
42.3 |
(2.0) |
36.4 |
(2.5) |
52.6 |
(2.6) |
17.2 |
(2.1) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Serbia |
45.9 |
(2.1) |
50.3 |
(1.8) |
23.6 |
(2.3) |
5.8 |
(1.0) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Singapore |
43.4 |
(0.9) |
75.3 |
(0.5) |
11.7 |
(0.1) |
12.4 |
(0.3) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
44.2 |
(2.0) |
45.2 |
(2.2) |
32.7 |
(2.2) |
25.8 |
(2.1) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Thailand |
48.3 |
(2.5) |
63.8 |
(2.2) |
49.2 |
(2.7) |
42.8 |
(2.9) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Ukraine |
57.0 |
(1.8) |
55.2 |
(2.1) |
23.6 |
(1.7) |
31.5 |
(1.7) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
54.8 |
(0.7) |
60.0 |
(0.7) |
38.3 |
(0.6) |
34.4 |
(1.4) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Uruguay |
23.3 |
(1.6) |
34.1 |
(1.9) |
8.0 |
(1.1) |
8.8 |
(1.3) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
69.0 |
(3.4) |
64.1 |
(3.3) |
25.1 |
(2.9) |
18.9 |
(2.4) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
During the previous academic year, percentage of students’ parents who participated in the following school-related activities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Based on parents' reports |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Discussed child’s progress on the initiative of teachers |
Participated in local school government |
Volunteered in physical or extracurricular activities |
Volunteered to support school activities |
Attended a scheduled meeting or conferences for parents |
Talked about how to support learning at home and homework with child’s teachers |
Exchanged ideas on parenting, family support, or the child’s development with child’s teachers |
||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
|||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Austria |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Belgium1 |
52.9 |
(1.1) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.4) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
83.0 |
(0.8) |
43.7 |
(1.0) |
25.6 |
(0.9) |
||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Chile |
56.9 |
(1.1) |
25.6 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
87.3 |
(0.5) |
66.3 |
(0.8) |
50.9 |
(0.9) |
||||||||
|
Colombia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Denmark |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Estonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Finland |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
France |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Germany |
27.4 |
(1.2) |
‡ |
17.3 |
(0.7) |
‡ |
19.8 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
10.1 |
(0.8) |
‡ |
91.3 |
(0.6) |
‡ |
43.3 |
(1.1) |
‡ |
26.1 |
(1.0) |
‡ |
|
|
Greece |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Hungary |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Iceland |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Ireland |
36.8 |
(0.8) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
87.7 |
(0.5) |
59.8 |
(0.9) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Italy |
42.4 |
(0.9) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
65.6 |
(0.8) |
44.4 |
(0.9) |
37.2 |
(0.9) |
||||||||
|
Japan |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Korea |
66.1 |
(0.6) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
34.6 |
(0.9) |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
63.2 |
(0.9) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
46.1 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Latvia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Lithuania |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
35.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
70.8 |
(1.1) |
† |
43.4 |
(1.1) |
† |
26.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Mexico |
48.3 |
(0.8) |
50.5 |
(0.9) |
30.9 |
(0.9) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
89.1 |
(0.5) |
70.6 |
(0.8) |
45.5 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Poland |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Portugal* |
53.0 |
(0.8) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
76.2 |
(0.8) |
60.9 |
(0.8) |
57.6 |
(0.9) |
||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Slovenia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Spain |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Sweden |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Switzerland |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Turkey |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
United States* |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
OECD average |
46.6 |
(0.3) |
17.2 |
(0.2) |
16.3 |
(0.2) |
9.0 |
(0.2) |
79.3 |
(0.2) |
51.5 |
(0.3) |
38.5 |
(0.3) |
||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
|
Argentina |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Belarus |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Brazil |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
71.7 |
(0.8) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
39.0 |
(0.6) |
||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Croatia |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
98.9 |
(0.1) |
50.6 |
(0.9) |
48.3 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Cyprus |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
67.8 |
(0.8) |
49.8 |
(0.9) |
29.2 |
(0.9) |
31.7 |
(1.0) |
92.6 |
(0.5) |
78.6 |
(0.7) |
68.0 |
(0.9) |
||||||||
|
Georgia |
71.9 |
(0.8) |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.8) |
9.7 |
(0.7) |
88.2 |
(0.6) |
62.4 |
(0.9) |
47.8 |
(0.9) |
||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
63.7 |
(0.7) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
29.1 |
(1.1) |
46.5 |
(0.9) |
42.1 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Indonesia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Jordan |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Kosovo |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Lebanon |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
57.4 |
(0.7) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.7) |
19.7 |
(0.7) |
66.2 |
(0.6) |
53.8 |
(0.9) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Malaysia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Malta |
53.6 |
(0.9) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
85.3 |
(0.7) |
59.4 |
(0.9) |
39.4 |
(1.0) |
||||||||
|
Moldova |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Montenegro |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Morocco |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Panama |
56.1 |
(1.0) |
48.3 |
(1.2) |
31.8 |
(1.1) |
24.8 |
(1.0) |
90.7 |
(0.7) |
71.9 |
(1.2) |
60.5 |
(1.2) |
||||||||
|
Peru |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Philippines |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Qatar |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Romania |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Russia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Serbia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Thailand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Ukraine |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Uruguay |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
← 1. Only the Flemish Community distributed the parent questionnaire. |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.11.1. Students' life satisfaction
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students' reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average life satisfaction |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
All students |
Variability |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Austria |
7.14 |
(0.04) |
2.60 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Chile |
7.03 |
(0.05) |
2.72 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
7.62 |
(0.05) |
2.66 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
6.91 |
(0.05) |
2.66 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
7.19 |
(0.04) |
2.41 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Finland |
7.61 |
(0.03) |
2.18 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
France |
7.19 |
(0.03) |
2.23 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Germany |
7.02 |
(0.04) |
2.56 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Greece |
6.99 |
(0.04) |
2.48 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
7.12 |
(0.05) |
2.51 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
7.34 |
(0.04) |
2.37 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
6.74 |
(0.05) |
2.47 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Italy |
6.91 |
(0.04) |
2.43 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Japan |
6.18 |
(0.04) |
2.60 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Korea |
6.52 |
(0.04) |
2.61 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
7.16 |
(0.04) |
2.38 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
7.61 |
(0.04) |
2.42 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
7.04 |
(0.04) |
2.49 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
8.11 |
(0.04) |
2.21 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
7.50 |
(0.03) |
1.70 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Poland |
6.74 |
(0.05) |
2.65 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
7.13 |
(0.04) |
2.21 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
7.22 |
(0.04) |
2.60 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
6.86 |
(0.04) |
2.74 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Spain |
7.35 |
(0.02) |
2.30 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
7.01 |
(0.04) |
2.53 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
7.38 |
(0.04) |
2.26 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
5.62 |
(0.06) |
3.06 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
6.16 |
(0.04) |
2.66 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
United States* |
6.75 |
(0.05) |
2.56 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
7.04 |
(0.01) |
2.47 |
(0.01) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Average life satisfaction |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
All students |
Variability |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
8.61 |
(0.03) |
2.08 |
(0.04) |
||||||||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
7.26 |
(0.04) |
2.72 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
7.24 |
(0.05) |
3.12 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
8.10 |
(0.04) |
2.04 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
7.84 |
(0.04) |
2.54 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
7.05 |
(0.03) |
2.87 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
5.80 |
(0.03) |
2.41 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
6.64 |
(0.04) |
2.51 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
7.15 |
(0.05) |
2.89 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
7.96 |
(0.04) |
2.29 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
7.69 |
(0.03) |
2.45 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
6.81 |
(0.04) |
2.72 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
8.09 |
(0.05) |
† |
2.69 |
(0.04) |
† |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Georgia |
7.60 |
(0.05) |
2.67 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
6.27 |
(0.04) |
2.25 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
7.47 |
(0.06) |
2.55 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
6.88 |
(0.06) |
3.20 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
8.76 |
(0.02) |
2.04 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
8.30 |
(0.04) |
2.40 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
6.67 |
(0.07) |
2.73 |
(0.05) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
6.07 |
(0.04) |
2.34 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
7.04 |
(0.05) |
2.41 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Malta |
6.56 |
(0.05) |
2.63 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
7.68 |
(0.05) |
2.52 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
7.69 |
(0.03) |
2.83 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
6.95 |
(0.05) |
3.05 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
8.16 |
(0.03) |
2.33 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Panama |
7.92 |
(0.05) |
† |
2.51 |
(0.04) |
† |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Peru |
7.31 |
(0.04) |
2.53 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
7.21 |
(0.04) |
2.62 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
6.84 |
(0.03) |
2.89 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Romania |
7.87 |
(0.04) |
2.32 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Russia |
7.32 |
(0.05) |
2.70 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
7.95 |
(0.04) |
2.66 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
7.61 |
(0.04) |
2.64 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
6.52 |
(0.03) |
2.40 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
7.64 |
(0.04) |
2.25 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
8.03 |
(0.03) |
2.15 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
6.88 |
(0.04) |
2.83 |
(0.02) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
7.54 |
(0.05) |
2.51 |
(0.04) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
7.47 |
(0.04) |
2.11 |
(0.03) |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following levels of life satisfaction: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
0-Not at all satisfied |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10-Completely satisfied |
|||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||
|
OECD |
Australia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
Austria |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
3.9 |
(0.2) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
19.1 |
(0.5) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Belgium |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Chile |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.3) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Colombia |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
34.5 |
(0.9) |
|
|
Czech Republic |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
18.6 |
(0.5) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Denmark |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Estonia |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
15.0 |
(0.5) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Finland |
1.1 |
(0.1) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
23.4 |
(0.5) |
27.8 |
(0.6) |
15.0 |
(0.5) |
|
|
France |
1.2 |
(0.1) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
14.3 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Germany |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
16.9 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Greece |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
16.0 |
(0.4) |
19.0 |
(0.5) |
14.2 |
(0.4) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Hungary |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Iceland |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
14.4 |
(0.7) |
21.5 |
(0.8) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Ireland |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
4.4 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
16.0 |
(0.4) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Italy |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
14.7 |
(0.4) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Japan |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Korea |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
7.3 |
(0.3) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
15.9 |
(0.4) |
12.8 |
(0.4) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Latvia |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Lithuania |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Luxembourg |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
19.9 |
(0.5) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Mexico |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
19.1 |
(0.5) |
24.0 |
(0.7) |
31.9 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Netherlands* |
0.3 |
(0.1) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
22.9 |
(0.8) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
|
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Poland |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Portugal* |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Slovak Republic |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
22.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Slovenia |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Spain |
1.7 |
(0.1) |
1.5 |
(0.1) |
1.9 |
(0.1) |
2.7 |
(0.1) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
6.7 |
(0.2) |
8.2 |
(0.2) |
16.4 |
(0.3) |
22.0 |
(0.3) |
18.6 |
(0.3) |
16.5 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Sweden |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Switzerland |
1.3 |
(0.3) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
20.8 |
(0.6) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Turkey |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
8.5 |
(0.3) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
|
|
United Kingdom |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
4.7 |
(0.2) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
|
|
United States* |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
|
|
OECD average |
2.3 |
(0.0) |
2.1 |
(0.0) |
2.7 |
(0.0) |
3.9 |
(0.0) |
5.2 |
(0.1) |
8.3 |
(0.1) |
8.7 |
(0.1) |
14.5 |
(0.1) |
19.2 |
(0.1) |
16.4 |
(0.1) |
16.7 |
(0.1) |
|
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
1.1 |
(0.1) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
51.2 |
(0.8) |
|
Argentina |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
18.6 |
(0.5) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
37.6 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Belarus |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
19.3 |
(0.7) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
30.7 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
36.1 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Brazil |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
10.2 |
(0.3) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
14.8 |
(0.4) |
13.6 |
(0.3) |
26.4 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
21.2 |
(0.5) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
15.0 |
(0.4) |
14.1 |
(0.4) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
|
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
4.5 |
(0.2) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
15.5 |
(0.4) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
12.4 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Bulgaria |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
30.5 |
(0.9) |
|
|
Costa Rica |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
1.1 |
(0.1) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
19.7 |
(0.7) |
33.2 |
(0.9) |
|
|
Croatia |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
1.8 |
(0.1) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
20.5 |
(0.5) |
27.2 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Cyprus |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
13.0 |
(0.4) |
18.1 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
3.3 |
(0.3) † |
1.5 |
(0.2) † |
1.6 |
(0.3) † |
2.3 |
(0.2) † |
2.8 |
(0.3) † |
5.9 |
(0.4) † |
4.0 |
(0.3) † |
6.5 |
(0.5) † |
9.9 |
(0.6) † |
14.0 |
(0.6) † |
48.2 |
(1.1) † |
|
|
Georgia |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
15.0 |
(0.5) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
32.4 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.4) |
15.1 |
(0.5) |
21.0 |
(0.5) |
17.2 |
(0.5) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Indonesia |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
17.6 |
(0.7) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
29.9 |
(1.2) |
|
|
Jordan |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Kazakhstan |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
1.9 |
(0.1) |
4.4 |
(0.2) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
9.1 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.3) |
59.6 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Kosovo |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
15.3 |
(0.7) |
48.1 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Lebanon |
4.1 |
(0.5) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
14.5 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.6) |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Macao (China) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
|
|
Malaysia |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Malta |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
16.0 |
(0.7) |
18.5 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
|
|
Moldova |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
18.2 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
28.7 |
(0.9) |
|
|
Montenegro |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
13.6 |
(0.4) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
|
|
Morocco |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
13.2 |
(0.4) |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
|
|
North Macedonia |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
1.1 |
(0.1) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
42.2 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Panama |
1.8 |
(0.2) † |
1.4 |
(0.2) † |
1.6 |
(0.2) † |
2.6 |
(0.3) † |
4.0 |
(0.3) † |
6.9 |
(0.4) † |
5.3 |
(0.4) † |
9.1 |
(0.5) † |
13.0 |
(0.5) † |
14.6 |
(0.5) † |
39.8 |
(1.1) † |
|
|
Peru |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
25.9 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Philippines |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
26.3 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Qatar |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
3.3 |
(0.1) |
4.3 |
(0.2) |
5.7 |
(0.2) |
10.7 |
(0.3) |
7.6 |
(0.2) |
10.9 |
(0.3) |
14.2 |
(0.3) |
12.6 |
(0.3) |
23.7 |
(0.3) |
|
|
Romania |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
19.1 |
(0.7) |
19.8 |
(0.7) |
29.4 |
(0.9) |
|
|
Russia |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
14.6 |
(0.4) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
28.7 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.0 |
(0.0) |
0.2 |
(0.1) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
52.8 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Serbia |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
15.0 |
(0.5) |
17.3 |
(0.5) |
31.2 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|
|
Chinese Taipei |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
16.9 |
(0.4) |
17.9 |
(0.5) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
|
|
Thailand |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
26.5 |
(0.9) |
|
|
Ukraine |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
|
|
United Arab Emirates |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
4.3 |
(0.2) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
8.0 |
(0.2) |
11.7 |
(0.3) |
14.2 |
(0.3) |
10.8 |
(0.3) |
24.7 |
(0.5) |
|
|
Uruguay |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
2.1 |
(0.3) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
26.1 |
(0.8) |
|
|
Viet Nam |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
0.7 |
(0.2) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
17.3 |
(0.7) |
22.3 |
(0.8) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.9) |
|
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.11.14. Students' sense of meaning in life
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of meaning in life |
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
My life has clear meaning or purpose |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
- 0.09 |
(0.01) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
27.9 |
(0.4) |
44.4 |
(0.6) |
17.5 |
(0.4) |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
0.16 |
(0.02) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
39.3 |
(0.7) |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium (Flemish) |
0.00 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
24.0 |
(0.6) |
54.4 |
(0.8) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
0.18 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
46.6 |
(0.6) |
27.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
0.47 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
51.5 |
(0.9) |
36.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.22 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
43.1 |
(0.7) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
- 0.02 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
29.9 |
(0.8) |
44.5 |
(0.8) |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.06 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
26.6 |
(0.6) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
26.5 |
(0.6) |
48.5 |
(0.6) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
0.10 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
48.3 |
(0.7) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
† |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
24.1 |
(0.8) |
41.1 |
(0.9) |
26.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Greece |
0.03 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
45.1 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
- 0.17 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
48.8 |
(0.7) |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
- 0.08 |
(0.02) |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
41.6 |
(0.8) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
- 0.18 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
31.7 |
(0.6) |
44.3 |
(0.7) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
- 0.11 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
8.0 |
(0.3) |
25.3 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
- 0.40 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
0.09 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
28.6 |
(0.7) |
46.1 |
(0.6) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
- 0.07 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
47.9 |
(0.8) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
0.12 |
(0.01) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
44.9 |
(0.6) |
26.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
44.1 |
(0.6) |
24.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
0.49 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
50.4 |
(0.7) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
- 0.18 |
(0.02) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
30.0 |
(0.9) |
50.6 |
(1.0) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
- 0.07 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
7.7 |
(0.3) |
26.1 |
(0.6) |
48.6 |
(0.7) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
24.4 |
(0.7) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.04 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
47.7 |
(0.7) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
49.5 |
(0.8) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
0.10 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
6.1 |
(0.2) |
23.6 |
(0.4) |
48.0 |
(0.5) |
22.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
30.4 |
(0.8) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
0.22 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
19.7 |
(0.7) |
44.5 |
(0.9) |
28.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
0.15 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
49.2 |
(0.7) |
31.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
- 0.25 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
30.8 |
(0.8) |
42.8 |
(0.7) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
0.12 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
21.8 |
(0.8) |
45.9 |
(0.9) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
0.02 |
(0.00) |
0.98 |
(0.00) |
7.5 |
(0.1) |
24.5 |
(0.1) |
46.4 |
(0.1) |
21.6 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.59 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
50.3 |
(0.9) |
39.7 |
(0.9) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
50.1 |
(0.6) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.43 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
44.8 |
(0.9) |
39.2 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
0.36 |
(0.01) |
0.84 |
(0.01) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
62.3 |
(0.7) |
25.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
0.32 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
55.5 |
(0.7) |
26.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
0.08 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
53.9 |
(0.7) |
22.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
0.08 |
(0.01) |
0.82 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.2) |
19.8 |
(0.5) |
58.7 |
(0.6) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
20.6 |
(0.7) |
56.3 |
(0.7) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
52.5 |
(0.9) |
23.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.46 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
44.5 |
(0.7) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
0.17 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
18.1 |
(0.5) |
51.6 |
(0.7) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
- 0.02 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
27.4 |
(0.7) |
45.9 |
(0.6) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.51 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
† |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
46.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
38.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||
|
Georgia |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
58.1 |
(0.8) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
54.3 |
(0.7) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.54 |
(0.01) |
0.78 |
(0.01) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
4.1 |
(0.4) |
58.0 |
(0.9) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
9.1 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
43.7 |
(0.8) |
38.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
0.42 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
5.5 |
(0.2) |
6.1 |
(0.2) |
52.6 |
(0.5) |
35.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.47 |
(0.01) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
61.1 |
(0.7) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
0.22 |
(0.03) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
14.4 |
(0.9) |
13.9 |
(0.7) |
42.7 |
(1.1) |
29.0 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
- 0.23 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
47.4 |
(0.8) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.11 |
(0.01) |
0.78 |
(0.01) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
61.6 |
(0.8) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
- 0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
8.9 |
(0.6) |
24.6 |
(0.9) |
50.7 |
(0.9) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
0.32 |
(0.01) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
12.7 |
(0.4) |
57.3 |
(0.7) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
0.32 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
48.5 |
(0.7) |
32.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
0.36 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
† |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
51.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
32.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||
|
North Macedonia |
0.53 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
50.0 |
(0.9) |
35.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
0.60 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.98 |
(0.02) |
† |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
8.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
42.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
44.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
|||||||
|
Peru |
0.50 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
† |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
53.6 |
(0.7) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Philippines |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
55.9 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
0.25 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
8.2 |
(0.2) |
15.7 |
(0.3) |
49.6 |
(0.4) |
26.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
0.23 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
50.8 |
(0.8) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
52.2 |
(0.7) |
21.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.35 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
6.6 |
(0.6) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
46.6 |
(0.8) |
38.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
0.17 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
51.0 |
(0.7) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
- 0.27 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
15.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
0.38 |
(0.01) |
0.76 |
(0.01) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
65.6 |
(0.8) |
20.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
0.01 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
52.9 |
(0.6) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.36 |
(0.01) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
6.4 |
(0.2) |
14.1 |
(0.4) |
46.5 |
(0.5) |
33.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
47.7 |
(0.8) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
0.34 |
(0.01) |
0.69 |
(0.01) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
71.4 |
(0.9) |
16.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I have discovered a satisfactory meaning in life |
I have a clear sense of what gives meaning to my life |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
31.5 |
(0.5) |
44.3 |
(0.5) |
14.4 |
(0.4) |
9.8 |
(0.3) |
26.3 |
(0.4) |
45.7 |
(0.4) |
18.1 |
(0.4) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
9.1 |
(0.5) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
42.4 |
(0.8) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
38.4 |
(0.8) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium (Flemish) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
51.9 |
(0.9) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
26.7 |
(0.7) |
53.9 |
(0.8) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
24.4 |
(0.7) |
46.1 |
(0.6) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
41.7 |
(0.6) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
53.8 |
(0.7) |
25.9 |
(0.6) |
3.9 |
(0.4) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
50.8 |
(0.9) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
38.7 |
(0.7) |
41.0 |
(0.7) |
10.7 |
(0.3) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
33.9 |
(0.8) |
42.1 |
(0.7) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
47.7 |
(0.8) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
48.8 |
(0.8) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
48.4 |
(0.8) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
28.8 |
(0.7) |
47.8 |
(0.7) |
16.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
54.5 |
(0.7) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
23.4 |
(0.5) |
50.9 |
(0.7) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
France |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
24.8 |
(0.5) |
50.5 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.3) |
27.4 |
(0.6) |
40.8 |
(0.7) |
24.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
27.5 |
(0.7) |
45.2 |
(0.9) |
19.4 |
(0.7) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
39.3 |
(0.8) |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Greece |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
28.8 |
(0.6) |
49.4 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
46.0 |
(0.6) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
38.8 |
(0.8) |
36.9 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
14.0 |
(0.4) |
37.9 |
(0.9) |
32.4 |
(0.6) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
34.8 |
(0.8) |
36.6 |
(1.0) |
17.6 |
(0.7) |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
28.9 |
(0.8) |
39.7 |
(1.0) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
8.3 |
(0.3) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
31.8 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.7) |
14.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
35.1 |
(0.7) |
45.2 |
(0.7) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
18.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
45.9 |
(0.8) |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
29.7 |
(0.6) |
45.3 |
(0.6) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
27.2 |
(0.6) |
46.1 |
(0.6) |
22.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
31.8 |
(0.8) |
48.9 |
(0.8) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
27.2 |
(0.7) |
48.1 |
(0.7) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
26.0 |
(0.5) |
42.1 |
(0.6) |
20.7 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
42.6 |
(0.7) |
28.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
25.6 |
(0.7) |
47.2 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.5) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
42.8 |
(0.7) |
24.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
52.9 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.6) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
48.4 |
(0.6) |
34.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
39.8 |
(0.9) |
45.7 |
(0.8) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
30.0 |
(0.8) |
52.8 |
(0.9) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
36.0 |
(0.6) |
43.2 |
(0.6) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
47.7 |
(0.8) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
50.2 |
(0.9) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
34.5 |
(0.8) |
45.9 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.4) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
47.1 |
(0.8) |
18.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
48.9 |
(0.7) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
26.0 |
(0.6) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
6.5 |
(0.2) |
27.2 |
(0.3) |
48.7 |
(0.4) |
17.5 |
(0.3) |
7.0 |
(0.2) |
24.7 |
(0.3) |
44.9 |
(0.4) |
23.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
33.6 |
(0.6) |
41.3 |
(0.7) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
43.8 |
(0.7) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
22.8 |
(0.7) |
48.4 |
(0.8) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
42.7 |
(0.8) |
28.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
8.1 |
(0.3) |
27.7 |
(0.6) |
43.2 |
(0.6) |
20.9 |
(0.5) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
41.6 |
(0.7) |
24.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
36.0 |
(0.7) |
40.9 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
30.2 |
(0.6) |
43.4 |
(0.6) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
28.4 |
(0.9) |
44.7 |
(0.9) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
23.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
7.7 |
(0.1) |
30.2 |
(0.1) |
45.6 |
(0.1) |
16.4 |
(0.1) |
8.0 |
(0.1) |
26.3 |
(0.1) |
44.6 |
(0.1) |
21.1 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
50.3 |
(0.8) |
30.1 |
(0.8) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
46.3 |
(0.8) |
39.9 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
34.2 |
(0.8) |
42.3 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
21.2 |
(0.5) |
43.5 |
(0.7) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
46.8 |
(0.8) |
29.2 |
(0.7) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
47.2 |
(0.8) |
34.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
63.0 |
(0.7) |
20.5 |
(0.7) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
16.6 |
(0.5) |
58.2 |
(0.7) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
53.7 |
(0.7) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
54.3 |
(0.8) |
26.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
50.7 |
(0.6) |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
26.4 |
(0.5) |
43.5 |
(0.6) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
28.3 |
(0.6) |
55.5 |
(0.6) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
20.2 |
(0.5) |
59.8 |
(0.6) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
38.7 |
(0.9) |
42.5 |
(0.7) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
26.0 |
(0.8) |
49.8 |
(0.8) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
9.6 |
(0.6) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
45.4 |
(0.8) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
28.3 |
(0.8) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
41.8 |
(0.6) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
48.4 |
(0.7) |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
49.4 |
(0.7) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
27.5 |
(0.6) |
48.0 |
(0.7) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(0.7) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
14.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
47.4 |
(1.0) |
† |
31.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
42.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
39.5 |
(1.1) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
46.5 |
(0.8) |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.5) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
50.7 |
(0.7) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
50.8 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
52.5 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
65.0 |
(0.8) |
24.7 |
(0.7) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
62.9 |
(0.8) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
20.4 |
(0.5) |
48.5 |
(0.8) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
48.7 |
(0.7) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
5.3 |
(0.2) |
18.2 |
(0.4) |
52.3 |
(0.5) |
24.3 |
(0.4) |
4.9 |
(0.2) |
10.6 |
(0.3) |
55.0 |
(0.5) |
29.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
57.2 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
53.1 |
(0.7) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
25.0 |
(0.9) |
45.9 |
(0.9) |
22.4 |
(0.9) |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
47.6 |
(0.9) |
29.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
43.7 |
(0.8) |
38.0 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
41.7 |
(0.8) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
35.9 |
(0.8) |
50.2 |
(0.8) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
21.3 |
(0.7) |
58.1 |
(0.8) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
28.9 |
(1.0) |
50.0 |
(0.9) |
12.9 |
(0.7) |
8.0 |
(0.6) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
49.4 |
(0.8) |
17.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
56.2 |
(0.7) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
55.2 |
(0.8) |
25.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
5.2 |
(0.2) |
21.5 |
(0.5) |
49.4 |
(0.7) |
23.9 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.2) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
45.7 |
(0.8) |
30.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
19.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
51.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
51.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
51.1 |
(0.8) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
48.8 |
(0.9) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
5.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
13.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
49.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
33.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
5.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
42.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
42.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
14.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
56.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
† |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
50.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Philippines |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
61.3 |
(0.7) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
58.8 |
(0.7) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
20.8 |
(0.4) |
48.6 |
(0.5) |
23.7 |
(0.4) |
6.7 |
(0.2) |
16.5 |
(0.3) |
48.9 |
(0.5) |
27.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
22.1 |
(0.7) |
57.6 |
(0.8) |
16.7 |
(0.7) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
20.6 |
(0.7) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
50.0 |
(0.6) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
20.9 |
(0.5) |
52.9 |
(0.6) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
25.3 |
(0.6) |
43.6 |
(0.7) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
49.5 |
(0.7) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
48.7 |
(0.8) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
49.4 |
(0.7) |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
47.0 |
(0.7) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
38.5 |
(0.7) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
12.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
65.2 |
(0.7) |
18.2 |
(0.7) |
1.7 |
(0.1) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
64.7 |
(0.7) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
40.1 |
(0.7) |
40.3 |
(0.6) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
26.2 |
(0.5) |
50.1 |
(0.6) |
18.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
5.9 |
(0.2) |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
46.4 |
(0.5) |
27.5 |
(0.5) |
5.9 |
(0.2) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
45.6 |
(0.4) |
32.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
27.9 |
(0.7) |
47.0 |
(0.8) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
22.1 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
64.8 |
(0.8) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
66.0 |
(0.8) |
23.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.12.1. Students' positive feelings
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of positive feelings1 |
Percentage of students who reported feeling the following: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
Happy |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never |
Rarely |
Sometimes |
Always |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
0.11 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
48.8 |
(0.7) |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
- 0.06 |
(0.01) |
1.02 |
(0.00) |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
5.5 |
(0.2) |
46.0 |
(0.5) |
47.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
0.17 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
47.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
0.25 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
43.7 |
(0.6) |
49.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
53.7 |
(0.8) |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
0.24 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
56.5 |
(0.8) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.18 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
38.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
- 0.12 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
59.3 |
(0.6) |
31.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
0.27 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
1.2 |
(0.1) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
43.6 |
(0.7) |
49.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
7.3 |
(0.5) |
52.7 |
(0.9) |
39.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||
|
Greece |
- 0.05 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
54.7 |
(0.7) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
0.19 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
40.3 |
(0.8) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
- 0.09 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
52.1 |
(0.9) |
38.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
- 0.09 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
50.5 |
(0.7) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
m |
m |
m |
m |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
52.0 |
(0.7) |
39.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
6.6 |
(0.3) |
56.1 |
(0.7) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
0.03 |
(0.01) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
42.8 |
(0.6) |
43.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
50.4 |
(0.7) |
36.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
0.08 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
43.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
0.07 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
48.4 |
(0.7) |
42.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
0.36 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.8 |
(0.2) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
39.6 |
(0.6) |
56.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
0.5 |
(0.1) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
46.8 |
(1.1) |
50.0 |
(1.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
- 0.08 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
52.4 |
(0.8) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
0.22 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
48.5 |
(0.7) |
47.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
47.0 |
(0.7) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
- 0.61 |
(0.01) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
64.5 |
(0.7) |
18.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
0.30 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
3.1 |
(0.1) |
44.5 |
(0.5) |
51.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
- 0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
55.2 |
(0.7) |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
0.22 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
47.3 |
(0.8) |
47.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
- 0.26 |
(0.02) |
1.12 |
(0.01) |
3.9 |
(0.2) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
49.1 |
(0.7) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
- 0.29 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
57.5 |
(0.6) |
35.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
49.8 |
(0.8) |
43.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
0.01 |
(0.00) |
0.98 |
(0.00) |
1.5 |
(0.0) |
7.5 |
(0.1) |
49.9 |
(0.1) |
41.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.52 |
(0.01) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
27.1 |
(0.7) |
68.1 |
(0.7) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
0.08 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
51.3 |
(0.6) |
40.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.07 |
(0.02) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
40.5 |
(0.7) |
44.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belarus |
0.18 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
7.3 |
(0.5) |
42.9 |
(0.7) |
49.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
0.35 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
58.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
0.06 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
7.6 |
(0.3) |
39.6 |
(0.7) |
50.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
- 0.01 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
45.6 |
(0.6) |
47.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.11 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
0.5 |
(0.1) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
35.7 |
(0.7) |
62.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
0.16 |
(0.03) |
1.13 |
(0.02) |
4.7 |
(0.5) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
36.7 |
(0.8) |
49.9 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.32 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
0.6 |
(0.1) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
39.7 |
(0.8) |
55.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
0.26 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
1.1 |
(0.1) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
37.8 |
(0.6) |
56.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
- 0.09 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
50.8 |
(0.8) |
37.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.01 |
(0.02) |
† |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
5.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
32.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
59.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
|||||||
|
Georgia |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
5.8 |
(0.5) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
49.4 |
(0.8) |
24.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
- 0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
54.3 |
(0.8) |
41.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.33 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
53.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
- 0.22 |
(0.02) |
1.15 |
(0.01) |
9.1 |
(0.6) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
38.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
0.57 |
(0.01) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
6.3 |
(0.2) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
66.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.46 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
65.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
- 0.32 |
(0.03) |
1.13 |
(0.02) |
6.2 |
(0.6) |
12.0 |
(0.7) |
43.3 |
(1.0) |
38.5 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
- 0.08 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
47.2 |
(0.9) |
42.2 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.27 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
64.8 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
- 0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
51.0 |
(0.8) |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
0.23 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
0.40 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
30.9 |
(0.7) |
61.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
m |
m |
m |
m |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
47.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
40.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
0.37 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
63.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
0.39 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.92 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.6 |
(0.3) |
† |
3.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
38.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
56.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||
|
Peru |
0.37 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
† |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
42.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
53.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||
|
Philippines |
0.25 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
35.6 |
(0.7) |
59.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
0.01 |
(0.01) |
1.10 |
(0.01) |
4.4 |
(0.2) |
8.1 |
(0.2) |
40.1 |
(0.4) |
47.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
0.19 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
1.5 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
46.4 |
(0.8) |
46.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
- 0.07 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
42.7 |
(0.7) |
41.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
1.10 |
(0.02) |
7.5 |
(0.7) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
45.9 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
0.23 |
(0.02) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
35.5 |
(0.7) |
54.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
0.12 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
44.5 |
(0.6) |
49.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
0.32 |
(0.02) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
33.1 |
(0.7) |
59.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
0.31 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
8.0 |
(0.3) |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
46.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.04 |
(0.01) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
39.8 |
(0.6) |
50.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
0.19 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
46.6 |
(0.9) |
47.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
m |
m |
m |
m |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
46.2 |
(0.6) |
38.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported feeling the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Lively |
Proud |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never |
Rarely |
Sometimes |
Always |
Never |
Rarely |
Sometimes |
Always |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Austria |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
43.8 |
(0.6) |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
55.8 |
(0.6) |
18.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
3.9 |
(0.2) |
15.9 |
(0.4) |
50.7 |
(0.5) |
29.5 |
(0.5) |
3.9 |
(0.2) |
19.9 |
(0.4) |
55.6 |
(0.4) |
20.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
47.8 |
(0.8) |
39.0 |
(0.8) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
22.2 |
(0.5) |
46.9 |
(0.8) |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
44.5 |
(0.7) |
46.1 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
19.3 |
(0.6) |
42.2 |
(0.8) |
30.2 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
47.3 |
(0.8) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
29.2 |
(0.7) |
47.1 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
56.3 |
(0.7) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
66.9 |
(0.8) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
50.8 |
(0.7) |
28.7 |
(0.8) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
32.5 |
(0.8) |
50.4 |
(0.8) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
63.1 |
(0.7) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
60.9 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
France |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
22.7 |
(0.7) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
21.6 |
(0.5) |
50.5 |
(0.7) |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
† |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
45.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
37.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
56.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
16.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Greece |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
45.1 |
(0.7) |
40.7 |
(0.7) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
52.4 |
(0.7) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
42.3 |
(0.6) |
40.0 |
(0.7) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
50.9 |
(0.9) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
54.1 |
(0.9) |
35.8 |
(0.9) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.7) |
57.5 |
(0.9) |
20.4 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
53.1 |
(0.7) |
35.8 |
(0.7) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
58.4 |
(0.7) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
33.4 |
(0.6) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
21.3 |
(0.5) |
49.6 |
(0.8) |
23.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
45.8 |
(0.7) |
44.3 |
(0.8) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
37.4 |
(0.8) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
15.0 |
(0.4) |
40.8 |
(0.6) |
41.3 |
(0.6) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
43.5 |
(0.6) |
22.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
19.4 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(0.9) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
45.6 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
15.1 |
(0.4) |
49.1 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.6) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
22.7 |
(0.5) |
53.7 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
41.9 |
(0.8) |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
54.7 |
(0.7) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
47.0 |
(0.8) |
45.2 |
(0.7) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
1.6 |
(0.3) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
54.3 |
(0.8) |
36.3 |
(0.9) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
64.4 |
(0.8) |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
48.0 |
(0.6) |
32.5 |
(0.7) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
28.1 |
(0.6) |
55.4 |
(0.8) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
54.6 |
(0.7) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
55.8 |
(0.7) |
14.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
51.8 |
(0.8) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
55.1 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
47.4 |
(0.8) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
6.2 |
(0.2) |
51.3 |
(0.4) |
41.7 |
(0.4) |
4.3 |
(0.1) |
19.3 |
(0.4) |
53.4 |
(0.5) |
23.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
25.0 |
(0.6) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
56.8 |
(0.9) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
3.8 |
(0.4) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
45.9 |
(0.8) |
37.1 |
(0.8) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
58.5 |
(0.9) |
18.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
20.9 |
(0.5) |
38.1 |
(0.7) |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
14.5 |
(0.4) |
40.6 |
(0.7) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
53.4 |
(0.6) |
29.2 |
(0.6) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
29.3 |
(0.8) |
53.0 |
(0.8) |
11.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
50.4 |
(0.7) |
31.0 |
(0.8) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
53.9 |
(0.8) |
24.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
3.4 |
(0.0) |
14.5 |
(0.1) |
48.8 |
(0.1) |
33.3 |
(0.1) |
5.2 |
(0.1) |
23.5 |
(0.1) |
52.3 |
(0.1) |
19.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
78.5 |
(0.6) |
1.2 |
(0.1) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
34.9 |
(0.8) |
58.6 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
43.7 |
(0.7) |
44.2 |
(0.6) |
7.9 |
(0.3) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
47.0 |
(0.8) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
30.7 |
(0.7) |
53.3 |
(0.8) |
22.0 |
(0.7) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
29.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
35.1 |
(0.6) |
55.4 |
(0.8) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
52.5 |
(0.6) |
13.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
49.3 |
(0.6) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
52.0 |
(0.6) |
34.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
13.9 |
(0.4) |
22.3 |
(0.5) |
40.9 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
16.3 |
(0.4) |
50.0 |
(0.6) |
30.8 |
(0.6) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
25.3 |
(0.5) |
57.0 |
(0.7) |
13.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
4.8 |
(0.2) |
41.2 |
(0.9) |
53.0 |
(0.9) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
15.3 |
(0.4) |
65.6 |
(0.5) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
38.9 |
(0.8) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
6.3 |
(0.5) |
20.6 |
(0.5) |
47.0 |
(0.9) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
7.9 |
(0.3) |
44.6 |
(0.8) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
57.1 |
(0.8) |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
46.8 |
(0.6) |
36.8 |
(0.6) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
16.3 |
(0.5) |
61.2 |
(0.6) |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
53.7 |
(0.8) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
11.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
13.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
36.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
38.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
13.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
35.0 |
(1.1) |
† |
43.0 |
(1.1) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
5.4 |
(0.5) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
28.4 |
(0.8) |
54.7 |
(0.9) |
16.3 |
(0.7) |
26.4 |
(0.7) |
38.2 |
(0.8) |
19.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
55.9 |
(0.8) |
28.9 |
(0.8) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
55.6 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
35.9 |
(0.8) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
49.9 |
(1.0) |
35.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
37.5 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
50.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
9.4 |
(0.3) |
36.7 |
(0.5) |
52.4 |
(0.6) |
16.7 |
(0.4) |
29.3 |
(0.4) |
38.5 |
(0.5) |
15.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
30.6 |
(0.8) |
61.7 |
(0.8) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
34.6 |
(0.8) |
58.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
9.1 |
(0.6) |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
41.6 |
(0.9) |
29.1 |
(0.8) |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
41.7 |
(0.9) |
33.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
45.8 |
(0.8) |
34.2 |
(0.8) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
48.3 |
(0.8) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
45.5 |
(0.7) |
35.9 |
(0.8) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
54.6 |
(0.8) |
18.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
13.6 |
(0.7) |
47.4 |
(0.9) |
35.9 |
(0.9) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
22.1 |
(0.7) |
55.0 |
(0.9) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
51.6 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
49.5 |
(0.7) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
23.1 |
(0.6) |
25.5 |
(0.6) |
33.9 |
(0.6) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
49.1 |
(0.6) |
39.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
50.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
2.1 |
(0.3) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
32.3 |
(0.6) |
59.6 |
(0.7) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
46.4 |
(0.8) |
40.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
3.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
7.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
32.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
57.0 |
(1.1) |
† |
11.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
† |
37.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
38.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
1.2 |
(0.1) |
† |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
† |
42.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
51.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Philippines |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
45.4 |
(0.7) |
46.5 |
(0.8) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
47.2 |
(0.7) |
40.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
5.1 |
(0.2) |
14.4 |
(0.3) |
45.3 |
(0.5) |
35.2 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.2) |
15.9 |
(0.3) |
40.9 |
(0.4) |
37.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
49.5 |
(0.8) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
52.3 |
(0.8) |
21.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
45.5 |
(0.7) |
33.6 |
(0.8) |
12.4 |
(0.4) |
30.8 |
(0.5) |
39.8 |
(0.6) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
4.3 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
49.2 |
(0.8) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
31.1 |
(0.7) |
52.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
40.7 |
(0.7) |
38.9 |
(0.7) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
50.6 |
(0.7) |
34.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
43.1 |
(0.7) |
43.6 |
(0.7) |
13.2 |
(0.4) |
43.6 |
(0.7) |
37.1 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
34.9 |
(0.7) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
1.2 |
(0.1) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
56.4 |
(0.8) |
25.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
45.1 |
(0.6) |
40.6 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
3.9 |
(0.2) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
45.3 |
(0.5) |
38.1 |
(0.4) |
5.2 |
(0.2) |
14.5 |
(0.4) |
40.6 |
(0.6) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
47.1 |
(0.8) |
41.2 |
(0.9) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
52.4 |
(0.9) |
25.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
48.5 |
(0.8) |
32.8 |
(0.9) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
57.0 |
(0.8) |
16.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported feeling the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Joyful |
Cheerful |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never |
Rarely |
Sometimes |
Always |
Never |
Rarely |
Sometimes |
Always |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Austria |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
43.7 |
(0.7) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.3) |
52.1 |
(0.4) |
34.1 |
(0.5) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
12.6 |
(0.3) |
49.8 |
(0.4) |
35.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
41.1 |
(0.7) |
51.2 |
(0.8) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
44.9 |
(0.7) |
43.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
37.5 |
(0.7) |
54.6 |
(0.8) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
42.5 |
(0.8) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
54.7 |
(0.9) |
33.9 |
(0.8) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
50.7 |
(0.9) |
37.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
42.4 |
(0.9) |
54.6 |
(0.9) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
39.2 |
(0.8) |
57.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
48.7 |
(0.7) |
29.2 |
(0.7) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
46.3 |
(0.8) |
42.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
1.2 |
(0.1) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
60.2 |
(0.6) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
56.9 |
(0.6) |
33.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
France |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
41.0 |
(0.6) |
51.5 |
(0.7) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
55.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
49.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
41.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
† |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
44.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
47.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
|
|
Greece |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
47.8 |
(0.8) |
45.0 |
(0.7) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
48.8 |
(0.7) |
33.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
55.5 |
(0.8) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
13.4 |
(0.4) |
39.5 |
(0.8) |
43.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
57.1 |
(0.9) |
30.7 |
(0.8) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
53.2 |
(0.9) |
38.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
59.8 |
(0.7) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
56.8 |
(0.8) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
22.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
56.4 |
(0.7) |
37.8 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
15.6 |
(0.4) |
49.0 |
(0.7) |
29.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
45.4 |
(0.5) |
44.9 |
(0.6) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
46.1 |
(0.5) |
40.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
48.1 |
(0.8) |
42.8 |
(0.8) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
40.6 |
(0.8) |
48.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
48.5 |
(0.6) |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
44.3 |
(0.6) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
48.3 |
(0.7) |
41.8 |
(0.6) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
44.3 |
(0.8) |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
0.9 |
(0.2) |
† |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
34.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
60.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
† |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
42.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
50.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
0.6 |
(0.1) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
44.8 |
(0.9) |
51.3 |
(0.9) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
15.5 |
(0.8) |
58.7 |
(0.8) |
22.4 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
49.1 |
(0.8) |
38.1 |
(0.8) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
47.7 |
(0.9) |
41.0 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
48.4 |
(0.8) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
46.5 |
(0.9) |
47.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
48.1 |
(0.7) |
39.0 |
(0.7) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
44.7 |
(0.7) |
44.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
51.4 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
55.8 |
(0.7) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
1.2 |
(0.1) |
5.1 |
(0.2) |
41.9 |
(0.5) |
51.8 |
(0.5) |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
42.4 |
(0.5) |
52.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
53.1 |
(0.8) |
38.7 |
(0.7) |
1.9 |
(0.3) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
50.0 |
(0.8) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
46.5 |
(0.8) |
47.1 |
(0.8) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
50.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
48.5 |
(0.7) |
32.2 |
(0.6) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
43.8 |
(0.7) |
38.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
59.0 |
(0.7) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
13.7 |
(0.4) |
57.4 |
(0.7) |
26.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
52.7 |
(0.8) |
32.3 |
(0.8) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
31.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
1.7 |
(0.0) |
9.0 |
(0.1) |
48.2 |
(0.1) |
41.0 |
(0.1) |
2.2 |
(0.0) |
9.8 |
(0.1) |
47.1 |
(0.1) |
40.9 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.6 |
(0.1) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
29.7 |
(0.7) |
66.2 |
(0.7) |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
57.8 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
48.0 |
(0.6) |
43.0 |
(0.6) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
46.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
53.1 |
(0.8) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
45.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
0.4 |
(0.1) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
38.7 |
(0.8) |
56.1 |
(0.8) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
45.2 |
(0.7) |
38.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
38.7 |
(0.8) |
53.6 |
(0.8) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
61.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
8.3 |
(0.3) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
53.4 |
(0.7) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
15.7 |
(0.4) |
46.3 |
(0.6) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
11.9 |
(0.4) |
47.6 |
(0.6) |
38.0 |
(0.6) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
46.9 |
(0.6) |
38.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
59.5 |
(0.7) |
35.2 |
(0.8) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
55.5 |
(0.6) |
30.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
38.8 |
(0.8) |
48.6 |
(1.0) |
3.3 |
(0.4) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
56.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
36.0 |
(0.8) |
57.5 |
(0.8) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
42.3 |
(0.8) |
49.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
45.2 |
(0.6) |
45.8 |
(0.7) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
37.1 |
(0.6) |
56.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
47.9 |
(0.7) |
42.4 |
(0.7) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
47.0 |
(0.7) |
33.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
† |
6.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
30.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
60.6 |
(1.0) |
† |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
6.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
58.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
45.0 |
(0.7) |
40.6 |
(0.7) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
34.8 |
(0.8) |
55.0 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
62.1 |
(0.8) |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
55.0 |
(0.8) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
37.3 |
(0.7) |
55.3 |
(0.7) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
33.3 |
(0.7) |
59.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
39.0 |
(0.7) |
39.1 |
(0.8) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
13.3 |
(0.4) |
30.9 |
(0.6) |
46.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
4.9 |
(0.2) |
28.5 |
(0.5) |
65.7 |
(0.5) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
22.5 |
(0.4) |
72.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
57.3 |
(0.7) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
30.8 |
(0.8) |
65.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
12.5 |
(0.9) |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
41.4 |
(1.1) |
35.1 |
(1.0) |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
15.9 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
31.4 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
50.0 |
(0.8) |
36.5 |
(0.8) |
2.2 |
(0.3) |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
44.9 |
(0.7) |
37.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
36.5 |
(0.7) |
46.9 |
(0.9) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
29.0 |
(0.8) |
62.3 |
(1.0) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
51.8 |
(0.9) |
35.0 |
(0.8) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
48.6 |
(0.8) |
39.3 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
36.9 |
(0.7) |
55.7 |
(0.8) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
42.2 |
(0.8) |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
55.7 |
(0.7) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
28.1 |
(0.6) |
64.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
29.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
36.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
† |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
37.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
36.7 |
(0.7) |
57.3 |
(0.7) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
36.8 |
(0.8) |
52.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
1.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
33.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
60.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
1.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
4.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
37.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
56.0 |
(1.0) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
0.7 |
(0.1) |
† |
3.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
36.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
59.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
† |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
† |
40.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
53.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Philippines |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
38.9 |
(0.7) |
52.6 |
(0.9) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
10.3 |
(0.3) |
43.3 |
(0.4) |
42.7 |
(0.4) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
11.1 |
(0.3) |
41.4 |
(0.4) |
43.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
46.9 |
(0.8) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
40.8 |
(0.8) |
51.2 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
47.8 |
(0.8) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
43.0 |
(0.6) |
32.8 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
5.6 |
(0.5) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
51.1 |
(0.7) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
36.2 |
(0.8) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
7.8 |
(0.3) |
40.3 |
(0.6) |
49.2 |
(0.7) |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
56.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
7.5 |
(0.3) |
47.8 |
(0.7) |
43.4 |
(0.7) |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
44.3 |
(0.6) |
44.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
40.8 |
(0.7) |
48.5 |
(0.8) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
64.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
36.3 |
(0.7) |
56.7 |
(0.7) |
1.1 |
(0.2) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
60.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
4.3 |
(0.2) |
11.2 |
(0.3) |
41.7 |
(0.6) |
42.8 |
(0.6) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
39.3 |
(0.5) |
46.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
1.8 |
(0.3) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
49.1 |
(0.9) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
47.3 |
(0.9) |
44.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
29.5 |
(0.9) |
49.8 |
(0.9) |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
0.5 |
(0.1) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
45.7 |
(0.7) |
44.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
← 1. The index of positive feelings is based on three items: "happy", "joyful" and "cheerful". |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.12.2. Students' negative feelings
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported feeling the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Scared |
Miserable |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never |
Rarely |
Sometimes |
Always |
Never |
Rarely |
Sometimes |
Always |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Austria |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
49.4 |
(0.9) |
28.5 |
(0.8) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
48.3 |
(0.8) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
15.1 |
(0.4) |
46.5 |
(0.5) |
33.0 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.2) |
16.8 |
(0.4) |
42.1 |
(0.5) |
34.9 |
(0.5) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
46.7 |
(0.9) |
21.2 |
(0.6) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
16.1 |
(0.5) |
33.3 |
(0.6) |
41.6 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
50.6 |
(0.7) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
40.7 |
(0.7) |
21.8 |
(0.6) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
37.2 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
46.0 |
(0.6) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
52.0 |
(0.9) |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
20.8 |
(0.5) |
50.6 |
(0.7) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
55.0 |
(0.8) |
30.4 |
(0.8) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
40.8 |
(0.7) |
35.9 |
(0.7) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
14.8 |
(0.4) |
59.1 |
(0.6) |
23.7 |
(0.5) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
51.7 |
(0.7) |
29.2 |
(0.6) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
France |
20.7 |
(0.5) |
50.9 |
(0.8) |
25.1 |
(0.7) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
33.1 |
(0.6) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
18.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
53.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
49.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
36.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Greece |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
33.0 |
(0.6) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
17.3 |
(0.5) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
30.8 |
(0.6) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
20.9 |
(0.7) |
49.5 |
(0.8) |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
45.0 |
(0.8) |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
24.2 |
(0.8) |
49.4 |
(1.0) |
23.4 |
(0.8) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
43.1 |
(0.9) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
51.7 |
(0.7) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
47.7 |
(0.7) |
33.3 |
(0.8) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
36.3 |
(0.6) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
42.4 |
(0.6) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
37.4 |
(0.6) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
15.7 |
(0.5) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
35.0 |
(0.6) |
35.3 |
(0.5) |
24.3 |
(0.6) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
53.5 |
(0.8) |
32.3 |
(0.8) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
44.1 |
(0.8) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
52.1 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.6) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
31.9 |
(0.6) |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
24.1 |
(0.6) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
47.9 |
(0.7) |
30.5 |
(0.6) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
45.0 |
(0.7) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
47.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
26.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
19.4 |
(0.5) |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
37.0 |
(0.8) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Netherlands* |
20.4 |
(0.7) |
50.9 |
(0.8) |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
22.1 |
(0.8) |
47.1 |
(0.9) |
28.4 |
(0.8) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
54.6 |
(0.7) |
27.0 |
(0.6) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
46.6 |
(0.7) |
37.2 |
(0.7) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
55.0 |
(0.7) |
27.9 |
(0.7) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
48.9 |
(0.8) |
35.1 |
(0.8) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
52.4 |
(0.6) |
30.3 |
(0.7) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
42.4 |
(0.8) |
37.8 |
(0.7) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
63.9 |
(0.8) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
52.4 |
(0.8) |
29.1 |
(0.8) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
17.1 |
(0.3) |
51.9 |
(0.3) |
29.0 |
(0.3) |
2.0 |
(0.1) |
17.7 |
(0.4) |
44.2 |
(0.4) |
34.1 |
(0.4) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
16.7 |
(0.7) |
50.0 |
(0.7) |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
15.4 |
(0.7) |
44.9 |
(0.8) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
52.4 |
(0.7) |
27.1 |
(0.7) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
51.1 |
(0.8) |
35.0 |
(0.8) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
23.8 |
(0.7) |
49.9 |
(0.7) |
22.5 |
(0.6) |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
40.1 |
(0.6) |
35.6 |
(0.6) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
13.6 |
(0.4) |
47.6 |
(0.7) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
37.4 |
(0.7) |
44.7 |
(0.6) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
14.3 |
(0.6) |
41.1 |
(0.8) |
39.0 |
(0.9) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
20.1 |
(0.7) |
39.6 |
(0.8) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
16.2 |
(0.1) |
49.5 |
(0.1) |
30.3 |
(0.1) |
4.0 |
(0.1) |
17.4 |
(0.1) |
43.8 |
(0.1) |
33.3 |
(0.1) |
5.5 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
42.7 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.7) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
73.7 |
(0.6) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
7.4 |
(0.3) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
41.7 |
(0.7) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
35.8 |
(0.8) |
30.1 |
(0.6) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
22.6 |
(0.7) |
42.7 |
(0.7) |
29.4 |
(0.6) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
51.7 |
(0.8) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
59.3 |
(0.7) |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
20.0 |
(0.5) |
53.3 |
(0.6) |
23.8 |
(0.6) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
44.2 |
(0.9) |
30.8 |
(0.8) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
46.9 |
(0.7) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
43.2 |
(0.6) |
35.7 |
(0.5) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
26.5 |
(0.6) |
33.3 |
(0.6) |
31.0 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
34.1 |
(0.6) |
46.8 |
(0.6) |
13.1 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
53.1 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
33.7 |
(0.5) |
51.2 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
49.2 |
(0.7) |
27.1 |
(0.8) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
53.4 |
(0.6) |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
47.8 |
(0.7) |
27.1 |
(0.8) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
47.6 |
(0.6) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
48.2 |
(0.6) |
34.7 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
50.9 |
(0.7) |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
39.0 |
(0.7) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
30.5 |
(1.1) |
† |
40.8 |
(1.1) |
† |
23.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
5.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
35.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
35.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
22.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
49.2 |
(0.8) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
41.5 |
(0.9) |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
28.3 |
(0.7) |
55.9 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
31.6 |
(0.6) |
51.4 |
(0.6) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
34.3 |
(0.8) |
54.2 |
(0.9) |
8.8 |
(0.7) |
31.4 |
(0.9) |
41.4 |
(0.8) |
22.0 |
(0.6) |
5.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
43.6 |
(0.7) |
28.4 |
(0.6) |
7.1 |
(0.3) |
32.5 |
(0.7) |
36.5 |
(0.8) |
22.5 |
(0.6) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
23.0 |
(0.5) |
44.8 |
(0.5) |
28.9 |
(0.5) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
47.2 |
(0.6) |
35.5 |
(0.4) |
14.5 |
(0.4) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
21.3 |
(0.7) |
43.5 |
(1.0) |
32.7 |
(0.8) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
64.5 |
(0.7) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
40.8 |
(1.0) |
33.9 |
(0.8) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
25.5 |
(0.8) |
33.7 |
(0.8) |
30.3 |
(0.7) |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
53.4 |
(0.7) |
31.7 |
(0.8) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
45.4 |
(0.8) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
52.7 |
(0.7) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
45.8 |
(0.6) |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
41.5 |
(0.9) |
41.6 |
(0.9) |
6.5 |
(0.5) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
34.0 |
(0.9) |
6.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
58.9 |
(0.8) |
22.0 |
(0.6) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
48.2 |
(0.7) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
44.3 |
(0.6) |
18.9 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
58.2 |
(0.5) |
25.9 |
(0.5) |
11.9 |
(0.4) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
40.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
34.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
43.5 |
(0.7) |
20.3 |
(0.7) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
63.5 |
(0.6) |
22.5 |
(0.6) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
25.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
43.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
27.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
4.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
30.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
42.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
7.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
25.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
47.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
25.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
† |
16.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
37.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Philippines |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
55.5 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
15.8 |
(0.5) |
37.0 |
(0.6) |
41.0 |
(0.6) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
18.9 |
(0.4) |
42.8 |
(0.5) |
30.7 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.2) |
21.0 |
(0.4) |
40.0 |
(0.4) |
29.9 |
(0.4) |
9.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
52.2 |
(0.8) |
30.3 |
(0.8) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
14.4 |
(0.6) |
50.7 |
(0.7) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
54.7 |
(0.7) |
24.3 |
(0.5) |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
55.5 |
(1.1) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.4) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
24.0 |
(0.8) |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
26.3 |
(0.7) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
36.3 |
(0.7) |
38.9 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
30.7 |
(0.7) |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
19.9 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
48.5 |
(0.8) |
28.9 |
(0.8) |
17.2 |
(0.6) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
63.2 |
(0.7) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
50.7 |
(0.6) |
28.7 |
(0.5) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
43.3 |
(0.7) |
40.4 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
37.2 |
(0.6) |
46.3 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
54.1 |
(0.8) |
24.8 |
(0.6) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
53.9 |
(0.7) |
31.9 |
(0.6) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
23.4 |
(0.5) |
39.8 |
(0.5) |
28.7 |
(0.4) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
27.6 |
(0.4) |
36.9 |
(0.5) |
27.3 |
(0.5) |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
31.7 |
(0.8) |
45.8 |
(0.9) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
36.2 |
(0.8) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
23.3 |
(0.7) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
52.6 |
(0.6) |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
55.2 |
(0.7) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported feeling the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Afraid |
Sad |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Never |
Rarely |
Sometimes |
Always |
Never |
Rarely |
Sometimes |
Always |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
||||||||
|
Austria |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
36.0 |
(0.8) |
45.4 |
(0.7) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
46.3 |
(0.8) |
38.4 |
(0.9) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
16.4 |
(0.4) |
42.1 |
(0.5) |
34.0 |
(0.5) |
7.4 |
(0.2) |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
35.4 |
(0.4) |
47.4 |
(0.5) |
9.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
27.5 |
(0.8) |
46.3 |
(0.8) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
36.1 |
(0.6) |
46.4 |
(0.7) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
35.8 |
(0.8) |
48.4 |
(0.7) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
42.7 |
(0.8) |
44.2 |
(0.7) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
46.2 |
(0.7) |
12.5 |
(0.6) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
41.3 |
(0.7) |
45.3 |
(0.7) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
32.5 |
(0.6) |
18.9 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
43.3 |
(0.7) |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
40.1 |
(0.7) |
42.7 |
(0.8) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
42.2 |
(0.8) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
43.1 |
(0.6) |
43.5 |
(0.6) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
47.5 |
(0.6) |
42.0 |
(0.5) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
France |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
33.9 |
(0.6) |
42.8 |
(0.6) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
44.1 |
(0.7) |
41.0 |
(0.7) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
38.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
44.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
48.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
39.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
3.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Greece |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
32.8 |
(0.6) |
45.6 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.4) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
41.9 |
(0.7) |
45.5 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
41.9 |
(0.8) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
44.9 |
(0.9) |
39.5 |
(0.9) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
23.6 |
(0.8) |
48.2 |
(0.8) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
42.7 |
(1.0) |
38.5 |
(1.0) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
51.7 |
(0.7) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
4.4 |
(0.2) |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
53.1 |
(0.7) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
49.0 |
(0.7) |
27.4 |
(0.7) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
49.1 |
(0.8) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
54.8 |
(0.6) |
28.4 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
27.7 |
(0.6) |
54.3 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
23.4 |
(0.6) |
44.7 |
(0.6) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
35.8 |
(0.6) |
42.5 |
(0.6) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
46.1 |
(0.8) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
43.4 |
(0.8) |
42.5 |
(0.8) |
7.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
22.1 |
(0.6) |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
26.6 |
(0.6) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
42.5 |
(0.8) |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
32.9 |
(0.6) |
46.9 |
(0.7) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
42.4 |
(0.7) |
42.7 |
(0.7) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
22.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
48.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
26.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
† |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
43.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
34.4 |
(0.8) |
50.1 |
(0.9) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.6) |
45.2 |
(0.8) |
42.5 |
(0.8) |
2.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
56.8 |
(0.7) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
43.3 |
(0.7) |
42.6 |
(0.8) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
59.5 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.5) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
45.0 |
(0.8) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
38.4 |
(0.8) |
45.6 |
(0.8) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
43.1 |
(0.7) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
58.8 |
(0.7) |
29.7 |
(0.7) |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
4.2 |
(0.2) |
24.6 |
(0.4) |
58.3 |
(0.5) |
12.8 |
(0.3) |
6.9 |
(0.2) |
39.1 |
(0.4) |
50.4 |
(0.4) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
37.9 |
(0.8) |
43.7 |
(0.8) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
10.3 |
(0.6) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
44.6 |
(0.7) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
44.8 |
(0.8) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
47.3 |
(0.8) |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
42.4 |
(0.7) |
32.3 |
(0.6) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
35.4 |
(0.6) |
44.8 |
(0.6) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
45.9 |
(0.7) |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
33.3 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
39.6 |
(0.6) |
36.4 |
(0.8) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
29.2 |
(0.6) |
52.4 |
(0.8) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
12.3 |
(0.1) |
38.2 |
(0.1) |
39.3 |
(0.1) |
10.3 |
(0.1) |
8.3 |
(0.1) |
41.2 |
(0.1) |
44.1 |
(0.1) |
6.5 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
24.4 |
(0.6) |
36.6 |
(0.7) |
29.3 |
(0.6) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
43.1 |
(0.7) |
38.8 |
(0.8) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
37.3 |
(0.7) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
28.5 |
(0.6) |
48.9 |
(0.8) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
32.0 |
(0.6) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
36.7 |
(0.7) |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
52.6 |
(0.7) |
26.0 |
(0.8) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
47.3 |
(0.8) |
39.3 |
(0.8) |
5.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
39.3 |
(0.7) |
38.8 |
(0.8) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
44.3 |
(0.7) |
37.6 |
(0.8) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
32.5 |
(0.6) |
36.1 |
(0.6) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
7.7 |
(0.3) |
28.4 |
(0.6) |
50.6 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
33.7 |
(0.6) |
45.0 |
(0.6) |
15.0 |
(0.4) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
28.4 |
(0.6) |
49.0 |
(0.6) |
19.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
70.3 |
(0.5) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
14.7 |
(0.4) |
71.7 |
(0.5) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
10.5 |
(0.6) |
33.8 |
(0.8) |
41.0 |
(0.8) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
11.3 |
(0.6) |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
36.9 |
(0.9) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
54.5 |
(0.7) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
39.0 |
(0.6) |
47.3 |
(0.7) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
36.5 |
(0.7) |
47.4 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
45.9 |
(0.7) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
24.4 |
(0.6) |
48.1 |
(0.8) |
22.9 |
(0.5) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
40.7 |
(0.8) |
42.7 |
(0.8) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
20.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
41.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
31.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
6.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
32.2 |
(1.1) |
† |
46.2 |
(1.1) |
† |
10.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
43.6 |
(0.8) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
45.3 |
(0.9) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
3.8 |
(0.4) |
13.6 |
(0.7) |
60.6 |
(0.8) |
21.9 |
(0.8) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
19.3 |
(0.6) |
64.1 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
50.4 |
(0.8) |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
40.1 |
(0.9) |
47.7 |
(0.9) |
8.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
41.0 |
(0.6) |
31.3 |
(0.5) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
17.3 |
(0.5) |
39.7 |
(0.9) |
32.9 |
(0.6) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
19.4 |
(0.4) |
43.3 |
(0.4) |
31.1 |
(0.5) |
6.2 |
(0.2) |
21.0 |
(0.5) |
43.7 |
(0.4) |
30.4 |
(0.5) |
4.9 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
25.3 |
(0.7) |
42.5 |
(0.9) |
28.5 |
(0.8) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
16.3 |
(0.6) |
45.1 |
(0.8) |
34.8 |
(0.8) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
35.6 |
(1.0) |
42.4 |
(1.0) |
9.4 |
(0.6) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
37.1 |
(0.8) |
42.4 |
(0.8) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
45.5 |
(0.9) |
37.9 |
(0.8) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
15.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
40.5 |
(0.7) |
12.0 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
35.5 |
(0.7) |
45.2 |
(0.8) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
43.0 |
(0.9) |
37.0 |
(0.9) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
53.3 |
(0.9) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
45.8 |
(0.7) |
35.9 |
(0.7) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
47.6 |
(0.7) |
39.7 |
(0.7) |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
30.9 |
(0.6) |
43.9 |
(0.7) |
21.1 |
(0.5) |
4.1 |
(0.2) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
42.9 |
(0.7) |
37.7 |
(0.6) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
† |
33.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
† |
34.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
43.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
41.8 |
(0.8) |
38.4 |
(0.8) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
40.2 |
(0.8) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
21.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
39.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
34.3 |
(1.0) |
† |
4.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
29.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
51.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
47.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
† |
37.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
47.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
|
|
Philippines |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
25.5 |
(0.6) |
56.7 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
25.3 |
(0.5) |
60.7 |
(0.6) |
8.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
18.8 |
(0.3) |
41.0 |
(0.4) |
32.2 |
(0.4) |
8.1 |
(0.2) |
8.3 |
(0.2) |
33.6 |
(0.4) |
46.3 |
(0.4) |
11.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
22.9 |
(0.8) |
47.0 |
(0.7) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
46.7 |
(0.7) |
28.2 |
(0.5) |
7.3 |
(0.3) |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
40.4 |
(0.7) |
39.3 |
(0.6) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
42.7 |
(0.8) |
37.1 |
(0.7) |
16.4 |
(0.6) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
21.9 |
(0.6) |
39.4 |
(0.7) |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
44.3 |
(0.7) |
24.8 |
(0.6) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
39.3 |
(0.7) |
40.1 |
(0.7) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
9.0 |
(0.3) |
45.7 |
(0.7) |
38.1 |
(0.6) |
7.2 |
(0.3) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
45.0 |
(0.6) |
40.5 |
(0.7) |
7.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
4.8 |
(0.4) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
46.8 |
(0.7) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
38.1 |
(0.8) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
51.6 |
(0.7) |
30.2 |
(0.6) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
43.7 |
(0.7) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
25.3 |
(0.5) |
38.4 |
(0.6) |
28.4 |
(0.4) |
7.8 |
(0.6) |
14.5 |
(0.4) |
33.4 |
(0.5) |
42.0 |
(0.5) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
44.7 |
(0.7) |
26.2 |
(0.6) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
36.6 |
(0.9) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
49.0 |
(0.8) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
4.4 |
(0.4) |
47.7 |
(0.9) |
34.5 |
(0.9) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.13.1. Students' self-efficacy
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of self-efficacy |
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
I usually manage one way or another |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
0.03 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
1.3 |
(0.1) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
72.4 |
(0.5) |
20.9 |
(0.4) |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
64.2 |
(0.7) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium (Flemish) |
- 0.21 |
(0.02) |
0.82 |
(0.01) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
70.8 |
(0.6) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
0.13 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
1.5 |
(0.1) |
5.5 |
(0.2) |
66.8 |
(0.5) |
26.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
0.29 |
(0.02) |
1.13 |
(0.01) |
2.2 |
(0.3) |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
61.2 |
(0.7) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
0.30 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
70.3 |
(0.8) |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.28 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
2.1 |
(0.3) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
75.0 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
69.2 |
(0.7) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
5.7 |
(0.3) |
70.2 |
(0.7) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
68.3 |
(0.7) |
25.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
- 0.10 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
63.3 |
(0.7) |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.95 |
(0.02) |
† |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
† |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
† |
66.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||
|
Greece |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
3.4 |
(0.4) |
8.1 |
(0.4) |
70.9 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
0.17 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
2.1 |
(0.3) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
71.4 |
(0.8) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
0.10 |
(0.02) |
1.17 |
(0.02) |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
60.2 |
(0.7) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
- 0.04 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
5.4 |
(0.2) |
76.8 |
(0.6) |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
0.17 |
(0.02) |
1.14 |
(0.01) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
58.8 |
(0.8) |
25.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
- 0.03 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
66.8 |
(0.7) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
- 0.61 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
30.1 |
(0.6) |
52.0 |
(0.8) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
- 0.04 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
69.7 |
(0.6) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
- 0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
70.6 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
0.23 |
(0.01) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
64.5 |
(0.7) |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
62.5 |
(0.8) |
24.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
0.36 |
(0.01) |
† |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
† |
1.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
65.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
25.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||
|
Netherlands* |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.84 |
(0.02) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
73.6 |
(0.8) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
- 0.02 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
74.6 |
(0.6) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
- 0.06 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
71.4 |
(0.7) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
- 0.01 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
8.2 |
(0.4) |
71.0 |
(0.6) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
- 0.28 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
5.6 |
(0.4) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
65.9 |
(0.8) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
- 0.05 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
69.7 |
(0.7) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
0.17 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
12.3 |
(0.3) |
62.0 |
(0.4) |
22.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
- 0.06 |
(0.02) |
1.04 |
(0.02) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
63.2 |
(0.8) |
29.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
0.02 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
65.7 |
(1.0) |
21.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
0.36 |
(0.02) |
1.14 |
(0.01) |
3.7 |
(0.4) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
62.5 |
(0.7) |
24.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
- 0.17 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
1.5 |
(0.1) |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
73.0 |
(0.6) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
0.17 |
(0.02) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
5.0 |
(0.4) |
70.4 |
(0.8) |
23.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
0.01 |
(0.00) |
0.98 |
(0.00) |
2.6 |
(0.0) |
8.9 |
(0.1) |
67.5 |
(0.1) |
21.0 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
0.60 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
58.1 |
(0.8) |
35.4 |
(0.8) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
0.01 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
66.9 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.31 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.29 |
(0.02) |
† |
6.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
56.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
28.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
|||||||
|
Belarus |
- 0.22 |
(0.01) |
0.81 |
(0.01) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
77.4 |
(0.6) |
8.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
0.25 |
(0.02) |
1.07 |
(0.02) |
5.2 |
(0.3) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
63.1 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
- 0.16 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
61.4 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
- 0.18 |
(0.01) |
0.81 |
(0.01) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
76.6 |
(0.5) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
- 0.12 |
(0.02) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
69.2 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
0.05 |
(0.02) |
1.18 |
(0.02) |
8.9 |
(0.6) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
59.6 |
(0.9) |
22.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
0.47 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
61.3 |
(0.7) |
30.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
0.24 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
2.1 |
(0.3) |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
69.2 |
(0.6) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
0.08 |
(0.02) |
1.10 |
(0.01) |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
64.7 |
(0.7) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
0.31 |
(0.03) |
† |
1.22 |
(0.02) |
† |
6.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
58.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
26.7 |
(1.0) |
† |
|||||||
|
Georgia |
- 0.05 |
(0.02) |
1.09 |
(0.02) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
62.4 |
(0.9) |
19.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
- 0.28 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
23.5 |
(0.7) |
65.1 |
(0.7) |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
- 0.02 |
(0.01) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
63.3 |
(0.8) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
0.24 |
(0.02) |
1.16 |
(0.01) |
11.5 |
(0.7) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
61.4 |
(0.8) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
- 0.02 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
5.5 |
(0.2) |
16.5 |
(0.4) |
64.7 |
(0.4) |
13.3 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
0.33 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
68.6 |
(0.7) |
19.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
- 0.15 |
(0.03) |
1.14 |
(0.02) |
18.0 |
(1.0) |
15.3 |
(0.9) |
48.6 |
(1.4) |
18.1 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
- 0.34 |
(0.01) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
1.0 |
(0.2) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
69.4 |
(0.8) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
- 0.22 |
(0.01) |
0.73 |
(0.01) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
34.6 |
(1.0) |
56.6 |
(0.9) |
5.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
0.09 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.5) |
66.2 |
(0.9) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
0.06 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
74.2 |
(0.6) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
0.37 |
(0.01) |
1.11 |
(0.01) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
61.3 |
(0.7) |
25.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
† |
7.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
† |
66.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
|||||||
|
North Macedonia |
0.52 |
(0.02) |
1.13 |
(0.01) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
10.0 |
(0.5) |
56.4 |
(0.7) |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
0.42 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.08 |
(0.02) |
† |
4.0 |
(0.4) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
57.4 |
(1.0) |
† |
29.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||
|
Peru |
0.27 |
(0.02) |
† |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
† |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
† |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
70.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
|||||||
|
Philippines |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
73.1 |
(0.6) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
0.07 |
(0.01) |
1.09 |
(0.01) |
8.4 |
(0.3) |
11.5 |
(0.3) |
56.9 |
(0.5) |
23.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
0.14 |
(0.02) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
2.7 |
(0.4) |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
74.4 |
(0.8) |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
- 0.30 |
(0.01) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
28.8 |
(0.6) |
58.2 |
(0.5) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
0.28 |
(0.02) |
1.16 |
(0.02) |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
58.0 |
(0.8) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
0.36 |
(0.02) |
1.15 |
(0.01) |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
56.6 |
(0.6) |
27.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
0.06 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
0.8 |
(0.1) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
76.4 |
(0.5) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
- 0.20 |
(0.01) |
0.93 |
(0.01) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
72.5 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.83 |
(0.01) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
76.9 |
(0.6) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
- 0.03 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.5) |
74.9 |
(0.7) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.31 |
(0.01) |
1.15 |
(0.01) |
4.7 |
(0.2) |
7.6 |
(0.2) |
61.7 |
(0.5) |
26.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
0.14 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
67.2 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
m |
m |
m |
m |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
10.1 |
(0.6) |
78.9 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
I feel proud that I have accomplished things |
I feel that I can handle many things at a time |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
59.2 |
(0.5) |
32.6 |
(0.5) |
3.9 |
(0.2) |
23.5 |
(0.4) |
56.7 |
(0.5) |
15.8 |
(0.4) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
47.2 |
(0.7) |
37.7 |
(0.8) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
25.1 |
(0.6) |
52.4 |
(0.7) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium (Flemish) |
1.0 |
(0.3) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
64.4 |
(0.8) |
26.7 |
(0.8) |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
33.6 |
(0.8) |
54.2 |
(0.7) |
9.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
1.4 |
(0.1) |
7.3 |
(0.3) |
56.4 |
(0.5) |
34.9 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
23.4 |
(0.4) |
52.5 |
(0.5) |
20.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
50.4 |
(0.8) |
40.6 |
(0.8) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
18.9 |
(0.7) |
55.1 |
(0.8) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
56.4 |
(0.8) |
37.0 |
(0.8) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
23.4 |
(0.8) |
56.2 |
(0.9) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
25.5 |
(0.6) |
56.3 |
(0.6) |
14.0 |
(0.4) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
28.1 |
(0.7) |
57.6 |
(0.8) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
65.2 |
(0.8) |
22.0 |
(0.7) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
19.9 |
(0.5) |
60.0 |
(0.7) |
17.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
61.6 |
(0.7) |
23.3 |
(0.7) |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
58.2 |
(0.8) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
61.6 |
(0.7) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
27.9 |
(0.7) |
55.9 |
(0.7) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
France |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
57.9 |
(0.7) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
29.0 |
(0.7) |
49.8 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
† |
51.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
30.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
† |
27.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
53.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Greece |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
57.9 |
(0.7) |
26.3 |
(0.6) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
22.7 |
(0.7) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
56.5 |
(0.6) |
34.4 |
(0.6) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
55.6 |
(0.8) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
14.0 |
(0.6) |
55.4 |
(0.9) |
27.8 |
(0.9) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
20.8 |
(0.7) |
54.5 |
(0.9) |
21.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
62.4 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
58.7 |
(0.7) |
13.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
13.9 |
(0.6) |
43.1 |
(0.7) |
39.1 |
(0.8) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
25.2 |
(0.6) |
46.5 |
(0.8) |
22.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
58.1 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
28.7 |
(0.6) |
53.8 |
(0.7) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
25.9 |
(0.6) |
51.5 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
12.5 |
(0.4) |
46.1 |
(0.7) |
34.7 |
(0.6) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
55.4 |
(0.6) |
36.0 |
(0.7) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
42.7 |
(0.8) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
59.6 |
(0.8) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
27.3 |
(0.6) |
59.0 |
(0.8) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
9.4 |
(0.4) |
45.0 |
(0.6) |
43.6 |
(0.6) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
51.1 |
(0.6) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
53.5 |
(0.7) |
29.5 |
(0.6) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
54.4 |
(0.7) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
† |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
52.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
42.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
† |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
56.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
20.8 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
10.1 |
(0.5) |
66.6 |
(1.0) |
22.1 |
(0.9) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
31.3 |
(0.8) |
55.0 |
(1.0) |
10.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
59.0 |
(0.7) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
28.1 |
(0.7) |
53.4 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
58.6 |
(0.8) |
31.0 |
(0.8) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
24.4 |
(0.6) |
59.2 |
(0.8) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
64.2 |
(0.8) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
54.9 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
59.5 |
(0.7) |
17.0 |
(0.5) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
30.4 |
(0.7) |
54.5 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
59.0 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
22.7 |
(0.7) |
60.0 |
(0.8) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
1.5 |
(0.1) |
6.0 |
(0.2) |
52.5 |
(0.4) |
40.0 |
(0.4) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
16.0 |
(0.3) |
58.0 |
(0.4) |
23.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
56.9 |
(0.8) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
57.6 |
(0.8) |
16.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.6) |
54.0 |
(0.8) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
55.7 |
(0.8) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
2.8 |
(0.3) |
6.1 |
(0.3) |
43.6 |
(0.7) |
47.6 |
(0.8) |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
17.3 |
(0.5) |
52.3 |
(0.7) |
26.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
61.9 |
(0.7) |
24.2 |
(0.6) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
28.5 |
(0.6) |
52.8 |
(0.6) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
1.1 |
(0.1) |
6.6 |
(0.4) |
56.7 |
(0.8) |
35.5 |
(0.8) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
22.9 |
(0.6) |
53.8 |
(0.7) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
2.2 |
(0.0) |
11.5 |
(0.1) |
56.4 |
(0.1) |
29.9 |
(0.1) |
3.7 |
(0.0) |
25.9 |
(0.1) |
54.3 |
(0.1) |
16.2 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
48.5 |
(0.9) |
43.8 |
(0.9) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
53.2 |
(0.6) |
24.7 |
(0.7) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
54.2 |
(0.7) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
33.0 |
(0.6) |
46.6 |
(0.8) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
† |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
49.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
† |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
† |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
52.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
57.9 |
(0.8) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
40.9 |
(0.8) |
49.2 |
(0.7) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
57.5 |
(0.7) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
57.6 |
(0.8) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
57.7 |
(0.7) |
30.4 |
(0.6) |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
37.1 |
(0.6) |
43.4 |
(0.6) |
13.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
61.7 |
(0.6) |
24.9 |
(0.5) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
38.5 |
(0.6) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
9.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
65.3 |
(0.7) |
25.2 |
(0.7) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
37.4 |
(0.9) |
48.9 |
(0.9) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
51.2 |
(0.9) |
30.7 |
(0.9) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
53.8 |
(0.8) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
43.1 |
(0.7) |
52.5 |
(0.7) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
53.2 |
(0.7) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
1.2 |
(0.1) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
55.7 |
(0.6) |
38.1 |
(0.7) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
20.6 |
(0.5) |
57.5 |
(0.6) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
54.1 |
(0.7) |
31.4 |
(0.7) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
55.6 |
(0.8) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
4.9 |
(0.4) |
† |
7.9 |
(0.6) |
† |
46.3 |
(1.1) |
† |
40.9 |
(1.3) |
† |
4.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
18.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
50.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
26.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
52.1 |
(0.8) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
26.7 |
(0.7) |
52.4 |
(0.8) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
63.9 |
(0.6) |
19.7 |
(0.7) |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
55.1 |
(0.7) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
69.2 |
(0.8) |
20.8 |
(0.7) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
27.5 |
(0.9) |
59.2 |
(0.9) |
11.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
43.5 |
(0.8) |
42.2 |
(0.9) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
51.3 |
(0.8) |
27.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
6.8 |
(0.2) |
32.7 |
(0.5) |
46.7 |
(0.4) |
13.7 |
(0.3) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
19.7 |
(0.4) |
60.2 |
(0.4) |
16.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
7.7 |
(0.5) |
57.9 |
(0.9) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
22.0 |
(0.7) |
55.7 |
(0.8) |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
5.8 |
(0.5) |
18.9 |
(0.9) |
41.2 |
(1.0) |
34.1 |
(1.1) |
8.3 |
(0.6) |
21.2 |
(0.9) |
49.0 |
(1.0) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
13.7 |
(0.5) |
60.9 |
(0.7) |
24.1 |
(0.7) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
44.5 |
(0.8) |
42.4 |
(0.9) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
66.5 |
(0.6) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
41.0 |
(0.9) |
48.1 |
(0.9) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
7.8 |
(0.5) |
52.9 |
(0.9) |
37.5 |
(0.8) |
4.1 |
(0.4) |
26.2 |
(0.8) |
50.1 |
(0.9) |
19.6 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
63.2 |
(0.8) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
26.4 |
(0.6) |
57.2 |
(0.7) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
51.4 |
(0.8) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
54.8 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
10.7 |
(0.6) |
† |
49.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
36.5 |
(1.0) |
† |
4.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
24.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
52.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
47.5 |
(0.8) |
44.5 |
(0.8) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
12.1 |
(0.6) |
55.0 |
(0.7) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
3.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
† |
46.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
45.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
4.1 |
(0.3) |
† |
21.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
50.6 |
(0.9) |
† |
23.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
† |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
† |
54.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
38.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
† |
24.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
56.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
17.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Philippines |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
7.7 |
(0.4) |
56.3 |
(0.8) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
20.7 |
(0.5) |
61.5 |
(0.7) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
9.8 |
(0.3) |
45.0 |
(0.5) |
41.6 |
(0.5) |
4.9 |
(0.2) |
20.7 |
(0.4) |
50.0 |
(0.4) |
24.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
61.1 |
(0.9) |
26.1 |
(0.8) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
28.2 |
(0.8) |
53.0 |
(0.9) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
20.1 |
(0.7) |
61.6 |
(0.8) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
3.8 |
(0.3) |
35.0 |
(0.6) |
52.1 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
3.9 |
(0.4) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
42.4 |
(0.7) |
45.1 |
(0.9) |
6.2 |
(0.4) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
47.7 |
(0.8) |
26.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
43.9 |
(0.8) |
47.1 |
(0.9) |
3.4 |
(0.2) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
51.4 |
(0.6) |
28.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
0.9 |
(0.1) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
56.1 |
(0.7) |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
5.5 |
(0.3) |
32.6 |
(0.6) |
49.3 |
(0.6) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
2.2 |
(0.1) |
12.2 |
(0.4) |
62.1 |
(0.5) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
46.2 |
(0.6) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
5.2 |
(0.4) |
61.9 |
(0.8) |
31.6 |
(1.0) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
30.4 |
(0.8) |
57.8 |
(0.8) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
61.9 |
(0.7) |
26.1 |
(0.8) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
37.4 |
(0.7) |
46.3 |
(0.6) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
2.8 |
(0.2) |
8.6 |
(0.3) |
46.2 |
(0.5) |
42.4 |
(0.5) |
3.9 |
(0.2) |
19.6 |
(0.4) |
50.0 |
(0.5) |
26.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
55.3 |
(0.8) |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
3.9 |
(0.4) |
22.8 |
(0.7) |
54.9 |
(0.7) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
64.2 |
(1.1) |
29.0 |
(1.1) |
5.5 |
(0.5) |
64.3 |
(0.9) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
My belief in myself gets me through hard times |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
My belief in myself gets me through hard times |
When I’m in a difficult situation, I can usually find my way out of it |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
26.1 |
(0.4) |
50.1 |
(0.5) |
16.8 |
(0.4) |
2.6 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
64.7 |
(0.5) |
21.2 |
(0.5) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
6.5 |
(0.3) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
44.7 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.8) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
55.9 |
(0.7) |
27.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium (Flemish) |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
32.7 |
(0.8) |
46.0 |
(0.9) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
2.5 |
(0.4) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
68.8 |
(0.7) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
6.1 |
(0.2) |
23.3 |
(0.4) |
50.3 |
(0.5) |
20.3 |
(0.4) |
2.0 |
(0.1) |
10.6 |
(0.3) |
61.9 |
(0.5) |
25.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
18.4 |
(0.5) |
44.6 |
(0.6) |
30.7 |
(0.6) |
3.4 |
(0.3) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
54.1 |
(0.7) |
30.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
55.4 |
(0.9) |
35.4 |
(0.8) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
8.1 |
(0.5) |
60.7 |
(0.7) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
8.0 |
(0.3) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
48.7 |
(0.7) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
15.6 |
(0.5) |
66.8 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
4.9 |
(0.3) |
23.8 |
(0.6) |
52.7 |
(0.7) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
65.7 |
(0.7) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
5.8 |
(0.4) |
22.7 |
(0.7) |
53.5 |
(0.8) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
66.6 |
(0.7) |
19.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
24.1 |
(0.6) |
56.4 |
(0.7) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
66.4 |
(0.7) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
France |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
27.7 |
(0.6) |
40.0 |
(0.8) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
4.0 |
(0.3) |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
55.4 |
(0.7) |
20.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
6.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
44.9 |
(0.9) |
† |
23.4 |
(0.7) |
† |
2.5 |
(0.3) |
† |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
58.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
26.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Greece |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
53.7 |
(0.6) |
24.8 |
(0.6) |
2.3 |
(0.2) |
11.8 |
(0.5) |
64.4 |
(0.7) |
21.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
55.0 |
(0.7) |
25.4 |
(0.6) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
8.2 |
(0.3) |
62.5 |
(0.8) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
24.2 |
(0.8) |
47.8 |
(1.0) |
21.5 |
(0.8) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
60.0 |
(0.8) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
27.9 |
(0.6) |
50.6 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
2.0 |
(0.2) |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
66.6 |
(0.7) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
45.1 |
(0.7) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
54.8 |
(0.7) |
29.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
20.1 |
(0.5) |
48.6 |
(0.8) |
23.4 |
(0.7) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
59.6 |
(0.7) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
34.7 |
(0.6) |
44.0 |
(0.7) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
35.1 |
(0.6) |
48.6 |
(0.7) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
3.3 |
(0.2) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
56.6 |
(0.7) |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
62.0 |
(0.7) |
18.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
4.8 |
(0.3) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
56.6 |
(0.7) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
66.7 |
(0.8) |
17.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
49.0 |
(0.7) |
32.1 |
(0.6) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
57.7 |
(0.7) |
27.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
47.1 |
(0.8) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
3.9 |
(0.3) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
56.2 |
(0.8) |
24.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
† |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
53.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
32.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.5) |
† |
56.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
Netherlands* |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
25.8 |
(0.8) |
55.4 |
(0.9) |
13.7 |
(0.7) |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
70.0 |
(0.9) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
50.8 |
(0.7) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
12.5 |
(0.4) |
64.9 |
(0.8) |
20.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
25.0 |
(0.6) |
52.8 |
(0.7) |
15.8 |
(0.6) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
66.5 |
(0.7) |
16.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
22.0 |
(0.6) |
51.8 |
(0.8) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
12.8 |
(0.6) |
67.2 |
(0.6) |
17.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
7.1 |
(0.4) |
27.0 |
(0.7) |
50.7 |
(0.8) |
15.2 |
(0.6) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
62.7 |
(0.7) |
16.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
58.5 |
(0.8) |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
65.4 |
(0.6) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
5.7 |
(0.2) |
21.0 |
(0.3) |
48.3 |
(0.4) |
25.1 |
(0.4) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
13.3 |
(0.3) |
58.7 |
(0.4) |
25.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
7.4 |
(0.5) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
48.8 |
(0.8) |
16.8 |
(0.7) |
2.9 |
(0.3) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
61.4 |
(0.8) |
21.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
22.8 |
(0.8) |
48.6 |
(0.9) |
22.7 |
(0.6) |
2.4 |
(0.3) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
61.8 |
(0.9) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
51.5 |
(0.6) |
32.7 |
(0.6) |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
53.7 |
(0.6) |
31.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
44.4 |
(0.7) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
3.5 |
(0.3) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
62.2 |
(0.6) |
18.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
52.7 |
(0.8) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
10.6 |
(0.4) |
61.5 |
(0.7) |
26.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
6.1 |
(0.1) |
22.5 |
(0.1) |
50.2 |
(0.1) |
21.2 |
(0.1) |
2.7 |
(0.0) |
13.4 |
(0.1) |
61.6 |
(0.1) |
22.3 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
6.1 |
(0.4) |
43.8 |
(0.9) |
48.5 |
(0.8) |
1.0 |
(0.1) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
54.0 |
(0.7) |
41.3 |
(0.8) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
6.3 |
(0.3) |
15.5 |
(0.4) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
5.3 |
(0.3) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
53.6 |
(0.8) |
28.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
5.3 |
(0.4) |
† |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
† |
52.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
31.6 |
(0.8) |
† |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
† |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
54.4 |
(0.9) |
† |
31.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Belarus |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
63.4 |
(0.7) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
70.5 |
(0.7) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
3.3 |
(0.3) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
56.3 |
(0.7) |
30.3 |
(0.7) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
58.6 |
(0.6) |
28.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
55.0 |
(0.6) |
19.7 |
(0.5) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
58.8 |
(0.7) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
3.0 |
(0.2) |
20.3 |
(0.5) |
58.7 |
(0.6) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
18.5 |
(0.4) |
59.4 |
(0.6) |
18.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
1.5 |
(0.2) |
17.3 |
(0.5) |
63.4 |
(0.8) |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
60.5 |
(0.8) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
6.1 |
(0.5) |
16.4 |
(0.7) |
53.0 |
(1.0) |
24.5 |
(0.7) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
56.9 |
(0.9) |
26.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
47.1 |
(0.6) |
37.2 |
(0.7) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
53.7 |
(0.8) |
34.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
3.5 |
(0.2) |
14.0 |
(0.5) |
54.6 |
(0.7) |
27.9 |
(0.6) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
64.0 |
(0.5) |
24.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
5.6 |
(0.3) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
50.8 |
(0.7) |
26.5 |
(0.6) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
58.6 |
(0.8) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
5.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
45.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
37.9 |
(1.0) |
† |
4.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
53.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
33.2 |
(1.0) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
54.9 |
(0.8) |
28.6 |
(0.7) |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
13.6 |
(0.7) |
59.6 |
(0.9) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
3.7 |
(0.3) |
24.6 |
(0.7) |
60.2 |
(0.8) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
2.7 |
(0.2) |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
61.3 |
(0.6) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
65.9 |
(0.8) |
24.7 |
(0.7) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
69.3 |
(0.9) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
43.6 |
(0.7) |
43.1 |
(0.8) |
6.5 |
(0.4) |
13.8 |
(0.6) |
48.8 |
(0.8) |
30.9 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
3.6 |
(0.2) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
62.0 |
(0.5) |
23.2 |
(0.4) |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
9.0 |
(0.2) |
65.0 |
(0.4) |
22.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
7.2 |
(0.5) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
42.9 |
(0.7) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
58.7 |
(0.7) |
33.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
7.4 |
(0.6) |
22.4 |
(0.9) |
42.2 |
(0.9) |
28.0 |
(0.9) |
10.7 |
(0.7) |
16.8 |
(0.8) |
47.0 |
(1.1) |
25.5 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
4.3 |
(0.3) |
30.3 |
(0.8) |
53.2 |
(0.8) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
2.5 |
(0.2) |
25.8 |
(0.7) |
59.7 |
(0.8) |
12.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
63.4 |
(0.7) |
17.0 |
(0.6) |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
66.8 |
(0.6) |
13.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
5.5 |
(0.4) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
51.2 |
(0.8) |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
3.0 |
(0.3) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
61.0 |
(0.9) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.5) |
57.6 |
(0.7) |
28.6 |
(0.7) |
1.7 |
(0.2) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
62.3 |
(0.8) |
25.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
50.0 |
(0.7) |
34.1 |
(0.6) |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
56.1 |
(0.6) |
34.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
4.6 |
(0.4) |
† |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
52.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
27.7 |
(0.8) |
† |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
† |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
† |
56.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
24.3 |
(0.7) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
47.0 |
(0.8) |
40.6 |
(0.8) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
52.6 |
(0.8) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
3.7 |
(0.4) |
† |
9.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
44.5 |
(0.9) |
† |
42.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
† |
8.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
50.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
38.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
1.8 |
(0.2) |
† |
10.4 |
(0.5) |
† |
56.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
31.4 |
(0.8) |
† |
1.4 |
(0.2) |
† |
8.3 |
(0.5) |
† |
60.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
30.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Philippines |
3.1 |
(0.2) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
64.6 |
(0.6) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
62.7 |
(0.6) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
7.2 |
(0.3) |
23.4 |
(0.4) |
46.1 |
(0.4) |
23.3 |
(0.3) |
4.8 |
(0.2) |
13.4 |
(0.3) |
53.9 |
(0.4) |
27.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
2.7 |
(0.3) |
11.9 |
(0.6) |
55.8 |
(0.8) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
2.3 |
(0.3) |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
60.5 |
(0.8) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
5.0 |
(0.3) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
59.0 |
(0.9) |
16.2 |
(0.4) |
3.2 |
(0.3) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
65.0 |
(0.6) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
5.1 |
(0.4) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
40.2 |
(0.7) |
46.2 |
(0.8) |
7.1 |
(0.5) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
50.7 |
(0.7) |
29.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
47.2 |
(0.7) |
34.3 |
(0.6) |
3.1 |
(0.3) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
56.4 |
(0.8) |
31.3 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
18.7 |
(0.5) |
55.3 |
(0.6) |
21.3 |
(0.5) |
2.2 |
(0.2) |
12.1 |
(0.4) |
64.2 |
(0.7) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
4.0 |
(0.2) |
23.1 |
(0.6) |
58.3 |
(0.7) |
14.5 |
(0.4) |
2.4 |
(0.2) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
65.7 |
(0.6) |
13.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
1.2 |
(0.2) |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
69.9 |
(0.7) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
1.3 |
(0.2) |
12.7 |
(0.6) |
70.7 |
(0.7) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
3.2 |
(0.2) |
16.3 |
(0.5) |
58.3 |
(0.7) |
22.1 |
(0.7) |
2.1 |
(0.2) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
63.8 |
(0.6) |
22.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
3.8 |
(0.2) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
48.1 |
(0.5) |
34.2 |
(0.5) |
3.2 |
(0.1) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
53.6 |
(0.4) |
31.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
6.3 |
(0.5) |
17.9 |
(0.7) |
48.8 |
(0.8) |
27.0 |
(0.7) |
3.6 |
(0.3) |
11.1 |
(0.5) |
57.5 |
(0.8) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
1.6 |
(0.2) |
8.8 |
(0.5) |
67.7 |
(0.7) |
21.9 |
(0.8) |
1.9 |
(0.2) |
19.1 |
(0.6) |
64.9 |
(0.8) |
14.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covere one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage informatio corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.13.2. Students' fear of failure
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Index of fear of failure1 |
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average |
Variability |
When I am failing, I worry about what others think of me |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Mean index |
S.E. |
S.D. |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
0.23 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
11.8 |
(0.3) |
26.6 |
(0.5) |
41.4 |
(0.5) |
20.2 |
(0.4) |
||||||||||||
|
Austria |
- 0.26 |
(0.01) |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
29.6 |
(0.6) |
33.6 |
(0.6) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Belgium (Flemish) |
- 0.19 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
37.0 |
(0.7) |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Canada |
0.27 |
(0.01) |
1.04 |
(0.01) |
13.5 |
(0.4) |
24.7 |
(0.4) |
39.6 |
(0.6) |
22.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chile |
0.08 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
28.4 |
(0.6) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Colombia |
- 0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
10.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
- 0.05 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
29.2 |
(0.7) |
44.4 |
(0.8) |
14.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Denmark |
- 0.02 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
31.0 |
(0.7) |
44.2 |
(0.8) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Estonia |
- 0.17 |
(0.01) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
14.7 |
(0.6) |
38.9 |
(0.8) |
36.6 |
(0.7) |
9.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Finland |
- 0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
38.3 |
(0.7) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
France |
0.06 |
(0.01) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
16.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Germany |
- 0.37 |
(0.02) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
20.1 |
(0.8) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
33.0 |
(0.7) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Greece |
- 0.09 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
13.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hungary |
- 0.10 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
39.9 |
(0.8) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Iceland |
0.00 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
23.9 |
(0.9) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
19.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ireland |
0.21 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
26.4 |
(0.6) |
43.5 |
(0.7) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Italy |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
16.3 |
(0.5) |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
40.8 |
(0.7) |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Japan |
0.38 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
47.6 |
(0.7) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Korea |
0.19 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
7.0 |
(0.3) |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
52.1 |
(0.7) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Latvia |
- 0.10 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
33.3 |
(0.6) |
42.7 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lithuania |
- 0.07 |
(0.01) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
21.4 |
(0.6) |
40.1 |
(0.6) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
- 0.14 |
(0.02) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
27.3 |
(0.6) |
33.4 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Mexico |
0.06 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
30.2 |
(0.8) |
39.4 |
(0.7) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
- 0.39 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
18.8 |
(0.7) |
36.3 |
(0.8) |
34.4 |
(0.8) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
New Zealand |
0.25 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
24.4 |
(0.6) |
42.1 |
(0.6) |
22.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||||||
|
Poland |
0.01 |
(0.02) |
0.91 |
(0.01) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Portugal* |
- 0.01 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
29.4 |
(0.6) |
40.6 |
(0.8) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
0.01 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
46.1 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Slovenia |
0.00 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
25.5 |
(0.8) |
48.0 |
(0.8) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Spain |
- 0.12 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
20.0 |
(0.4) |
29.3 |
(0.4) |
35.7 |
(0.4) |
15.0 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Sweden |
0.00 |
(0.01) |
1.02 |
(0.01) |
14.6 |
(0.5) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
37.7 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Switzerland |
- 0.28 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
24.6 |
(0.8) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
30.8 |
(0.8) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Turkey |
0.12 |
(0.01) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
14.5 |
(0.4) |
19.1 |
(0.5) |
42.7 |
(0.6) |
23.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
0.27 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
24.9 |
(0.6) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
United States* |
0.17 |
(0.02) |
1.08 |
(0.01) |
15.7 |
(0.6) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
36.8 |
(0.7) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
OECD average |
- 0.01 |
(0.00) |
0.98 |
(0.00) |
15.1 |
(0.1) |
28.5 |
(0.1) |
39.8 |
(0.1) |
16.6 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
- 0.24 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
29.9 |
(0.7) |
38.2 |
(0.8) |
13.5 |
(0.6) |
||||||||||||
|
Argentina |
- 0.10 |
(0.01) |
1.00 |
(0.01) |
26.4 |
(0.7) |
32.3 |
(0.6) |
29.0 |
(0.6) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.07 |
(0.01) |
† |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
42.2 |
(0.8) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||
|
Belarus |
- 0.13 |
(0.01) |
0.79 |
(0.01) |
11.8 |
(0.4) |
38.8 |
(0.6) |
41.4 |
(0.7) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
- 0.37 |
(0.02) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
25.8 |
(0.6) |
35.2 |
(0.7) |
30.7 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brazil |
0.04 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
27.0 |
(0.5) |
38.4 |
(0.6) |
16.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
0.41 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
45.1 |
(0.7) |
28.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
0.00 |
(0.01) |
0.86 |
(0.01) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
58.3 |
(0.8) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
- 0.13 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
40.2 |
(0.8) |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
- 0.23 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
21.1 |
(0.6) |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Croatia |
- 0.22 |
(0.01) |
0.95 |
(0.01) |
17.9 |
(0.5) |
34.9 |
(0.7) |
37.3 |
(0.6) |
9.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Cyprus |
- 0.21 |
(0.01) |
0.98 |
(0.01) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
34.9 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
- 0.01 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.05 |
(0.01) |
† |
17.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
22.7 |
(0.7) |
† |
39.8 |
(1.0) |
† |
20.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
|||||||
|
Georgia |
- 0.32 |
(0.02) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
21.6 |
(0.7) |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
39.8 |
(0.8) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
0.39 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
4.3 |
(0.4) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
55.8 |
(0.7) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Indonesia |
- 0.19 |
(0.02) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
29.5 |
(0.8) |
46.0 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Jordan |
- 0.21 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
27.8 |
(0.7) |
31.1 |
(0.6) |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
- 0.33 |
(0.01) |
0.85 |
(0.01) |
16.5 |
(0.4) |
39.0 |
(0.4) |
36.5 |
(0.4) |
8.0 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||||||
|
Kosovo |
- 0.07 |
(0.01) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
27.9 |
(0.7) |
41.8 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Lebanon |
- 0.20 |
(0.02) |
0.92 |
(0.01) |
32.1 |
(0.9) |
26.6 |
(0.8) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
14.0 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
0.44 |
(0.01) |
0.87 |
(0.01) |
4.6 |
(0.3) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
53.4 |
(0.9) |
26.7 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malaysia |
0.34 |
(0.01) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
6.0 |
(0.4) |
19.0 |
(0.4) |
49.4 |
(0.7) |
25.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Malta |
0.24 |
(0.02) |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
25.6 |
(0.8) |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Moldova |
- 0.04 |
(0.01) |
0.82 |
(0.01) |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
51.7 |
(0.7) |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Montenegro |
- 0.42 |
(0.01) |
0.96 |
(0.01) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
31.4 |
(0.6) |
29.0 |
(0.5) |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Morocco |
- 0.15 |
(0.01) |
† |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
† |
26.2 |
(0.7) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||
|
North Macedonia |
- 0.11 |
(0.02) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
20.2 |
(0.6) |
28.8 |
(0.7) |
35.8 |
(0.8) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Panama |
- 0.06 |
(0.02) |
† |
1.01 |
(0.01) |
† |
20.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
27.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
35.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
17.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
|||||||
|
Peru |
- 0.20 |
(0.01) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
39.0 |
(0.6) |
10.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Philippines |
0.15 |
(0.02) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
7.6 |
(0.4) |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
52.7 |
(0.8) |
19.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||||||
|
Qatar |
- 0.05 |
(0.01) |
1.06 |
(0.01) |
22.6 |
(0.4) |
27.0 |
(0.4) |
34.2 |
(0.4) |
16.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Romania |
- 0.27 |
(0.01) |
0.89 |
(0.01) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
33.7 |
(0.8) |
36.2 |
(0.7) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Russia |
- 0.16 |
(0.01) |
0.88 |
(0.01) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.7) |
42.1 |
(0.6) |
10.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
- 0.33 |
(0.02) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
25.9 |
(0.7) |
27.4 |
(0.6) |
31.8 |
(0.7) |
15.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Serbia |
- 0.31 |
(0.01) |
0.94 |
(0.01) |
23.8 |
(0.6) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
32.2 |
(0.8) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Singapore |
0.50 |
(0.01) |
0.99 |
(0.01) |
8.1 |
(0.3) |
20.1 |
(0.5) |
43.9 |
(0.6) |
27.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
0.67 |
(0.01) |
0.90 |
(0.01) |
2.9 |
(0.2) |
8.6 |
(0.3) |
52.4 |
(0.6) |
36.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||||||
|
Thailand |
0.16 |
(0.01) |
0.84 |
(0.01) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
26.9 |
(0.6) |
54.1 |
(0.8) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
Ukraine |
- 0.22 |
(0.01) |
0.76 |
(0.01) |
13.1 |
(0.6) |
36.4 |
(0.6) |
42.1 |
(0.7) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
0.07 |
(0.01) |
1.03 |
(0.01) |
18.7 |
(0.4) |
26.2 |
(0.4) |
37.5 |
(0.5) |
17.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||||||
|
Uruguay |
- 0.08 |
(0.01) |
0.97 |
(0.01) |
23.4 |
(0.7) |
30.3 |
(0.8) |
33.5 |
(0.8) |
12.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
- 0.02 |
(0.02) |
0.78 |
(0.01) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
26.8 |
(0.8) |
54.2 |
(0.8) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported the following: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
When I am failing, I am afraid that I might not have enough talent |
When I am failing, this makes me doubt my plans for the future |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
9.6 |
(0.3) |
26.6 |
(0.5) |
42.4 |
(0.5) |
21.3 |
(0.4) |
9.5 |
(0.3) |
22.6 |
(0.5) |
40.7 |
(0.4) |
27.2 |
(0.4) |
||||||||
|
Austria |
23.1 |
(0.6) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.4) |
28.9 |
(0.6) |
30.3 |
(0.6) |
26.8 |
(0.7) |
14.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Belgium (Flemish) |
15.4 |
(0.6) |
40.3 |
(0.9) |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
9.5 |
(0.6) |
13.2 |
(0.6) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
39.3 |
(0.8) |
13.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Canada |
10.8 |
(0.3) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
40.9 |
(0.5) |
24.5 |
(0.4) |
10.9 |
(0.3) |
20.7 |
(0.5) |
37.3 |
(0.4) |
31.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Chile |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
24.3 |
(0.5) |
43.1 |
(0.7) |
20.5 |
(0.6) |
17.2 |
(0.5) |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
35.3 |
(0.6) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Colombia |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
34.0 |
(0.8) |
39.5 |
(0.7) |
11.3 |
(0.4) |
20.5 |
(0.7) |
36.0 |
(0.9) |
31.8 |
(0.8) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Czech Republic |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
36.8 |
(0.7) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
32.0 |
(0.7) |
38.9 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Denmark |
9.7 |
(0.4) |
32.5 |
(0.7) |
44.0 |
(0.9) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
37.1 |
(0.8) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Estonia |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
38.5 |
(0.8) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
38.7 |
(0.8) |
33.1 |
(0.8) |
12.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Finland |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
40.4 |
(0.7) |
33.2 |
(0.6) |
11.7 |
(0.4) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
41.1 |
(0.7) |
29.5 |
(0.5) |
11.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
France |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
40.5 |
(0.6) |
21.3 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
22.3 |
(0.6) |
36.5 |
(0.6) |
25.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Germany |
27.0 |
(0.7) |
35.3 |
(0.8) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
11.0 |
(0.5) |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
33.4 |
(0.9) |
24.9 |
(0.7) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Greece |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
32.4 |
(0.5) |
40.3 |
(0.7) |
13.2 |
(0.4) |
17.6 |
(0.5) |
32.3 |
(0.6) |
35.2 |
(0.6) |
14.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Hungary |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
33.6 |
(0.8) |
36.4 |
(0.8) |
14.6 |
(0.6) |
18.5 |
(0.6) |
34.1 |
(0.8) |
31.9 |
(0.6) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Iceland |
15.2 |
(0.7) |
31.0 |
(0.8) |
37.2 |
(0.8) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
17.9 |
(0.6) |
31.7 |
(0.9) |
33.0 |
(0.9) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Ireland |
9.3 |
(0.4) |
28.0 |
(0.7) |
43.0 |
(0.6) |
19.6 |
(0.5) |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
25.3 |
(0.6) |
40.2 |
(0.6) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Israel |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Italy |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
28.7 |
(0.7) |
41.6 |
(0.7) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
28.2 |
(0.6) |
37.9 |
(0.7) |
19.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Japan |
7.2 |
(0.4) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
46.5 |
(0.7) |
27.5 |
(0.6) |
11.0 |
(0.4) |
28.1 |
(0.7) |
39.2 |
(0.7) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Korea |
9.8 |
(0.4) |
23.8 |
(0.5) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
19.3 |
(0.6) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
32.3 |
(0.6) |
37.5 |
(0.7) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Latvia |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
38.2 |
(0.8) |
38.2 |
(0.7) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
36.5 |
(0.8) |
35.9 |
(0.6) |
13.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Lithuania |
18.0 |
(0.5) |
29.3 |
(0.7) |
37.4 |
(0.7) |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
23.3 |
(0.6) |
26.8 |
(0.6) |
32.5 |
(0.7) |
17.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Luxembourg |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
33.0 |
(0.6) |
16.0 |
(0.6) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
25.9 |
(0.6) |
34.7 |
(0.7) |
19.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Mexico |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
45.3 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.5) |
15.5 |
(0.6) |
27.3 |
(0.6) |
38.5 |
(0.6) |
18.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Netherlands* |
21.4 |
(0.8) |
43.2 |
(0.9) |
27.4 |
(0.7) |
8.0 |
(0.4) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
41.9 |
(1.0) |
27.1 |
(0.7) |
8.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
New Zealand |
10.3 |
(0.5) |
27.2 |
(0.6) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
21.3 |
(0.5) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
22.9 |
(0.7) |
38.5 |
(0.7) |
29.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||||
|
Poland |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
32.7 |
(0.7) |
43.5 |
(0.7) |
13.6 |
(0.6) |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
30.8 |
(0.7) |
40.7 |
(0.7) |
17.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Portugal* |
12.8 |
(0.5) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
41.5 |
(0.7) |
14.5 |
(0.5) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
30.6 |
(0.9) |
36.3 |
(0.8) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovak Republic |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
47.5 |
(0.7) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
33.9 |
(0.7) |
39.4 |
(0.8) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Slovenia |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
33.1 |
(0.7) |
40.4 |
(0.7) |
14.4 |
(0.5) |
14.3 |
(0.5) |
32.0 |
(0.7) |
37.9 |
(0.9) |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Spain |
16.4 |
(0.3) |
30.8 |
(0.4) |
37.3 |
(0.5) |
15.6 |
(0.3) |
19.9 |
(0.4) |
32.1 |
(0.3) |
31.4 |
(0.4) |
16.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Sweden |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
29.6 |
(0.8) |
38.7 |
(0.7) |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
15.2 |
(0.5) |
32.3 |
(0.7) |
33.8 |
(0.7) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Switzerland |
23.0 |
(0.7) |
33.1 |
(0.8) |
30.9 |
(0.7) |
13.0 |
(0.5) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
30.1 |
(0.7) |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Turkey |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
28.3 |
(0.5) |
38.2 |
(0.6) |
18.5 |
(0.5) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
21.7 |
(0.5) |
41.0 |
(0.6) |
23.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United Kingdom |
10.2 |
(0.4) |
26.6 |
(0.5) |
40.2 |
(0.6) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
9.3 |
(0.3) |
20.3 |
(0.5) |
38.4 |
(0.6) |
32.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
United States* |
13.7 |
(0.6) |
26.0 |
(0.7) |
37.8 |
(0.7) |
22.6 |
(0.8) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
22.8 |
(0.6) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
28.1 |
(0.9) |
|||||||||
|
OECD average |
14.0 |
(0.1) |
30.9 |
(0.1) |
38.9 |
(0.1) |
16.2 |
(0.1) |
16.1 |
(0.1) |
30.1 |
(0.1) |
35.3 |
(0.1) |
18.5 |
(0.1) |
|||||||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
20.8 |
(0.6) |
34.7 |
(0.7) |
33.7 |
(0.7) |
10.8 |
(0.5) |
22.5 |
(0.7) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
31.6 |
(0.7) |
14.2 |
(0.5) |
||||||||
|
Argentina |
15.5 |
(0.5) |
27.8 |
(0.6) |
39.5 |
(0.6) |
17.1 |
(0.5) |
20.4 |
(0.5) |
28.6 |
(0.6) |
30.8 |
(0.6) |
20.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
26.7 |
(0.6) |
37.8 |
(0.7) |
18.6 |
(0.5) |
18.4 |
(0.6) |
23.8 |
(0.7) |
38.1 |
(0.8) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Belarus |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
38.1 |
(0.7) |
46.0 |
(0.7) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
40.4 |
(0.8) |
39.5 |
(0.6) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
21.0 |
(0.5) |
39.5 |
(0.7) |
31.8 |
(0.7) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
31.9 |
(0.7) |
34.6 |
(0.6) |
11.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brazil |
13.1 |
(0.4) |
28.0 |
(0.6) |
40.6 |
(0.5) |
18.3 |
(0.5) |
16.0 |
(0.5) |
27.2 |
(0.5) |
37.1 |
(0.6) |
19.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
8.6 |
(0.4) |
21.5 |
(0.6) |
43.5 |
(0.6) |
26.4 |
(0.5) |
8.5 |
(0.4) |
18.6 |
(0.5) |
39.3 |
(0.6) |
33.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
11.7 |
(0.5) |
34.9 |
(0.6) |
42.9 |
(0.6) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
35.5 |
(0.6) |
40.4 |
(0.6) |
10.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Bulgaria |
16.9 |
(0.5) |
32.4 |
(0.7) |
37.4 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
20.0 |
(0.7) |
29.2 |
(0.8) |
35.8 |
(0.8) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Costa Rica |
19.2 |
(0.5) |
32.8 |
(0.6) |
33.9 |
(0.6) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
25.8 |
(0.6) |
32.7 |
(0.5) |
27.4 |
(0.6) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Croatia |
16.3 |
(0.5) |
36.8 |
(0.8) |
36.9 |
(0.7) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
19.3 |
(0.5) |
34.4 |
(0.7) |
34.0 |
(0.7) |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Cyprus |
18.3 |
(0.6) |
35.5 |
(0.8) |
34.1 |
(0.6) |
12.2 |
(0.5) |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
31.7 |
(0.7) |
33.4 |
(0.7) |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Dominican Republic |
16.3 |
(0.8) |
† |
28.0 |
(0.9) |
† |
36.7 |
(0.9) |
† |
19.0 |
(0.7) |
† |
21.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
28.5 |
(0.8) |
† |
32.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
18.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
18.1 |
(0.6) |
38.0 |
(0.8) |
36.9 |
(0.8) |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
37.8 |
(0.8) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
50.1 |
(0.6) |
21.0 |
(0.6) |
5.9 |
(0.4) |
21.8 |
(0.7) |
50.1 |
(0.7) |
22.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Indonesia |
13.3 |
(0.6) |
40.8 |
(0.9) |
36.5 |
(0.8) |
9.5 |
(0.5) |
18.6 |
(0.7) |
42.7 |
(1.1) |
30.0 |
(0.9) |
8.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Jordan |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
32.8 |
(0.6) |
13.6 |
(0.5) |
24.6 |
(0.6) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
31.1 |
(0.8) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Kazakhstan |
14.6 |
(0.4) |
42.4 |
(0.5) |
36.4 |
(0.5) |
6.7 |
(0.2) |
19.6 |
(0.4) |
46.0 |
(0.4) |
27.6 |
(0.4) |
6.8 |
(0.2) |
|||||||||
|
Kosovo |
14.9 |
(0.5) |
30.0 |
(0.7) |
43.7 |
(0.8) |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
15.0 |
(0.6) |
24.2 |
(0.7) |
43.3 |
(0.8) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Lebanon |
17.2 |
(0.7) |
35.4 |
(0.9) |
33.8 |
(0.9) |
13.7 |
(0.7) |
18.3 |
(0.7) |
28.3 |
(0.9) |
36.7 |
(0.9) |
16.6 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Macao (China) |
4.4 |
(0.3) |
17.4 |
(0.7) |
52.5 |
(0.9) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
6.8 |
(0.4) |
27.0 |
(0.8) |
43.8 |
(0.9) |
22.4 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Malaysia |
6.0 |
(0.3) |
24.9 |
(0.5) |
48.1 |
(0.6) |
21.0 |
(0.7) |
8.4 |
(0.4) |
24.5 |
(0.5) |
43.2 |
(0.7) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
|||||||||
|
Malta |
11.5 |
(0.5) |
23.9 |
(0.7) |
42.1 |
(0.9) |
22.6 |
(0.8) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
18.2 |
(0.6) |
40.5 |
(0.8) |
31.7 |
(0.8) |
|||||||||
|
Moldova |
8.9 |
(0.4) |
35.7 |
(0.7) |
45.9 |
(0.8) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
13.9 |
(0.4) |
36.6 |
(0.7) |
38.7 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Montenegro |
23.6 |
(0.6) |
37.2 |
(0.5) |
31.3 |
(0.6) |
7.9 |
(0.4) |
26.8 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.6) |
29.1 |
(0.6) |
11.1 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Morocco |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
† |
28.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
40.1 |
(0.7) |
† |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
† |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
† |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
36.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
† |
|
|
North Macedonia |
16.8 |
(0.5) |
35.2 |
(0.7) |
34.2 |
(0.7) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
29.3 |
(0.7) |
37.1 |
(0.8) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Panama |
15.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
28.1 |
(0.9) |
† |
39.3 |
(0.9) |
† |
16.8 |
(0.7) |
† |
21.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
29.2 |
(0.8) |
† |
30.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
19.0 |
(0.8) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
13.9 |
(0.5) |
36.8 |
(0.7) |
38.6 |
(0.8) |
10.7 |
(0.4) |
20.0 |
(0.6) |
37.9 |
(0.8) |
31.5 |
(0.7) |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Philippines |
9.1 |
(0.4) |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
44.7 |
(0.7) |
15.6 |
(0.7) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
26.3 |
(0.6) |
45.9 |
(0.7) |
17.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Qatar |
18.2 |
(0.3) |
28.4 |
(0.4) |
36.3 |
(0.5) |
17.2 |
(0.3) |
18.5 |
(0.4) |
23.2 |
(0.4) |
34.8 |
(0.4) |
23.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Romania |
15.1 |
(0.6) |
37.3 |
(0.8) |
38.6 |
(0.7) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
23.2 |
(0.7) |
35.7 |
(0.8) |
30.6 |
(0.7) |
10.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Russia |
12.6 |
(0.4) |
38.9 |
(0.8) |
39.3 |
(0.8) |
9.2 |
(0.3) |
14.8 |
(0.5) |
36.2 |
(0.8) |
38.3 |
(0.8) |
10.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
25.5 |
(0.6) |
31.2 |
(0.7) |
30.6 |
(0.6) |
12.7 |
(0.5) |
31.4 |
(0.7) |
27.6 |
(0.7) |
26.5 |
(0.7) |
14.5 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Serbia |
20.0 |
(0.5) |
38.6 |
(0.6) |
32.6 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.5) |
20.4 |
(0.5) |
31.5 |
(0.7) |
35.0 |
(0.6) |
13.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Singapore |
8.1 |
(0.3) |
18.8 |
(0.4) |
41.8 |
(0.6) |
31.3 |
(0.5) |
6.7 |
(0.3) |
15.8 |
(0.4) |
40.5 |
(0.6) |
37.0 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
3.7 |
(0.2) |
12.3 |
(0.4) |
50.5 |
(0.6) |
33.5 |
(0.7) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
18.1 |
(0.5) |
47.8 |
(0.7) |
28.9 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
Thailand |
6.4 |
(0.4) |
25.4 |
(0.5) |
54.4 |
(0.6) |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
27.1 |
(0.6) |
50.5 |
(0.7) |
13.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
Ukraine |
10.4 |
(0.4) |
40.1 |
(0.7) |
43.3 |
(0.7) |
6.2 |
(0.3) |
17.1 |
(0.6) |
43.7 |
(0.7) |
31.4 |
(0.7) |
7.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
15.4 |
(0.5) |
26.8 |
(0.4) |
39.3 |
(0.4) |
18.6 |
(0.4) |
14.4 |
(0.4) |
21.3 |
(0.4) |
38.3 |
(0.3) |
25.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Uruguay |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
27.9 |
(0.8) |
42.6 |
(0.7) |
14.7 |
(0.5) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
27.7 |
(0.7) |
36.6 |
(0.6) |
17.8 |
(0.5) |
|||||||||
|
Viet Nam |
8.3 |
(0.6) |
38.3 |
(0.9) |
44.5 |
(0.9) |
8.9 |
(0.5) |
10.6 |
(0.6) |
36.9 |
(1.0) |
41.4 |
(1.0) |
11.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
← 1. Higher values in the index indicate a greater fear of failure. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Table III.B1.14.1. Growth mindset
|
|||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Based on students’ reports
|
|||||||||||||
|
Percentage of students who reported that "your intelligence is something about you that you can’t change very much" |
|||||||||||||
|
Strongly disagree |
Disagree |
Agree |
Strongly agree |
||||||||||
|
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
% |
S.E. |
||||||
|
OECD |
Australia |
25.3 |
(0.4) |
42.5 |
(0.5) |
25.4 |
(0.5) |
6.8 |
(0.3) |
||||
|
Austria |
32.1 |
(0.7) |
39.9 |
(0.7) |
20.6 |
(0.6) |
7.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Belgium (Flemish) |
10.6 |
(0.5) |
45.7 |
(0.7) |
36.4 |
(0.7) |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Canada |
25.0 |
(0.4) |
42.6 |
(0.5) |
23.5 |
(0.5) |
8.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Chile |
29.2 |
(0.7) |
31.1 |
(0.7) |
26.3 |
(0.7) |
13.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Colombia |
28.0 |
(0.9) |
33.4 |
(0.8) |
26.9 |
(0.9) |
11.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Czech Republic |
11.2 |
(0.4) |
41.2 |
(0.7) |
38.5 |
(0.7) |
9.2 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Denmark |
27.1 |
(0.6) |
47.9 |
(0.7) |
20.3 |
(0.6) |
4.7 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Estonia |
26.4 |
(0.6) |
50.6 |
(0.6) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
4.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Finland |
16.2 |
(0.5) |
50.5 |
(0.7) |
27.0 |
(0.7) |
6.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
France |
16.4 |
(0.5) |
37.4 |
(0.7) |
34.6 |
(0.7) |
11.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Germany |
30.6 |
(1.0) |
43.4 |
(0.8) |
19.7 |
(0.6) |
6.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Greece |
12.9 |
(0.4) |
34.6 |
(0.8) |
37.2 |
(0.6) |
15.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Hungary |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
43.8 |
(0.7) |
29.6 |
(0.7) |
8.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Iceland |
29.8 |
(0.8) |
43.0 |
(0.9) |
21.9 |
(0.7) |
5.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Ireland |
28.0 |
(0.6) |
45.9 |
(0.7) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
4.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Israel |
24.4 |
(0.7) |
38.1 |
(0.7) |
26.1 |
(0.7) |
11.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Italy |
16.7 |
(0.5) |
42.1 |
(0.8) |
31.9 |
(0.6) |
9.3 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Japan |
17.7 |
(0.5) |
49.3 |
(0.7) |
24.7 |
(0.6) |
8.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Korea |
15.3 |
(0.5) |
38.0 |
(0.7) |
37.2 |
(0.6) |
9.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Latvia |
29.2 |
(0.6) |
43.4 |
(0.6) |
21.6 |
(0.6) |
5.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Lithuania |
39.4 |
(0.6) |
33.0 |
(0.5) |
22.1 |
(0.5) |
5.4 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Luxembourg |
22.6 |
(0.6) |
39.8 |
(0.7) |
27.6 |
(0.6) |
10.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Mexico |
16.2 |
(0.6) |
28.8 |
(0.6) |
40.9 |
(0.7) |
14.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Netherlands* |
10.7 |
(0.5) |
40.0 |
(0.9) |
39.6 |
(0.9) |
9.6 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
New Zealand |
24.5 |
(0.7) |
42.7 |
(0.7) |
25.4 |
(0.6) |
7.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Norway |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
|||||
|
Poland |
13.8 |
(0.5) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
47.1 |
(0.7) |
12.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Portugal* |
23.1 |
(0.7) |
43.1 |
(0.8) |
26.9 |
(0.7) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Slovak Republic |
15.9 |
(0.5) |
41.2 |
(0.8) |
34.1 |
(0.7) |
8.7 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Slovenia |
12.5 |
(0.5) |
39.0 |
(0.8) |
37.3 |
(0.7) |
11.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Spain |
22.0 |
(0.3) |
40.0 |
(0.4) |
28.5 |
(0.3) |
9.5 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Sweden |
18.9 |
(0.8) |
44.0 |
(0.8) |
29.7 |
(0.7) |
7.4 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Switzerland |
22.1 |
(0.7) |
41.3 |
(0.9) |
27.3 |
(0.7) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Turkey |
25.9 |
(0.6) |
33.7 |
(0.6) |
26.8 |
(0.6) |
13.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
United Kingdom |
27.9 |
(0.6) |
42.2 |
(0.7) |
22.4 |
(0.5) |
7.6 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
United States* |
30.2 |
(0.7) |
38.2 |
(0.9) |
22.4 |
(0.6) |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
OECD average |
22.1 |
(0.1) |
40.5 |
(0.1) |
28.6 |
(0.1) |
8.8 |
(0.1) |
|||||
|
Partners |
Albania |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
25.0 |
(0.7) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
24.7 |
(0.8) |
||||
|
Argentina |
19.6 |
(0.6) |
29.8 |
(0.6) |
35.5 |
(0.7) |
15.1 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
Baku (Azerbaijan) |
27.8 |
(0.6) |
24.2 |
(0.6) |
29.2 |
(0.7) |
18.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Belarus |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
44.8 |
(0.7) |
40.2 |
(0.6) |
5.1 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
17.8 |
(0.6) |
33.2 |
(0.8) |
36.6 |
(0.7) |
12.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Brazil |
29.9 |
(0.6) |
33.5 |
(0.6) |
25.7 |
(0.7) |
10.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Brunei Darussalam |
17.3 |
(0.4) |
29.5 |
(0.6) |
41.3 |
(0.6) |
11.9 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
B-S-J-Z (China) |
18.9 |
(0.6) |
36.8 |
(0.7) |
35.3 |
(0.6) |
9.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Bulgaria |
27.3 |
(0.8) |
32.0 |
(0.8) |
28.7 |
(0.8) |
11.9 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Costa Rica |
26.3 |
(0.7) |
28.0 |
(0.8) |
29.5 |
(0.7) |
16.1 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Croatia |
16.3 |
(0.5) |
40.2 |
(0.6) |
34.0 |
(0.6) |
9.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Cyprus |
15.9 |
(0.6) |
38.7 |
(0.8) |
33.9 |
(0.8) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Dominican Republic |
16.5 |
(0.7) |
† |
18.2 |
(0.7) |
† |
38.6 |
(1.1) |
† |
26.8 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Georgia |
17.4 |
(0.6) |
32.2 |
(0.7) |
40.8 |
(0.9) |
9.7 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Hong Kong (China)* |
9.9 |
(0.5) |
32.9 |
(0.7) |
42.5 |
(0.7) |
14.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Indonesia |
9.2 |
(0.5) |
19.4 |
(0.7) |
47.6 |
(0.9) |
23.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
Jordan |
18.8 |
(0.5) |
28.2 |
(0.7) |
35.0 |
(0.7) |
18.0 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Kazakhstan |
17.9 |
(0.4) |
37.1 |
(0.5) |
32.8 |
(0.5) |
12.2 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Kosovo |
6.9 |
(0.4) |
20.7 |
(0.6) |
52.0 |
(0.7) |
20.4 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Lebanon |
14.4 |
(0.6) |
26.2 |
(1.0) |
38.7 |
(0.9) |
20.7 |
(0.9) |
|||||
|
Macao (China) |
12.6 |
(0.5) |
36.6 |
(0.8) |
37.4 |
(0.8) |
13.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Malaysia |
11.0 |
(0.6) |
30.3 |
(0.6) |
46.0 |
(0.8) |
12.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Malta |
19.3 |
(0.7) |
34.9 |
(0.9) |
33.2 |
(0.7) |
12.6 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Moldova |
10.8 |
(0.4) |
32.6 |
(0.9) |
45.3 |
(0.8) |
11.4 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Montenegro |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
27.9 |
(0.5) |
35.2 |
(0.6) |
19.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Morocco |
15.7 |
(0.7) |
25.9 |
(0.8) |
38.7 |
(1.0) |
19.8 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
North Macedonia |
7.3 |
(0.4) |
16.7 |
(0.6) |
45.5 |
(0.8) |
30.5 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
Panama |
12.9 |
(0.7) |
† |
15.8 |
(0.8) |
† |
32.1 |
(0.8) |
† |
39.2 |
(0.9) |
† |
|
|
Peru |
17.7 |
(0.7) |
34.3 |
(0.9) |
35.9 |
(0.9) |
12.2 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Philippines |
10.4 |
(0.6) |
20.9 |
(0.6) |
50.6 |
(0.8) |
18.1 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Qatar |
19.4 |
(0.4) |
30.6 |
(0.4) |
34.3 |
(0.4) |
15.8 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
Romania |
12.3 |
(0.5) |
30.9 |
(1.0) |
41.9 |
(0.9) |
14.8 |
(0.7) |
|||||
|
Russia |
20.2 |
(0.7) |
40.1 |
(0.8) |
29.4 |
(0.7) |
10.3 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Saudi Arabia |
20.1 |
(0.6) |
23.0 |
(0.6) |
35.3 |
(0.7) |
21.7 |
(0.6) |
|||||
|
Serbia |
17.6 |
(0.6) |
34.5 |
(0.7) |
34.2 |
(0.6) |
13.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Singapore |
21.0 |
(0.5) |
38.9 |
(0.6) |
28.5 |
(0.7) |
11.5 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Chinese Taipei |
16.5 |
(0.5) |
43.5 |
(0.6) |
31.1 |
(0.6) |
8.8 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Thailand |
12.9 |
(0.8) |
29.9 |
(0.7) |
43.7 |
(0.9) |
13.5 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Ukraine |
21.1 |
(0.7) |
45.3 |
(0.7) |
26.7 |
(0.8) |
6.9 |
(0.3) |
|||||
|
United Arab Emirates |
18.8 |
(0.4) |
27.1 |
(0.5) |
34.5 |
(0.5) |
19.6 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
Uruguay |
19.5 |
(0.7) |
34.7 |
(0.8) |
36.5 |
(0.9) |
9.3 |
(0.5) |
|||||
|
Viet Nam |
11.8 |
(0.7) |
41.2 |
(1.1) |
40.0 |
(1.2) |
7.0 |
(0.4) |
|||||
|
← * Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable (see Annexes A2 and A4). |
|||||||||||||
|
Note: Information regarding the proportion of the sample covered is shown next to the standard error. No symbol means at least 75 % of the population was covered; one dagger (†) means at least 50 % but less than 75 %; and one double-dagger (‡) means less than 50 % was covered. For comparisons across cycles, the coverage information corresponds to the cycle with the lowest sample coverage. |
|||||||||||||
copy the linklink copied!Annex B1 List of tables available on line
|
Chapter 2. Bullying
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.2 |
Change between 2015 and 2018 in students' exposure to bullying |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.3 |
Prevalence of exposure to bullying in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.4 |
Students' exposure to bullying, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.5 |
Students' exposure to bullying, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.6 |
Students' exposure to bullying and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.7 |
School-level students' exposure to bullying and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.8 |
Bullying as obstacle to student learning, by prevalence of bullying at school |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.9 |
Students' exposure to bullying, by gender |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.10 |
Students' exposure to bullying, by socio-economic status |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.11 |
Being frequently bullied, by the gender composition at school |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.12 |
Change between 2015 and 2018 in students' exposure to bullying, by time spent on the Internet |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.13 |
Being frequently bullied and students' well-being |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.14 |
School climate, by prevalence of bullying at schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.16 |
Students' attitudes towards bullying, by gender |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.17 |
Students' attitudes towards bullying, by socio-economic status |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.18 |
Being bullied, by students' attitudes towards bullying |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.19 |
Exposure to bullying and students' attitudes towards bullying at school |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.2.20 |
Rate of victimisation of "frequently bullied students" |
|
Chapter 3. Disciplinary climate
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.2 |
Change between 2009 and 2018 in disciplinary climate |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.3 |
Prevalence of noise and disorder in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.4 |
Disciplinary climate, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.5 |
Disciplinary climate, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.6 |
Disciplinary climate and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.7 |
School-level disciplinary climate and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.8 |
Prevalence of disciplinary problems and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.9 |
Disciplinary climate and reading performance, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.10 |
Index of disciplinary climate, by gender composition at school |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.3.11 |
Programme orientation and gender composition at school |
|
Chapter 4. Student truancy and lateness
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.2 |
Change between 2015 and 2018 in student truancy and lateness |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.3 |
Prevalence of student truancy in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.4 |
Prevalence of student lateness in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.5 |
Student truancy, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.6 |
Student lateness, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.7 |
Student truancy, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.8 |
Student lateness, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.9 |
Student truancy and lateness, and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.10 |
School-level truancy and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.11 |
School-level lateness and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.12 |
Repeated student truancy and lateness, and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.4.13 |
Predictors of student truancy |
|
Chapter 5. Teacher enthusiasm
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.5.2 |
Prevalence of teacher enthusiasm in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.5.3 |
Teacher enthusiasm, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.5.4 |
Teacher enthusiasm, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.5.5 |
Teacher enthusiasm and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.5.6 |
School-level teacher enthusiasm and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.5.7 |
Prevalence of teacher enthusiasm and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.5.8 |
How teacher enthusiasm is related to disciplinary climate and motivation to master tasks |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.5.9 |
Relationship between teacher enthusiasm and reading performance |
|
Chapter 6. Teachers' support and teaching practices
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.6.4 |
Prevalence of teacher support in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.6.5 |
Teacher support, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.6.6 |
Teacher support, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.6.7 |
Teacher support and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.6.8 |
School-level teacher support and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.6.9 |
Correlations between teaching practices in language-of-instruction lessons |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.6.10 |
Enjoyment of reading and teaching practices in language-of-instruction lessons |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.6.11 |
Principals' concern about education staff and teaching practices in language-of-instruction lessons |
|
Chapter 7. Teacher behaviour and student learning
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.7.2 |
Change between 2015 and 2018 in teacher behaviour hindering student learning |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.7.3 |
Teacher behaviour hindering learning, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.7.4 |
Teacher behaviour hindering learning, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.7.5 |
Teacher behaviour hindering learning and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.7.6 |
Parental involvement in school-related activities and teacher behaviour hindering learning |
|
Chapter 8. Student co-operation and competition
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.3 |
Difference between student co-operation and competition |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.4 |
Prevalence of student co-operation in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.5 |
Prevalence of student competition in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.6 |
Student co-operation, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.7 |
Student competition, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.8 |
Student co-operation, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.9 |
Student competition, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.10 |
Student co-operation and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.11 |
Student competition and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.12 |
School-level co-operation and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.13 |
School-level competition and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.14 |
Students' attitudes towards competition and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.15 |
Association between student competition and student outcomes, by students' attitudes towards competition |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.8.16 |
Association between student competition and student outcomes, by gender |
|
Chapter 9. Sense of belonging at school
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.9.2 |
Change between 2015 and 2018 in sense of belonging |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.9.3 |
Prevalence of loneliness in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.9.4 |
Index of sense of belonging, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.9.5 |
Index of sense of belonging, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.9.6 |
Sense of belonging and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.9.7 |
School-level sense of belonging and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.9.8 |
Student co-operation and competition, and students' sense of belonging |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.9.9 |
Students' sense of belonging and educational expectations |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.9.10 |
Grade repetition and students' sense of belonging |
|
Chapter 10. Parental involvement in school activities
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.2 |
Change between 2015 and 2018 in parental involvement in school-related activities |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.3 |
Discussing child’s progress on parents' initiative, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.4 |
Discussing child’s progress on teachers' initiative, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.5 |
Parental involvement in school government, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.6 |
Parental involvement in extracurricular activities, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.7 |
Parental involvement in school-related activities and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.8 |
Issues hindering parents' participation in school-related activities |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.9 |
Criteria for choosing school |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.10 |
Criteria for choosing school, by socio-economic status |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.10.11 |
School quality and policies for parental involvement, by proficiency in reading |
|
Chapter 11. Students' life satisfaction and meaning in life
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.2 |
Change between 2015 and 2018 in students' levels of life satisfaction |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.3 |
Prevalence of students who are not satisfied with life |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.4 |
Satisfied students, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.5 |
Students who are not satisfied with life, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.6 |
Students who are satisfied with life, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.7 |
Students' life satisfaction and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.8 |
School-level life satisfaction and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.9 |
Change between 2015 and 2018 in students' average life satisfaction, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.10 |
Students' satisfaction with life and school climate |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.11 |
Time spent on the Internet outside of school in 2012, 2015, 2018 |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.12 |
Change between 2015 and 2018 in the relationship between Internet time and life satisfaction |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.13 |
Students' life satisfaction, by attitudes towards using the Internet |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.15 |
Index of meaning in life, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.16 |
Index of meaning in life, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.17 |
Students' sense of meaning in life and school climate |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.18 |
Students' sense of meaning in life and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.19 |
Individual components of students' sense of meaning in life and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.20 |
Students' sense of meaning in life, by student truancy and lateness |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.11.21 |
Students' satisfaction with life and sense of meaning in life |
|
Chapter 12. Students' feelings
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.3 |
Prevalence of happiness in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.4 |
Prevalence of sadness in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.5 |
Index of positive feelings, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.6 |
Feeling sad, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.7 |
Index of positive feelings, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.8 |
Feeling sad, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.9 |
Positive feelings and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.10 |
Intensity of positive feelings and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.11 |
Negative feelings and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.12 |
Intensity of negative feelings and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.13 |
School-level positive feelings and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.14 |
School-level negative feelings and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.15 |
Internet use outside of school and positive feelings |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.16 |
Internet use outside of school and negative feelings |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.17 |
Internet use outside of school and feeling lively |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.18 |
Internet use outside of school and feeling miserable |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.19 |
Predictors of the index of positive feelings |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.20 |
Predictors of sadness |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.21 |
Association between students' satisfaction with different aspects of life and the index of positive feelings |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.12.22 |
Association between students' satisfaction with different aspects of life and feelings of sadness |
|
Chapter 13. Students' self-efficacy and fear of failure
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.3 |
Prevalence of self-efficacy in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.4 |
Prevalence of fear of failure in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.5 |
Index of self-efficacy, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.6 |
Index of fear of failure, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.7 |
Index of self-efficacy, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.8 |
Index of fear of failure, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.9 |
Self-efficacy and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.10 |
Fear of failure and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.11 |
School-level self-efficacy and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.12 |
School-level fear of failure and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.13 |
Self-efficacy, fear of failure and test performance, by gender |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.14 |
Fear of failure, by proficiency levels in reading and gender |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.13.15 |
Fear of failure and life satisfaction |
|
Chapter 14. Growth mindset
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.14.2 |
Prevalence of a growth mindset in schools |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.14.3 |
Growth mindset, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.14.4 |
Growth mindset, by school characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.14.5 |
Growth mindset and reading performance |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.14.6 |
Association between growth mindset and reading performance, by student characteristics |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.14.7 |
Growth mindset and student attitudes |
|
WEB |
Table III.B1.14.8 |
Growth mindset and educational expectations |
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