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“Too much red tape” is a common complaint from businesses and citizens in OECD countries. This report analyses proven approaches commonly adopted by governments to reduce and streamline  administrative procedures like one-stop shops (physical and electronic), simplification of permits and licence procedures, time limits for decision-making, methods to measure administrative burdens, regulatory-compliance assistance for small and medium-size companies, and increasing reliance on IT-based solutions.

This lavishly illustrated book tells the story of the development of the OECD from the founding of its predecessor organisation, the OEEC after World War II, to the transformation into the OECD in 1960, and its evolution since that time. Covering the stewardship of 6 Secretaries-General over a period of 50 years, the book describes what OECD does and how it does it.  An interesting chapter on a Day in the Life of a Chateau, tracks a typical day for a variety of OECD staffers, illustrating the breadth and variety of what people do at the OECD.  

This roadmap explores the potential improvement of existing technologies to enhance the average fuel economy of motorised vehicles; the roadmap’s vision is to achieve a 30% to 50% reduction in fuel use per kilometre from new road vehicles  including 2-wheelers, LDV s and HDV s) around the world in 2030, and from the stock of all vehicles on the road by 2050. This achievement would contribute to significant reductions in GHG emissions and oil use, compared to a baseline projection. Different motorised modes are treated separately, with a focus on LDV s, HDV s and powered two-wheelers. A section on in-use fuel economy also addresses technical and nontechnical parameters that could allow fuel economy to drastically improve over the next decades. Technology cost analysis and payback time show that significant progress can be made with low or negative cost for fuel-efficient vehicles over their lifetime use. Even though the latest data analysed by the IEA for fuel economy between 2005 and 2008 showed that a gap exists in achieving the roadmap’s vision, cutting the average fuel economy of road motorised vehicles by 30% to 50% by 2030 is achievable, and the policies and technologies that could help meet this challenge are already deployed in many places around the world.

In this document the importance of mechanistic consideration in quantitative structure-activity relationship ((Q)SAR) analysis, the critical role of mechanistic consideration in improving various (Q)SAR approaches and possible integrative approaches of combining chemoinformatics and bioinformatics are discussed, mainly using carcinogenicity as an illustrative toxicity endpoint. The principles and issues described in this document are general and may also be used for various types of chemical assessment. The intended target of readership is for global chemical hazard/risk assessors in regulatory agencies, industries, non-governmental organization and academia who require reliable and scientifically supportable (Q)SAR information and predictions in their assessments as well as for developers/researchers who endeavour to produce scientifically reliable (Q)SAR predictive models and tools.

Policy makers in OECD countries are concerned about whether they can maintain their current levels of corporate income tax revenues and how they can create an attractive investment climate for domestic and foreign investors. This report presents the recent trends in the taxation of corporate income in OECD countries and discusses the main drivers of corporate income tax reform and evaluates the gains of fundamental corporate tax reform. The corporate tax-induced distortions are discussed from a domestic and international tax point of view. This study also considers tax revenue and tax complexity issues. The book also explains a series of alternative systems that might be implemented.

This toolkit offers practical guidance to adherents to the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Recommendation on Enabling Civil Society in Development Co-operation and Humanitarian Assistance. It helps them implement the Recommendation’s provisions pertaining to strengthening local ownership and partner-country civil society as independent development and humanitarian actors.

This report reviews possible determinants of global maritime goods transport over the coming decades. It addresses the uncertainties that surround the future of maritime trade flows such as the development of demand, the costs of environmental regulation, maritime business strategies, the Belt and Road Initiative, and Arctic shipping. The report summarises discussions of an ITF Roundtable held in Paris, France in April 2019.

Major nuclear regulatory challenges will arise from government policies to liberalise energy sectors. In a context of growing competition and market deregulation, it is becoming increasingly important to reconcile commercial interests with safety requirements. For nuclear regulatory bodies, the first challenge will be to ensure that economic pressures do not erode nuclear safety. In their strive to maintain nuclear safety culture, regulatory bodies will also need to adapt to an increasingly market-oriented environment and new working relationships with operators. This report identifies the challenges that regulators are likely to be confronted with over the next ten years.

After a long period of employment growth that led to the lowest unemployment rate since the German reunification, Berlin’s labour market is now tightening. Accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, global labour market megatrends such as the automation of production processes and the increasingly advanced digital skills required to perform many jobs pose new challenges to Berlin’s policymakers. Preparing and improving its adult learning system to adapt to the rapidly changing demand for skills will be vital for the future competitiveness of Berlin’s economy and socio-economic mobility. The report Future-Proofing Adult Learning in Berlin, Germany analyses strengths and bottlenecks in Berlin’s adult learning programmes. It stresses the importance of developing a long-term vision for continuing education and training in Berlin that brings together different actors from an adult learning landscape that offers a wide range of diverse services. It further highlights the need to expand local adult learning programmes that account for the city’s highly dynamic population and labour market.

Cities are not only home to around half of the global population but are also at the forefront of the transformation of jobs, skills and labour markets. Furthermore, cities play a leading role in the COVID-19 response, as the pandemic is not only accelerating megatrends such as digitalisation and automation that change the world of work, but is also challenging city economies. In London, COVID-19 has caused an unprecedented labour market shock, with several service sectors having been devastated. The crisis and its impact on employment and firms make skills development and adult learning more important than ever. London is the first major city within the OECD to introduce a comprehensive skills strategy. The report Future-Proofing Adult Learning in London, UK analyses London’s capacity to design effective adult learning programmes, which are critical for a strong and sustainable economic recovery and for preparing for the future of work. The report sheds light on major challenges facing London, especially in light of COVID-19, while also pointing to opportunities for London to design a future-ready adult learning system that responds to the impacts of the pandemic and aligns training to rapidly evolving labour market demands.

Os comportamentos dos gestores de alto e médio escalão são importantes para promover culturas organizacionais abertas, mitigar os riscos à integridade e fomentar o comportamento ético de seus funcionários. Este relatório examina as principais questões relacionadas à liderança em integridade na administração pública federal do Brasil, com base em uma ampla pesquisa com altos agentes públicos. Informado e inspirado por insights comportamentais, ele fornece recomendações concretas para o fortalecimento da liderança em integridade no Brasil.

Este informe analiza la forma como la institución de fiscalización superior de México, la Auditoría Superior de la Federación (ASF), puede optimizar su uso de la analítica de datos. Si bien el informe se concentra en el uso de datos para mejorar la detección de riesgos de integridad, también reconoce las implicaciones de un mejor uso de la analítica para la estrategia general de transformación digital de la ASF. Asimismo, proporciona una serie de propuestas para optimizar la gobernanza de datos de la ASF e incorporar la analítica a sus iniciativas estratégicas. Finalmente, evalúa el impulso a las capacidades analíticas en la ASF, incluyendo el abordaje de consideraciones sobre integridad a través de una mejor coordinación, el desarrollo de habilidades digitales y la promoción de una cultura basada en datos.

Con el fin de apoyar a la institución de fiscalización superior de México, la Auditoría Superior de la Federación (ASF), en el cumplimiento de su mandato, este informe analiza buenas prácticas de países OCDE sobre la incorporación de temas de gobernanza en las auditorías a obras públicas. También proporciona ejemplos y evalúa diferentes consideraciones estratégicas, incluyendo objetivos y recursos, sobre la organización y las prácticas de la ASF para la auditoría de infraestructura. Finalmente, analiza las prácticas de auditoría en el contexto de emergencias.

El impacto del trabajo de las entidades fiscalizadoras superiores (EFS) depende en gran medida de la capacidad y de la voluntad de las entidades auditadas para implementar los cambios sugeridos en los informes de auditoría emitidos por las EFS. La perspectiva de las ciencias conductuales puede ayudar a las EFS a promover la adopción de sus informes y de las recomendaciones de auditoría. Se trata de una perspectiva basada en la psicología, la ciencia cognitiva y las ciencias sociales que tiene en cuenta cómo las personas toman decisiones y puede usarse para diseñar mejores políticas. El informe analiza cómo la EFS de Chile, la Contraloría General de la República (CGR), produce informes de auditoría y monitorea su seguimiento. Con base en este análisis, el informe identifica y analiza los elementos que dificultan el seguimiento oportuno e identifica oportunidades para abordarlos gracias a lecciones aprendidas de las ciencias conductuales. Una revisión del proceso de auditoría y seguimiento informada por esta perspectiva podría ayudar a mejorar significativamente el valor agregado del trabajo de la CGR y, por lo tanto, la eficacia y eficiencia de la administración pública en Chile.

A consolidação das políticas de integridade em todos os órgão e entidades da administração pública é um desafio compartilhado por muitos países. No Brasil, a Controladoria-Geral da União (CGU) desenvolveu os Programas de Integridade Pública, que incluem a designação de uma Unidade de Gestão da Integridade (UGI) e a elaboração de Planos de Integridade em todas os 186 órgãos e entidades da Administração Pública federal direta, autárquica e fundacional. Recentemente, este esforço conduziu à implantação do Sistema de Integridade Pública do Poder Executivo Federal (SIPEF). Este relatório analisa o desenvolvimento dessas ações e propõe recomendações para fortalecer o SIPEF, as UGIs e a CGU, com vistas à promoção de uma cultura de integridade. Ao fazer isso, o relatório também evidencia oportunidades para aperfeiçoar a compreensão e a coerência das políticas destinadas a promover a integridade pública, a ética pública, a gestão de conflitos de interesse e a fomentar a gestão de riscos para a integridade, simplificando essas áreas sob a égide da integridade pública.