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US higher education and distinct state systems such as in California offer comparative models for UK higher education. This essay provides a comparative analysis of US and UK higher education, followed by a description of the development, and contemporary structure of California’s system. California offers a broadly accessible network of colleges and universities that are highly differentiated, and that collectively offers multiple routes to a higher education program and degree. It has also proven highly efficient in costs to taxpayers and students. This model provides a lens for an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of UK higher education, and in particular the highly decentralised systems in England and Wales. But in looking to California for possible inspiration, a few words of caution are offered. California may provide ideas about differentiation, governance, access and cost containment. It does not, however, offer much in regard to the difficult process and politics of reorganising or modifying significantly developed higher education systems like that in the United Kingdom.
The link between ICTs and MDGs is currently a key subject for debate. This paper has drawn on a number of recent works including OECD/DAC (2004), GICT (2003), plans of UNICT Task force, among others. Many agencies are now focusing attention on the linkages between investment in ICTs and fulfilling the MDGs, and after many years of pilot projects the focus of ICT interventions seems to be in mainstreaming strategies. Given the number of recent papers, what is distinctive about this paper? This paper seeks to draw out the key messages from recent work, with due regard to the degree of confidence we have in those messages, and provide a challenging basis for discussion among donors on how best to take this work forward in an effective and co-ordinated way...
Poverty is widely recognised as multidimensional, encompassing food security, health, education, rights, security and dignity, amongst others. Whilst its resolution should also be multidimensional, in this paper we focus on one of the key factors – economic growth, and pro-poor economic growth in particular. The associated paper “The Contribution of ICTs to Achieving the MDGs” discusses the broader dimensions of poverty. This paper is intended to stimulate discussion regarding the potential contribution that ICTs have to make towards pro-poor growth...
This paper examines the linkages between housing markets and the business cycle in OECD countries, focusing on how differences in the degree of resilience to economic shocks can be affected by the structural characteristics of housing and mortgage markets. The paper focuses specifically on: the transmission channel from housing wealth to consumption and on the factors behind house price variability, which help to determine whether the housing sector plays a stabilising role or not.
This article reviews literature on changing environment and culture of European universities. First it considers: the pressures of globalisation and knowledge society on universities, the implication of emerging European higher education area, the demands confronting universities, the permeation of the public sector by market ideology and the restructuring the of relationship between universities and the state. Second, the article reviews developments at the university level: the meaning of the entrepreneurial culture, activities and structures specific to entrepreneurial universities as well as entrepreneurial university management. Finally, it addresses the issue of the contradictions between traditional academic values and the basic rules of the business world.
This article uses the OECD’s interlink model to explore several possible channels through which a narrowing of the US current account deficit could occur. The shocks considered include dollar depreciation, fiscal consolidation, and an improvement in the non-price competitiveness of US producers. A key conclusion is that shocks would have to be very large in order to materially reduce the US external deficit, largely because of the offsetting impact of second-round effects. In addition...
- Tous les pays de l’OCDE, à l’exception de quelques-uns, font état d’une pénurie d’infirmières. Etant donné que la demande d’infirmières va vraisemblablement augmenter encore et que l’offre devrait diminuer sous l’effet du vieillissement de cette population, la pénurie est susceptible de persister, voire de s’aggraver dans l’avenir si des mesures ne sont pas prises pour accroître les flux d’entrées dans la profession et réduire le nombre de sorties, ou pour augmenter la productivité des infirmières.
- Ce document présente une analyse de la pénurie d’infirmières que connaissent actuellement les pays de l’OCDE. Il rend compte des données disponibles sur ce phénomène et examine les différences entre pays dans le domaine de l’emploi infirmier. Il passe également en revue un certain nombre de facteurs qui agissent du côté de la demande et de l’offre et pourraient déterminer l’existence de futures pénuries d’infirmières et l’ampleur qu’elles auront. Afin d’apporter une solution à ce ...