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Switzerland’s innovation performance is among the best in the world. But further raising the level of innovation is of key importance for boosting Switzerland’s economic growth and maintaining high living standards in an increasingly globalised world. This comprehensive review suggests some reforms in innovation policy which would help to cope with this challenge.
Milan has earned a high-profile reputation as a centre of advanced functions, in addition to being an international capital of fashion and design. However, both internal and external challenges are putting strains on Milan’s aspiration to become a southern European and Mediterranean hub. This review highlights Milan’s potential to capitalise on its advanced services to bolster the regional innovation dynamics and to fuel national growth. It also points out that failure to accelerate the innovation process and to enhance the region’s attractiveness as well as its capacity to implement flagship projects could prove costly. Finally, it calls for rapid metropolitan governance reforms to design and to implement a competitiveness strategy for the entire metropolitan region.
Ce livre, préparé par des experts des pays membres de l'AEN, contient des données et des analyses relatives à la gestion et à la prolongation de la durée de vie des centrales nucléaires. Il couvre les aspects techniques, économiques et environnementaux et donne un aperçu des avantages et des défis associés à la gestion et à la prolongation de la durée de vie de ces centrales.
Il intéressera les décideurs et les cadres supérieurs du secteur électronucléaire et des agences gouvernementales chargées de la conception et de la mise en œuvre des programmes nucléaires. Les données et les informations sur les tendances actuelles relatives à la gestion de la durée de vie des centrales nucléaires seront utiles aux chercheurs et analystes dans le domaine de l'évaluation des systèmes électronucléaires.
This book investigates policy considerations in the taxation of capital gains of individuals and design features of capital gains tax systems. Perspectives on these are reported for 20 OECD countries. Descriptive information on aspects of capital tax rules for gains on domestic assets of resident investors are presented in summary tables covering all OECD countries.
Cet ouvrage apporte la preuve que l’affirmation de la puissance économique de la Chine et de l’Inde influence dès à présent les schémas de croissance des pays africains, particulièrement des pays exportateurs de pétrole et de produits de base. L’augmentation des cours mondiaux des produits de base aura certes des retombées positives sur les pays producteurs d’Afrique et du monde entier, mais d’autres paramètres entrent également en jeu. Certains pays d’Afrique délaissent aujourd’hui leurs partenaires traditionnels de l’OCDE au profit de la Chine et de l’Inde, que ce soit dans leurs échanges commerciaux, ou dans leurs autres formes de relations. Cet ouvrage analyse les conséquences de cette évolution et parvient à des conclusions surprenantes
L’évaluation environnementale stratégique (EES) est un des principaux outils propres à assurer l’intégration des principes du développement durable dans les politiques et programmes nationaux. Ce guide de bonnes pratiques expose les avantages de l’utilisation de l’évaluation environnementale stratégique dans le cadre de la coopération pour le développement et détaille les principales étapes de sa mise en œuvre. Y sont recensés 12 points d’ancrage pour l’application de l’EES à la coopération pour le développement. Pour chacun d’entre eux sont présentés des orientations, une liste de questions clés et des exemples concrets. Y sont également abordées les questions relatives à l’évaluation des processus d’EES et au renforcement des capacités dans le domaine de l’EES.
With a declining number of nuclear data evaluators in the world and an increasing demand for high-quality data, there is a risk that evaluators will concentrate on producing new nuclear data to the detriment of developing new models and methods for evaluating existing data. In this context, it is essential to identify the basic physics issues that are going to be important for future nuclear data evaluation processes. At the same time, demand for new types of data, which will be needed in emerging nuclear applications, could warrant new evaluation techniques that are presently only used in the context of fundamental research and not in nuclear data production. These proceedings present the main findings of the "Perspectives on Nuclear Data for the Next Decade" workshop, which explored innovative approaches to nuclear data evaluation with the aim of opening new perspectives, building new research programmes and investigating prospects for international collaboration.
Ce rapport expose les lignes directrices de l'OCDE sur le gouvernement des entreprises publiques des pays membres en comparant les grandes caractéristiques de chaque système national. Par ailleurs, il analyse la part de ces entreprises dans les pays de l'OCDE, la fonction de dirigeant d'entreprise, les rapports avec les parties prenantes autres que l'État, le rôle des parties prenantes dans le gouvernement d'entreprise, la transparence et la diffusion d'information, et enfin, le conseil d'administration.
Les tableaux qui figurent en annexe comparent les statuts juridiques respectifs, la transparence et la diffusion d'information, la composition et les fonctions du Conseil d'administration de ces entreprises publiques et enfin, la nomination et la rémunération des PDG à travers les pays membres.
Cet ouvrage étudie l’évolution de l’économie alimentaire en s’intéressant plus particulièrement aux incidences économiques de la concentration croissante du commerce de détail sur les consommateurs, les entreprises de transformation et les agriculteurs. Il examine le rapport de force sur le marché de la distribution et évalue la transmission des prix dans les filières bovine, porcine et avicole au Canada, au Japon, aux Pays-Bas et en République tchèque. Il propose par ailleurs trois études de cas consacrées aux stratégies de commercialisation des exploitations, portant respectivement sur : le rôle des marques - de distributeur et autres - dans la filière bovine et porcine en Belgique ; les associations de producteurs dans le secteur horticole néerlandais ; et l’élevage sous contrat dans le secteur de la production animale au sein de l’UE.
This report provides data on development aid for Basic Social Services (BSS) over the past decade (1995-2004). It opens with an analysis of trends in aid for basic social services that shows that it has more than doubled during the time period covered and now accounts for about 20% of total aid. The book then provides listings, on a receiving country-by-country basis, of specific commitments made during that period. The listings include information on the donor country, the donor agency, the type of aid, the amount of aid in US dollars, the project description, and information on whether the project has a gender equality or participatory development/good governance aspect.
Urban areas represent an important part of the national economy and feature higher GDP per capita and productivity levels than their country’s average. But they also harbour large pockets of unemployment and poverty and suffer from problems such as congestion, pollution and crime. This book examines whether they are sustainable in the long term and what needs to be done to keep these engines of economic growth running smoothly. A synthesis report based on OECD metropolitan reviews and a database of 78 metro regions, this report examines cities performance within their countries and addresses key issues such as competitiveness and social cohesion, intergovernmental relationships, and urban finance.
“This is a 'must read' publication, not only for those who already believe in the key importance of urban policy, but even more so for those who remain to be convinced.” Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón, Mayor of Madrid, Spain
"The most comprehensive examination of the territorial dimension underlying economic growth today."
Saskia Sassen, author of Territory, Authority, Rights: From Medieval to Global Assemblages (Princeton University Press 2006).
With the nation-state and the corporation seen as the world’s two competing economic and social units, the regional economy is often overlooked. It’s refreshing to see such detailed attention paid to its role as the real motor force of international growth.”
Richard Florida, author of The Flight of the Creative Class.
“This report on cities demonstrates that economic prosperity and social well-being are inseparable.”
Jean-Louis Borloo, Minister of Labour, Social Cohesion and Housing, France.
"A striking report that will force governments to reconsider their urban agenda".
Dr. Giulio Santagata, Minister of Government's Programmes, Italy.
This report provides invaluable advice for policy makers as our cities grapple with profound change."
David Crane, Columnist on Global Issues, The Toronto Star
Implementing tax policy in an increasingly globalised world is becoming more challenging for tax administrators. Recognizing this and the potential value of administrators working together to explore and agree approaches to key strategic issues, the Committee on Fiscal Affairs (CFA) established the Forum on Strategic Management in 1997. In 2002, the CFA reconstituted this Forum into the Forum on Tax Administration (FTA) with the objective of further increasing its focus on domestic tax administration matters. Coinciding with the creation of the FTA, a number of Sub-groups were established to deal with specific aspects of tax administration — compliance and taxpayer services...
While women account for more than half of university graduates in several OECD countries, they receive only 30% of tertiary degrees granted in science and engineering fields. This publication presents the proceedings of a recent international workshop to assess the underlying causes behind the low participation of women in scientific careers, especially at senior levels, and to identify good practice policies to attract, recruit and retain women in scientific careers in public and private research.
Land links between Europe and Asia can offer a viable alternative to sea transport. However, the provision of efficient land links between Europe and Asia requires appropriate policy decisions on issues such as the development of adequate infrastructure and the removal of regulatory or institutional barriers that prevent the development of efficient transport services. This publication features the recommendations approved by the Ministers and the “Report on Trends in Europe-Asia Trade and Consequences for Transport." It also includes the plan of action approved by Ministers to facilitate intermodal transport between Europe and Asia and the conclusions of a previous seminar in Kiev on “Intermodal Transport between Europe and Asia: Opportunities and Challenges”.
Markets for many classes of potentially recyclable materials are growing. However, market failures and barriers are constraining some markets. Factors such as information failures, technological externalities, and market power can affect the prices, quantity, and quality of materials traded. This report presents the case for the use of 'industrial' policies which address such market failures and barriers and these policies are seen as complements to more traditional environmental policies. Indeed, encouraging ever-higher recycling rates in the absence of such complementary measures may impose very high social welfare costs. This publication covers in particular the markets for waste oils, waste plastics, and used rubber tyres.