Browse by: "2015"
Index
Title Index
Year Index
Economic policies shape how much people earn, as well as how stable their income and jobs are. The level and stability of earnings both matter for well-being. Standard economic aggregates do not measure accurately the economic uncertainty which households are facing. This paper shows that household-level economic instability is only very loosely related to macroeconomic volatility. It uses several household-level databases to document how structural reforms aimed at boosting growth influence household-level economic stability. Movement from less to more productive processes and firms is at the heart of economic growth, which suggests a trade-off between growth and micro-level stability. Certain policy changes boost growth but increase micro-level instability: they include reductions in tax progressivity or social transfers (including unemployment benefits), as well as moves from very to moderately tight restrictions on the flow of goods and services and on the firing of regular workers. However, the analysis also uncovers that moving to highly competitive policies in general reduces micro-level instability. This finding points to a case for comprehensive rather than marginal reform in tightly regulated countries, since a comprehensive agenda can deliver higher growth without the instability costs that a more marginal reform can entail.
JEL classification: D12, D22, J08, O40
Keywords: Stability, households, economic growth, reforms, microdata
At the core of the nuclear non-proliferation regime lie international agreements. These agreements include, inter alia, the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty, nuclear co-operation agreements and nuclear export control agreements.1 States, however, do not always comply with their obligations under these agreements. In response, commentators have proposed various enforcement mechanisms to promote compliance.2 The inconvenient truth, however, is that states are generally unwilling to consent to enforcement mechanisms concerning issues as critical to national security as nuclear non-proliferation.
There are 431 commercial nuclear power plants around the world.1 On 14 April 2015, 193 of these power plants were covered by a nuclear liability instrument (118 power plants by the Paris Convention2 and 75 by the Vienna Convention3). With the entry into force of the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage (CSC)4 on 15 April 2015, the number of power plants covered by a nuclear liability
In an effort to reach a wider audience, and keep the information regarding the status of multilateral agreements more up-to-date, this content has been moved online and is available at: www.oecd-nea.org/law/multilateral-agreements.
Canada
Liability and compensation
France
Liability and compensation
Nuclear safety and radiological protection
Greece
Organisation and structure
Hungary
General legislation
India
Liability and compensation
Japan
Liability and compensation
Korea
Liability and compensation
Lithuania
General legislation
Transport of radioactive material
Slovak Republic
International co-operation
Liability and compensation
Slovenia
General legislation
Switzerland
Liability and compensation
United States
Radioactive waste management
On 11 March 2011, the nuclear safety sector was deeply shaken by the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan. Because of this accident, 25 years of established certainties in nuclear power plant operational safety that followed the Chernobyl disaster were once again called into question.
European Atomic Energy Community
Non-legally binding instruments
International relations
International Atomic Energy Agency
Convention on Nuclear Safety (CNS)
Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management (JC)
The Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage (CSC)
International Expert Group on Nuclear Liability (INLEX)
Legislative assistance activities
OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
GIF Framework Agreement extended for ten years
Technology Roadmap: Nuclear Energy
Steering Committee Policy Debate: Health Effects of Low-dose Radiation
Slovak Republic
Further developments in cases related to the challenge by Greenpeace Slovakia to the Mochovce nuclear power plant
United States
Judgment of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission denying requests from petitioners to suspend final reactor licensing decisions pending the issuance of a final determination of reasonable assurance of permanent disposal of spent fuel