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30 June 2006
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Valuation and Exploitation of Intellectual Property
Shigeki Kamiyama, Jerry Sheehan, Catalina Martinez, Pages: 49
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
As firms shift to more open models of innovation based on collaboration and external sourcing of knowledge, they are exploiting their intellectual property, notably patents, not only by incorporating protected inventions into new products, processes and services, but also by licensing them to...
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29 Nov 2007
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Article
English
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Values, Ethics and Teacher Education: A Perspective from Pakistan
Rukhsana Zia, Pages: 1–21
in
Higher Education Management and Policy
Values and ethics are automatically incorporated into any teaching/learning environment or endeavour, whether or not they are consciously stated objectives. The focus on "quality of education" has sharpened as people have become concerned about a ...
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29 Nov 2007
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Article
English
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Values, Principles and Integrity: Academic and Professional Standards in Higher Education
Ian McNay, Pages: 1–24
in
Higher Education Management and Policy
This paper is based mainly on responses – nearly 300 – to a web-based survey of academic staff in UK higher education. The survey examined their personal and professional values and their views on the values that should underpin higher education ...
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01 Jan 1996
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Valuing the Right to Tax Incomes: An Options Pricing Approach
Teun Draaisma, Kathryn Gordon, Pages: 20
in
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
This paper uses options pricing techniques to estimate the value of the government’s tax claim on household or business incomes. It treats the annual tax claim as a European call option on taxable income (a European call is an option that can be exercised at its expiration date and not before)....
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01 June 2002
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venezuela's Bolivarian Schools Project
María Magnolia Santamaría Diaz, Pages: 3
in
PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building
The Bolivarian Schools Project is intended to respond to problems such as dropping out, educational exclusion, repetition, malnutrition, and loss of local, regional and national identity, and to the search for citizens interested in economic and social transformation.
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28 Jan 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policies in Canada
Günseli Baygan, Pages: 19
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
Canada has one of the highest levels of venture capital investment as a share of GDP among OECD countries. Between 1995 and 2001, Canada realised phenomenal growth in venture capital supply and the creation of over 200 new venture capital funds. However, the largest share of Canadian venture...
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25 June 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policies in Denmark
Günseli Baygan, Pages: 21
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
Denmark has one of the lowest levels of venture capital investment as a share of GDP among OECD countries. The Danish government tried a number of supply-side initiatives in the 1990s with varying degrees of success. Problems stem from a lack of equity investment culture, the high levels and...
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28 Jan 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policies in Israel
Günseli Baygan, Pages: 19
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
Israel has a higher level of venture capital as a share of GDP than any OECD country. Most Israeli venture capital is channelled to early-stage companies, particularly start-ups in sectors based on information and communications technology (ICT) and biotechnology. The Israeli venture capital...
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28 Jan 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policies in Korea
Günseli Baygan, Pages: 21
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
The Korean venture capital market has grown dramatically in recent years, starting from a negligible base in the early 1990s and almost tripling between 1998 and 2001. Korea now ranks among the leading OECD countries in venture capital investment as a share of GDP. Korea weathered the severe...
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25 June 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policies in Sweden
Günseli Baygan, Pages: 21
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
Sweden has one of the highest levels of private equity investment as a share of GDP among OECD countries. However, its strength lies in later-stage investments, financed primarily by foreign investors. This reflects an industrial structure based on large manufacturing conglomerates. A lack of...
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28 Jan 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policy Review: United Kingdom
Günseli Baygan, Pages: 20
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
Despite high levels of private equity financing in the United Kingdom, relatively little funding is reaching small, technology-based companies. Institutional investors, both domestic and foreign, remain focused on later-stage deals. The United Kingdom has implemented several policy initiatives...
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08 Dec 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policy Review: Norway
Günseli Baygan, Pages: 18
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
The Norwegian venture capital market is oriented towards expansion investments in traditional sectors and suffers from a lack of private risk capital as well as of entrepreneurial demand. Norway needs to increase the entry of innovative start-ups in order to diversify the economy beyond its...
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21 Aug 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policy Review: United States
Günseli Baygan, Pages: 23
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
The United States has the oldest and most developed venture capital industry in the OECD. Several successful high-technology companies in computers and communications, as well as in healthrelated sectors and services, were venture-backed. Young high-growth firms also benefit from a continuum of...
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08 Dec 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policy Review: Spain
Ricardo Tejada, Pages: 20
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
Spain's expanding venture capital market is still biased towards mature firms in traditional sectors with little investment in technology-based start-ups. Although the country has benefited from substantial inflows of foreign venture capital, steps are needed to increase domestic levels of...
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08 Dec 2003
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Venture Capital Policy Review: Portugal
Ricardo Tejada, Pages: 19
in
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
The small Portuguese venture capital market is characterised by expansion-stage investments in manufacturing industries, primarily consumer goods. Government equity programmes, which have tended to be investment vehicles for European structural funds, have crowded out potential private...
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01 July 1996
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Vertical Intra-Industry Trade Between China and OECD Countries
Lisbeth Hellvin, Pages: 31
in
OECD Development Centre Working Papers
This paper examines the issue of intra-industry trade in a transition economy. We address the question of whether the market-opening reforms in China have resulted in an increasing exchange of similar products, or whether foreign trade is still playing the role of filling the gap of products...
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28 July 2009
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Vertical Trade, Trade Costs and FDI
Sébastien Miroudot, Alexandros Ragoussis, Pages: 48
in
OECD Trade Policy Papers
Firms find advantages in sourcing inputs from abroad and in fragmenting their production process. On
average, vertical trade represents about one third of total trade among OECD countries. This report
describes and illustrates new firm strategies of vertical specialisation and explores the...
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25 Oct 2006
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Article
English
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Very High Burn-ups in Light Water Reactors
OECD, Pages: 1–137
in
OECD Papers
This study resulted from a discussion at the June 2002 meeting of the OECD/NEA Nuclear Science Committee, at which it was first suggested to set up a project to address very high burn-ups (specifically average discharge burn-ups in the range 60-100 ...
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17 June 2011
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Virtual Worlds: Immersive Online Platforms for Collaboration, Creativity and Learning
OECD, Pages: 50
in
OECD Digital Economy Papers
Virtual worlds are increasingly evolving into Internet-mediated "spaces", where large groups of people meet and interact in real-time while experiencing a shared sensation of being there together. This enables richer and more dynamic social interaction and collaboration across national and...
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01 Aug 2002
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Working/Policy Paper
English
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Virtuous Circles? Human Capital Formation, Economic Development and the Multinational Enterprise
Ethan B. Kapstein, Pages: 26
in
OECD Development Centre Working Papers
In recent years, academics and policy makers have emphasised the role of human capital formation in economic development. By creating human capital, countries become more attractive to private investment, both domestic and foreign. And through such investment, countries grow and prosper.Yet the...
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