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There is no country or economy participating in PISA 2012 that can claim that all of its 15-year-old students have achieved a baseline level of proficiency in mathematics, reading and science. Poor performance at school has long-term consequences, both for the individual and for society as a whole. Reducing the number of low-performing students is not only a goal in its own right but also an effective way to improve an education system’s overall performance – and equity, since low performers are disproportionately from socio-economically disadvantaged families.
Low-performing Students: Why they Fall Behind and How to Help them Succeed examines low performance at school by looking at low performers’ family background, education career and attitudes towards school. The report also analyses the school practices and educational policies that are more strongly associated with poor student performance. Most important, the evidence provided in the report reveals what policy makers, educators, parents and students themselves can do to tackle low performance and succeed in school.
The present report on Lithuania is the fourth of a new series on "Investing in Youth" which builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. This series covers both OECD countries and countries in the process of accession to the OECD, as well as some emerging economies. The report provides a detailed diagnosis of the youth labour market and VET system in Lithuania from an international comparative perspective, and offers tailored recommendations to help improve school-to-work transitions. It also provides an opportunity for Lithuania to learn from the innovative measures that other countries have taken to strengthen the skills of youth and their employment outcomes, notably through the implementation of a Youth Guarantee.
OECD’s Innovation Strategy calls upon all sectors in the economy and society to innovate in order to foster productivity, growth and well-being. Education systems are critically important for innovation through the development of skills that nurture new ideas and technologies. However, whereas digital technologies are profoundly changing the way we work, communicate and enjoy ourselves, the world of education and learning is not yet going through the same technology-driven innovation process as other sectors.
This report served as the background report to the second Global Education Industry Summit which was held on 26-27 September 2016. It discusses the available evidence on innovation in education, the impact of digital technologies on teaching and learning, the role of digital skills and the role of educational industries in the process of innovation. The report argues for smarter policies, involving all stakeholders, for innovation in education.
What models of governance are effective in complex education systems? In all systems an increasing number of stakeholders are involved in designing, delivering and monitoring education. Like our societies, education systems are increasingly diverse regarding students, teachers and communities, as well as the values and identities we expect education to deliver. These trends have increased the complexity of education systems, leaving decision makers on all governance levels with the question of how to successfully manoeuvre in this highly dynamic policy area.
Governing Education in a Complex World addresses key challenges involved in governing modern education systems, looking specifically at complexity, accountability, capacity building and strategic thinking. The publication brings together research from the OECD Secretariat and invited chapters from international scholars to provide a state of the art analysis and a fresh perspective on some of the most challenging issues facing educational systems today.
Creating the open, dynamic and strategic governance systems necessary for governing complex systems is not easy. This volume challenges our traditional concepts of education governance through work on complexity, collaborative networks and decision-making. In doing so it sets the agenda for thinking about the inclusive and adaptable systems necessary for governing education in today’s world. The volume will be a useful resource for those interested in education governance and complexity, particularly policy-makers, education leaders, teachers and the education research community.
The costs of a persistent misalignment between the supply and demand for skills are substantial, ranging from lost wages for workers to lower productivity for firms and countries. Addressing skills imbalances has become even more of a concern as OECD governments reflect on the implications of technological progress, digitisation, demographic change and globalisation for jobs and work organisation. In light of these challenges, OECD has undertaken new research to shed light on how countries measure changing skill needs while ensuring that employment, training and migration institutions are responsive to the emergence of new skill requirements. The Getting Skills Right in Sweden review offers an in-depth analysis of the key areas where policy action is required to spur the development of an efficient system for skills assessment and anticipation to inform policy in the country. The report provides an assessment of practices in the following areas: i) the collection of information on existing and future skill needs; ii) the use of skill needs information to guide policy development in the areas of labour, education and migration; and iii) the existence of effective governance arrangements to ensure good co-ordination among the key stakeholders in the collection and use of skill needs information.
Digitalisation, globalisation, demographic shifts and other changes in work organisation are constantly reshaping skill needs. This can lead to persistent skill shortages and mismatch which are costly for individuals, firms and society in terms of lost wages and lower productivity and growth. These costs can be reduced through better assessment and anticipation of changing skill needs and by improving the responsiveness of skills development to these changes.
This report identifies effective strategies for improving labour market information on skill needs and ensuring that this information is used effectively to develop the right skills. It provides a comparative assessment of practices across 29 countries in the following areas: i) the collection of information on existing and future skill needs; ii) the use of this information to guide skill development policies in the areas of labour, education and migration; and iii) governance arrangements to ensure good co-ordination among the key stakeholders in the collection and use of skill needs information.
This publication provides an overview of the recent trends and developments in financial education policies and programmes in Europe. It describes the status of national strategies for financial education and various financial education programmes targeting a variety of audiences and through a variety of delivery channels. Based on the analysis of these initiatives, the report offers policy and practical suggestions for European policy makers and other stakeholders.
More than ever, students need to engage with mathematical concepts, think quantitatively and analytically, and communicate using mathematics. All these skills are central to a young person’s preparedness to tackle problems that arise at work and in life beyond the classroom. But the reality is that many students are not familiar with basic mathematics concepts and, at school, only practice routine tasks that do not improve their ability to think quantitatively and solve real-life, complex problems.
How can we break this pattern? This report, based on results from PISA 2012, shows that one way forward is to ensure that all students spend more “engaged” time learning core mathematics concepts and solving challenging mathematics tasks. The opportunity to learn mathematics content – the time students spend learning mathematics topics and practising maths tasks at school – can accurately predict mathematics literacy. Differences in students’ familiarity with mathematics concepts explain a substantial share of performance disparities in PISA between socio-economically advantaged and disadvantaged students. Widening access to mathematics content can raise average levels of achievement and, at the same time, reduce inequalities in education and in society at large.
Thailand’s education system stands at a crossroads. Significant investment has widened access to education and the country performs relatively well in international assessments compared with its peers. But the benefits have not been universally distributed and Thailand has not received the return on its spending on education that it might have expected. This report encourages Thailand to focus on four priority areas to prepare students from all backgrounds for a fast-changing world. The first is to set clear, common standards for all students through a revised and improved curriculum. The second priority is to build capacity to reliably assess students across the full range of competencies needed for success in life and in learning. Third, Thailand needs to develop a holistic strategy to prepare teachers and school leaders to deliver education reform, including implementing the revised curriculum, and to tackle teaching shortages in the most deprived areas. The final challenge is to create a comprehensive information and communications technology strategy to equip all Thailand’s schools, teachers and students for the 21st century.
How can Latvia improve the quality and equity of its education system and realise long-term efficiency gains? This report covers the whole education system from early childhood education and care to tertiary education and provides an assessment of Latvia’s policies and practices against the best approaches in education and skills across the OECD. This international comparison brings to the fore the many strengths of Latvia’s education system, but also highlights the challenges it faces and provides a number of recommendations in response. This report will be of value to Latvia but also policy makers in other countries looking to raise the quality, equity and efficiency of their education systems.
How can Colombia improve both the quality and equity of its education system while also addressing efficiency challenges? Despite a fundamental transformation of its education system over the past two decades, Colombia faces two critical challenges: high levels of inequality from the earliest years and low levels of quality across its education system. This report assesses Colombia’s policies and practices against the best approaches in education and skills from across the OECD. It analyses its education system’s major strengths and the challenges it faces, from early childhood education and care to tertiary education. With insights drawn from international research, it offers recommendations on how Colombia can improve quality and equity to reach its goal of being the “most educated” country in Latin America by 2025. This report will be of interest in Colombia as well as other countries looking to raise the quality, equity and efficiency of their education systems.
Education at a Glance is the authoritative source for information on the state of education around the world. It provides key information on the output of educational institutions; the impact of learning across countries; the financial and human resources invested in education; access, participation and progression in education; and the learning environment and organisation of schools.
The 2016 edition introduces a new indicator on the completion rate of tertiary students and another one on school leaders. It provides more trend data and analysis on diverse topics, such as: teachers’ salaries; graduation rates; expenditure on education; enrolment rates; young adults who are neither employed nor in education or training; class size; and teaching hours. The publication examines gender imbalance in education and the profile of students who attend, and graduate from, vocational education.
The report covers all 35 OECD countries and a number of partner countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, India, Indonesia, Lithuania, the Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia and South Africa).
This edition includes more than 125 figures and 145 tables. The Excel™ spreadsheets used to create them are available via the StatLinks provided throughout the publication. More data is available in the OECD Education Statistics database.
Governing multi-level education systems requires governance models that balance responsiveness to local diversity with the ability to ensure national objectives. This delicate equilibrium is difficult to achieve given the complexity of many education systems. Countries are therefore increasingly looking for examples of good practice and models of effective modern governance that they can adapt to their own needs.
Education Governance in Action: Lessons from Case Studies bridges theory and practice by connecting major themes in education governance to real-life reform efforts in a variety of countries. It builds upon in-depth case studies of education reform efforts in Flanders (Belgium), Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland and Sweden. The case studies are complemented by country examples of efforts to restore and sustain trust in their education systems. Together they provide a rich illustration of modern governance challenges - and successes.
The volume highlights the importance of the interdependence between knowledge and governance and focuses on essential components for modern education governance: accountability, capacity building and strategic thinking. It sets the agenda for thinking about the flexible and adaptive systems necessary for governing education in today's complex world. This publication will be of interest to policy makers, education leaders, teachers, the education research community and all those interested in education governance and complexity.
Higher level vocational education and training (VET) programmes are facing rapid change and intensifying challenges. What type of training is needed to meet the needs of changing economies? How should the programmes be funded? How should they be linked to academic and university programmes? How can employers and unions be engaged? The country reports in this series look at these and other questions. They form part of Skills beyond School, the OECD policy review of postsecondary vocational education and training.
Vocational education and training (VET) programmes are facing rapid change and intensifying challenges. How can employers and unions be engaged? How can workbased learning be used? How can teachers and trainers be effectively prepared? How should postsecondary programmes be structured? The country reports in this series look at these and other questions. They form part of Skills beyond School, OECD policy reviews of vocational education and training.
La révolution technologique amorcée au cours des dernières décennies du XXe siècle a modifié les besoins en compétences sur le marché du travail. De nos jours, les compétences en traitement de l’information, les compétences interpersonnelles et d’autres aptitudes cognitives de haut niveau sont de plus en plus prisées. L’Évaluation des compétences des adultes, lancée dans le cadre du Programme de l'OCDE pour l’évaluation internationale des compétences des adultes (PIAAC), vise à fournir un nouvel éclairage sur le rôle de ces compétences dans la société d’aujourd’hui et sur leur utilisation dans le cadre privé et professionnel. Première évaluation de cette nature, elle mesure directement la maîtrise de plusieurs compétences en traitement de l’information : la littératie, la numératie et la résolution de problèmes dans des environnements à forte composante technologique.
Ce volume présente les résultats des 24 pays et régions qui ont participé à la première vague de l'évaluation en 2011-2012 (publiés pour la première fois dans Perspectives de l’OCDE sur les compétences 2013 : Premiers résultats de l’Évaluation des compétences des adultes) et des neuf pays supplémentaires qui ont participé à la deuxième vague en 2014-2015 (Chili, Grèce, Indonésie [Jakarta], Israël, Lituanie, Nouvelle-Zélande, Singapour, Slovénie et Turquie). Il décrit les compétences des adultes dans les trois domaines de compétences en traitement de l’information évalués et analyse le lien entre les compétences et les résultats sur le marché du travail ainsi que les résultats sociaux. Un rapport connexe, le second volume de L’Évaluation des compétences des adultes : Manuel à l’usage des lecteurs, décrit la conception et la méthodologie de l’évaluation, et les corrélations à établir avec d’autres évaluations internationales portant sur les compétences des jeunes étudiants et des adultes. Un rapport connexe, le second volume de L’Évaluation des compétences des adultes : Manuel à l’usage des lecteurs, décrit la conception et la méthodologie de l’évaluation, et ses relations avec d’autres évaluations internationales des compétences des jeunes encore scolarisés et des adultes.
Die Internationale Schulleistungsstudie der OECD (PISA) untersucht nicht nur, was Schülerinnen und Schüler in den Bereichen Naturwissenschaften, Lesekompetenz und Mathematik wissen, sondern auch, inwieweit sie dieses Wissen anwenden können. Die Ergebnisse von PISA geben Aufschluss über die Qualität und Gerechtigkeit der Verteilung der Lernerträge weltweit und gestatten es Pädagogen und politisch Verantwortlichen, aus Praktiken und Politiken anderer Länder zu lernen. Dies ist einer von fünf Bänden, in denen die Ergebnisse von PISA 2015, der sechsten Runde dieser im Dreijahresturnus durchgeführten Erhebung, präsentiert werden.
Band I, Exzellenz und Chancengerechtigkeit in der Bildung, gibt einen Überblick über die Schülerleistungen in den Bereichen Naturwissenschaften, Lesekompetenz sowie Mathematik und befasst sich mit der Definition und Messung der Chancengerechtigkeit in der Bildung. Besonderes Augenmerk gilt den Einstellungen der Schülerinnen und Schüler zu Naturwissenschaften, auch in Bezug auf ihre Berufsvorstellungen. Außerdem wird erörtert, wie sich Schülerleistungen und Bildungsgerechtigkeit in den an PISA teilnehmenden Ländern und Volkswirtschaften in den letzten Jahren entwickelt haben.
Le Programme international de l’OCDE pour le suivi des acquis des élèves (PISA) cherche non seulement à évaluer ce que les élèves savent en sciences, en compréhension de l’écrit et en mathématiques, mais aussi à déterminer ce qu’ils sont capables de faire avec ces connaissances. Les résultats de l’enquête PISA révèlent la qualité et l’équité de l’apprentissage dans le monde entier, et offrent aux professionnels de l’éducation et aux responsables politiques la possibilité de découvrir les politiques et pratiques d’autres pays et de s’en inspirer. Vous avez entre les mains l’un des cinq volumes qui présentent les résultats de l’évaluation PISA 2015, la sixième édition de cette enquête triennale.
Le volume I, L’excellence et l’équité dans l’éducation, résume la performance des élèves en sciences, en compréhension de l’écrit et en mathématiques, et définit et mesure l’équité dans l’éducation. Il se concentre sur les attitudes des élèves à l’égard de l’apprentissage en sciences et analyse leur aspiration à embrasser une carrière scientifique. Il examine aussi l’évolution de la performance et de l’équité ces dernières années dans les pays et économies participant à l’enquête PISA.
Le volume II, Politiques et pratiques pour des établissements performants, examine les liens entre la performance des élèves et diverses caractéristiques des établissements et des systèmes d’éducation, notamment les ressources affectées à l’éducation, l’environnement d’apprentissage et les critères de sélection des élèves entre les établissements, les filières d’enseignement et les classes.
Le volume III, Le bien-être des élèves, décrit la relation entre les résultats scolaires des élèves de 15 ans et leur vie sociale et leurs attitudes à l’égard de l’apprentissage.
Le volume IV, La culture financière des élèves, analyse les connaissances et l’expérience des élèves dans les matières financières.
Le volume V, La résolution collaborative de problèmes, analyse la capacité des élèves à travailler à plusieurs pour la résolution de problèmes. Il examine aussi le rôle de l’éducation dans le développement de la capacité des jeunes à résoudre des problèmes en équipe.