White Spruce is the most commonly planted tree species in Canada, accounting for more than one-third of all reforestation throughout the (Kuhnke 1989). Active tree breeding and orchard programmes exist in every Canadian province, a distinction not shared by any other species (Fowler and Morgenstern 1990; Lavereau 1995). Breeding programmes in the United States are active, with productive White Spruce seed orchards in New England, New York and the Lake States (Carter and Simpson 1985; Carter 1988; Stine et al. 1995). ). White Spruce is the dominant reforestation species in the upper Lake States (Rauscher 1987). In Germany, Picea glauca has had limited use as a species with potential for reclaiming badly polluted industrial areas (Weiss 1986). Elsewhere in the world, White Spruce is of much less importance. With the exception of limited ornamental use, it is not generally planted outside its North American range.