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01 Mar 1983
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Wage Formation in France: Sectoral Aspects
Patrick Artus, Pages: 57
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
The purpose of this paper is to examine the processes of wage formation in France sector by sector, to idenitfy the reasons for fluctuations in sectoral wage differentials and ascertain whether wage emulation exists. In France no information is available quarterly on sector wages with...
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12 Oct 2011
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Wage Implications of Trade Liberalisation: Evidence for Effective Policy Formation
Susan Stone, Ricardo Cavazos Cepeda, Pages: 43
in
OECD Trade Policy Papers
The relationship between trade and wages has been subject to intense scrutiny in the academic literature with no clear consensus emerging. This paper adds to this body of research by moving beyond the single country analysis level to a panel including developed and developing countries and data...
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03 Nov 2011
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Wage Income Tax Reforms and Changes in Tax Burdens: 2000-2009
Bert Brys, Pages: 47
in
OECD Taxation Working Papers
The tax burden on labour and its evolution over time are issues that feature prominently in the political debate. Averaged across the OECD, personal income taxes, social security contributions and payroll taxes together account for more than 51% of total government revenues in 2008 (OECD,...
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24 July 2006
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Wage Setting in Finland: Increasing Flexibility in Centralised Wage Agreements
Åsa Johansson, Pages: 27
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
The centralised wage agreements have helped to contain inflation. There is evidence that wage
increases were more moderate when a central agreement was concluded than in periods when no central agreement was reached. Nevertheless, there is also evidence that centralised wage setting has had...
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01 Mar 2011
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Walking the Torque: Proposed Work Plan for Energy-Efficiency Policy Opportunities for Electric Motor-Driven Systems
Hugh Falkner, Shane Holt, Pages: 47
in
IEA Energy Papers
Electric motor-driven system (EMDS) accounts for more than 40% of global electricity consumption. This paper sets out an ambitious but achievable target with the global work plan to improve the energy efficiency of EMDS by 10% to 15% based on findings from the working paper ‘Energy Efficiency...
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01 Oct 2008
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Wall Street and Elections in Latin American Emerging Economies
Sebastián Nieto Parra, Javier Santiso, Pages: 57
in
OECD Development Centre Working Papers
Political cycles represent a core issue for capital markets in developing and emerging countries. This paper analyses the intricate links between financial markets and emerging democracies and highlights changes in the ways analysts and investors react to political cycles in emerging...
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01 Aug 1990
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Walras - A Multi-Sector, Multi-Country Applied General Equilibrium Model for Quantifying the Economy-Wide Effects of Agricultural Policies: A Technical Manual
Jean-Marc Burniaux, François Delorme, Ian Lienert, John P. Martin, Pages: 78
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
This paper presents a technical description of the OECD's multi-sector, multi-country applied general equilibrium model -- the WALRAS model. This model has been developed with the explicit objective of quantifying the economy-wide effects of agricultural policies in OECD countries. The common...
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05 Dec 2008
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Article
English
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Waste Generation and Recycling
Ida Ferrara, Pages: 19–58
in
OECD Journal: General Papers
There are two serious failures that arise in the management of solid waste. The first relates to the existence of negative externalities in the individual decision-making over waste generation and disposal. When individuals decide on how much to ...
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28 Mar 2012
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Water Governance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Multi-Level Approach
Aziza Akhmouch, Pages: 150
in
OECD Regional Development Working Papers
The water debate in relation to poverty alleviation has one dimension that is often sidelined: its relationship with public governance. This report attempts to shed some light on the governance of water policy in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. It argues that public governance of...
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01 July 1986
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Wealth and Inflation Effects in the Aggregate Consumption Function
G.H. Holtham, H. Kato, Pages: 41
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
This paper examines some alternative specifications of the aggregate consumption function for eight OECD countries. Wealth effects are potentially important as determinants of consumption and as a transmission channel from monetary influences to real variables. However, measurement difficulties...
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09 Nov 2004
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Wealth Effects on Money Demand in EMU: Econometric Evidence
Laurence Boone, Fanny Mikol, Paul van den Noord, Pages: 20
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
This paper investigates the determinants of money demand (M3) in the euro area. It specifically examines the potential impact of financial and housing wealth on money demand. It tests the hypothesis, whether wealth associated with increases in asset prices is used to finance liquidity holdings...
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01 Nov 1997
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Webcasting and Convergence: Policy Implications
OECD, Pages: 56
in
OECD Digital Economy Papers
Convergence between different telecommunication and broadcasting infrastructures and services is increasingly raising challenges for regulatory frameworks and may require adjustment in view of emerging services.
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29 Sep 2005
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Welfare Reform in European Countries: A Microsimulation Analysis
Herwig Immervoll, Henrik Jacobsen Kleven, Claus Thustrup Kreiner, Emmanuel Saez, Pages: 59
in
OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers
This paper estimates the welfare and distributional impact of two types of welfare reform in the 15 (pre-enlargement) member countries of the European Union. The reforms are revenue neutral and financed by an overall and uniform increase in marginal tax rates on earnings. The first reform...
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01 Dec 2011
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Well-Being at School: Does Infrastructure Matter?
Katrien Cuyvers, Gio De Weerd, Sanne Dupont, Sophie Mols, Chantal Nuytten, Pages: 8
in
CELE Exchange, Centre for Effective Learning Environments
What is the impact of school infrastructure on the well-being of students in Flemish secondary schools? A study, commissioned by AGIOn (the Flemish agency that subsidises school buildings), investigated the impact of educational spaces on their users and set out to identify empirical evidence...
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02 Mar 2010
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Article
English
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West Africa: the dynamics and trends of international migration
Laurent Bossard, Marie Trémolières, Pages: 109–127
in
OECD Journal: General Papers
OECD countries receive a little less than half (97 million in 2000) of the world’s total migrants, of which 3.8 million are from Northern Africa and 1.2 million are from West Africa. West African migration is on the rise, due mainly to an increase ...
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01 June 2012
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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What Are the Returns on Higher Education for Individuals and Countries?
OECD, Pages: 4
in
Education Indicators in Focus
Investing in higher (tertiary) education is one of the more significant decisions a person can take. In some countries, the direct costs of higher education can be large, often requiring a significant investment of an individual’s personal funds, either in up-front payments or loan repayments...
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01 Jan 2013
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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What Are the Social Benefits of Education?
OECD, Pages: 4
in
Education Indicators in Focus
On average across 15 OECD countries, a 30-year-old male tertiary graduate can expect to live
another 51 years, while a 30 year-old man who has not completed upper secondary education
can expect to live an additional 43 years. A similar comparison between women in the two
educational groups...
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01 Jan 1994
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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What Can Developing Countries Learn from OECD Labour Market Programmes and Policies?
Åsa Sohlman, David Turnham, Pages: 95
in
OECD Development Centre Working Papers
Many OECD Member countries and a large number of the developing countries are suffering from extensive unemployment, both in short and long-term forms. Based on a five-part schema of labour market problems, this paper summarises and evaluates the effectiveness of labour market policies and...
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01 Nov 2011
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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What Can Parents Do to Help Their Children Succeed in School?
OECD, Pages: 4
in
PISA in Focus
Most parents know, instinctively, that spending more time with their children and being actively involved in their education will give their children a good head-start in life. But as many parents have to juggle competing demands at work and at home, there never seems to be enough time. Often,...
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01 Dec 2012
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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What Do Students Expect To Do After Finishing Upper Secondary School?
OECD, Pages: 4
in
PISA in Focus
The percentage of students who expect to complete university is highest in Korea
(80%) and lowest in Latvia (25%).
Many high-performing students do not expect to go to university, representing
potentially lost talent to an economy and society while many low-performing
students think they will...
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