1887

Browse by: "PRE-2003"

Index

Title Index

Year Index

/search?value51=igo%2Foecd&value6=2002&sortDescending=true&sortDescending=true&value5=1850&value53=status%2F50+OR+status%2F100&value52=theme%2Foecd-45&value7=&value2=&value4=subtype%2Freport+OR+subtype%2Fbook+OR+subtype%2FissueWithIsbn&value3=&fmt=ahah&publisherId=%2Fcontent%2Figo%2Foecd&option3=&option52=pub_themeId&sortField=prism_publicationDate&sortField=prism_publicationDate&option4=dcterms_type&option53=pub_contentStatus&option51=pub_igoId&option2=&operator60=NOT&option7=&option60=dcterms_type&value60=subtype%2Fbookseries&option5=year_from&option6=year_to&page=5&page=5
  • 27 Oct 1999
  • OECD
  • Pages: 88

In many OECD countries, issues in fiscal federalism feature prominently in the political debate. Policy discussions in this area should preferably be supported by internationally comparable statistical information on fiscal relations between levels of government, both in the areas of taxation and spending. The annual OECD Revenue Statistics publication reports tax revenues by sub-sector of general government. However, it does not indicate the degree of control state and local governments exercise over their tax revenues. Because such data are not available on an internationally comparable level from other sources, the OECD has developed a framework to assess and analyze the degree of control that sub-central governments have over their taxes.

Results shown in this book serve to illustrate the great variety in tax autonomy at the level of sub-central government. This volume contains a description of fiscal relations in most of the nineteen countries concerned and it provides a set of detailed tables for each country, with revenues split by 1) level of sub-central government; 2) OECD classification of taxes; and 3) category of tax autonomy, following the framework developed by the Working Party on Tax Policy Analysis and Tax Statistics.

French
  • 20 Oct 1999
  • OECD
  • Pages: 312

Data on government sector receipts, and on taxes in particular, are basic inputs to most structural economic descriptions and economic analyses and are increasingly used in international comparisons. This annual publication provides a conceptual framework to define which government receipts should be regarded as taxes and to classify different types of taxes. It presents a unique set of detailed and internationally comparable tax data in a common format for all OECD countries from 1965 onwards. This year's edition presents three special features on tax revenues in OECD countries. The first feature details taxes of sub-central levels of government by the degree of autonomy that local, regional and state governments have over their taxes. The second special feature explains why tax-to-GDP ratios should be interpreted with caution. The third feature discusses the impact of revised GDP figures on reported tax levels.

Table des matières

Réforme de la réglementation, démantèlement des monopoles et privatisation : vers des politiques cohérentes avec la politique de la concurrence 7 Joanna Shelton

Notification des fusions transnationales 27 Rapport du CLP

Courtoisie active 41 Rapport du CLP

Examen du droit et de la politique de la concurrence au Japon 85 Michael Wise

Droit et politique de la concurrence dans les pays baltes 167 John Clark

Autorités de la concurrence et responsables de la réglementation : leurs rôles respectifs 193
Synthèse 195 Note de référence 202 Gary Hewitt Aide-mémoire de la discussion 253 Contributions par pays 283

L'argument de l'efficience dans les accords horizontaux 285
Note de référence 287 John Clark Aide-mémoire de la discussion 297 Contributions par pays 304

English
  • 06 Oct 1999
  • OECD
  • Pages: 268

Drawing on the best of the recent work of the OECD Committee on Competition Law and Policy, this journal provides insight into the thinking of competition law enforcers while focusing on the practical application of competition law and policy. This issue includes articles on regulatory reform, demonopolisation and privatisation; transnational mergers; positive comity; competition law and policy in Japan and in the Baltics; the relationship between competition and regulatory authorities; and efficiency claims.

French

Ce bilan des expériences d'un grand nombre de pays Membres et non membres de l'OCDE en matière de décentralisation budgétaire est riche d'enseignements pour les deux groupes de pays. Il en ressort que le groupe des pays non membres de l'OCDE semble souvent confondre décentralisation fiscale et suppression du contrôle par les autorités centrales des finances infranationales. C'est une erreur ; une telle équation peut conduire à des comportements budgétairement irresponsables de la part des autorités locales, à une détérioration des situations budgétaires aux deux niveaux, et à un surcroît de coût en raison de l'existence d'institutions faisant double-emploi. Autre conclusion, on n'a pas accordé suffisamment d'attention aux mesures à prendre pour augmenter les recettes des collectivités locales, par opposition aux transferts émanant d'autres niveaux d'administration.
La question de la décentralisation budgétaire dans les économies émergentes revêt une importance particulière parce qu'elle découle en partie d'un désir d'améliorer la démocratie et la responsabilisation à l'échelle locale. Toutefois, la répartition des responsabilités doit s'effectuer dans une atmosphère de transparence, et une bonne rationalisation des choix budgétaires suppose des compétences techniques. Il faut accorder une grande attention à l'approvisionnement des revenus et au contrôle efficace des dépenses. Enfin, les dépenses locales doivent correspondre aux revenus disponibles sans faire pression sur les ressources de l'administration centrale.

English

Environmental taxes are receiving growing interest world-wide. From an environmental perspective, a key driver has been the search for more efficient and cost-effective approaches for implementing domestic environmental policies. From a fiscal policy perspective, growing pressures have been exerted to reduce income tax rates and to offset this by broadening the tax base. These reforms provide opportunities to introduce new environmental taxes in a revenue-neutral manner and simultaneously to achieve environmental and fiscal policy objectives.

This volume presents recent developments in designing and implementing environmental taxes in China and OECD countries. Key challenges and opportunities are highlighted, including the role of removing or reforming existing distortionary subsidies that are damaging to the environment; restructuring existing taxes; and introducing new environmental taxes. The papers, which were presented at an OECD Workshop held in October 1998, provide the reader with a unique comparative analysis.

L'application des conventions fiscales aux cas impliquant des sociétés de personnes soulève un certain nombre de questions complexes. Dans quelles circonstances une société de personnes a-t-elle le droit de bénéficier des dispositions d'une convention fiscale ? Que se passe-t-il lorsque l'Etat de la résidence et l'Etat de la source appliquent des articles différents de la convention en vertu des spécificités de leurs droits internes ? Comment résoudre les problèmes d'imputation de revenu ?
Ce rapport explore ces questions en s'appuyant sur des exemples précis. Chaque exemple comporte une description des faits et, le cas échéant, des dispositions applicables de la législation fiscale interne. On trouvera également dans cet ouvrage des recommandations précises sur la façon de régler les problèmes pratiques de fiscalité internationale liés aux sociétés de personnes.

English

The application of tax treaties to cases involving partnerships raises a number of complex issues. When is a partnership entitled to the benefits of a tax convention? What happens when the residence and source States apply different articles of the Convention on the basis of differences in their domestic law? How can the problems arising from conflicts of income allocation be solved? This report addresses these issues in detail and focuses on specific factual examples. For each example, the facts and, where applicable, relevant aspects of domestic tax laws are described. Comprehensive recommendations for dealing with the international taxation of partnerships in practice are also presented.

French
  • 01 Jun 1999
  • OECD
  • Pages: 100

This publication provides information about VAT and excise duty rates (for alcoholic beverages, mineral oil products and tobacco products) across the OECD. It also describes a range of taxation provisions in OECD countries such as the taxation of motor vehicles and outlines the preliminary findings of a study of taxes on environmentally relevant goods currently in progress.

French
  • 04 May 1999
  • OECD
  • Pages: 164

Drawing on the best of the recent work of the OECD Committee on Competition Law and Policy, this journal provides insight into the thinking of competition law enforcers while focusing on the practical application of competition law and policy. This issue includes articles on the Asian and Russian economic crises, competition policy and international rules, competition policy in the Netherlands, the failing firm defence, and film distribution.

French

Table des matières

Les crises économiques asiatiques et russes: le rôle de la corruption, des réseaux informels, de la discrimination et des incitations biaisées; le rôle de la politique de la concurrence
Introduction Terry Winslow
Politique de la concurrence et crise économique asiatique Frédéric Jenny
Remédier à la crise économique russe: marchés ouverts, confiance publique, opportunité et politique de la concurrence Sarah J. Reynolds
Politique de la concurrence: va-t-on vers des règles internationales? Joanna R. Shelton
Examen du droit et de la politique de la concurrence aux pays-bas Michael Wise
La défense des entreprises défaillantes - Note de référence Gary Hewitt, Aide-mémoire de la discussion, Contributions des pays
La distribution de films - Note de référence Patricia Heriard-Dubreuil, Aide-mémoire de la discussion, Contributions des pays

English

The past decade has witnessed a significant increase in cross-border capital flows and a pronounced shift in their composition towards portfolio investment, with much of the capital under management by mutual funds or "collective investment institutions" resident in OECD countries, as well as in offshore tax-free environments. These developments motivate countries to review and monitor the operation of their tax rules in this area, notably the interaction of domestic tax rules with tax systems and practices in other countries, to ensure that policy goals are being addressed.

This book analyses the taxation of cross-border portfolio investments by means of collective investment institutions. Possible tax distortions specific to the area of collective investment institutions are identified for a representative group of OECD countries. The analysis and calculations contained in the book, while illustrative and not capturing the full richness of the possible permutations under tax regimes, draw out key tax distortions, neutrality conditions and policy options.

French
  • 22 Apr 1999
  • OECD Development Centre
  • Pages: 248
 

This collection of experiences of fiscal decentralisation across a wide range of OECD-Member and non-member economies reveals lessons which are equally of relevance to both groups of countries. A major finding is that fiscal decentralisation is often confused in the latter group of countries with the removal of central-government control over subnational finances. This is a mistake; it may lead to fiscal irresponsibility on the part of local authorities, deteriorating fiscal positions at both levels, and high costs due to duplication of fiscal institutions. The book also finds that insufficient attention has been given to local revenue generation, as opposed to intergovernmental transfers.
The issue of fiscal decentralisation in emerging economies is particularly important, because it arises, in part, from a desire to enhance democracy and local accountability. However, the devolution of responsibilities must take place in an atmosphere of transparency, where the local expertise exists to manage budgeting. Serious consideration must be given to revenue sourcing and effective expenditure control. Finally, local spending must match available revenues without becoming an additional strain on central government resources.

French
  • 11 Mar 1999
  • OECD
  • Pages: 379
This annual publication provides unique information on direct taxes levied from employees and their employers in all OECD Member countries. In addition, the book specifies family benefits paid as cash transfers. Amounts of taxes and benefits are detailed program by program, for eight household types, which differ by income level and household composition. Results include the tax burden for one- and two- earner families.
  • 08 Feb 1999
  • OECD
  • Pages: 232

Drawing on the best of the recent work of the OECD Committee on Competition Law and Policy, this journal provides insight into the thinking of competition law enforcers while focusing on the practical application of competition law and policy. This issue includes articles on competition law and policy in the United States, competition law in the courts, the role of economics in competition cases, judicial review and enforcement of competition cases, and competition in railroads.

French

Table des matieres
Introduction 7 Frédéric Jenny
Examen du droit et de la politique de la concurrence aux États-Unis 9 Michael Wise
Le droit de la concurrence dans les instances judiciaires 87 Synthèse 88 Le rôle de la science économique et des économistes dans les affaires de concurrence Hon. John S. Lockhart 96 Le rôle de la science économique et des économistes dans les affaires de concurrence Hon Diane P. Wood 99 Examen judiciaire des affaires de concurrence Hon. William P. Mckeown et Hon. Marshall E. Rohstein 125 La mise en oeuvre judiciaire du droit de la concurrence John W. Clark 148 Contributions supplémentaires 160
Développements récents des droits et politiques nationales de concurence 161 John W. Clark et Hélène Chadzynska
La concurrence et les chemins de fer 173 Synthèse 174 Aide-Mémoire de la discussion 187 Chemins de fer : réglementation, structure et concurrence Christopher A. Nash et Jeremy P. Toner 227 Contributions des pays 262

English

This is the first study of the Value-Added Tax (VAT) systems of the ten countries of Central and Eastern Europe preparing for integration into the European Union (EU). The study offers a comparative evaluation of the main features of the VAT systems between the ten countries surveyed and provides a commentary on the development of the VAT systems in line with the VAT legislation of the EU.

Cette publication est la troisième édition de la version abrégée d'une autre publication de l'OCDE intitulée Modèle de Convention fiscale concernant la revenu et la fortune, disponible sous feuillets mobiles, afin de permettre une mise à jour annuelle. Cette version abrégée contient le texte intégral du Modèle de Convention fiscale tel qu'il se lisait au 1er juin 1998, incluant les positions des pays Membres et de certains pays non membres, mais excluant les notes historiques et les annexes 1 et 2 qui reproduisent une liste détaillée des conventions fiscales conclues entre les pays Membres de l'OCDE ainsi que le texte de la Recommandation du 23 octobre 1997.

English

This publication is the third edition of the condensed version of another OECD publication entitled Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital, which is produced in a loose-leaf format to accommodate yearly updates. This shorter version contains the full text of the Model Tax Convention as it read on 1st June 1998, including the Member and certain non-member countries' positions on it, but omits the historical notes, the OECD Reports and Annexes 1 and 2, which include a detailed list of tax conventions between OECD Member countries and the text of the Recommendation of 23 October 1997.

French
  • 17 Jul 1998
  • OECD
  • Pages: 64

Les indemnités de chômage et les prestations sociales annexes visent à aider les personnes privées d'emploi à ne pas tomber dans la pauvreté, mais en même temps, elles les découragent dans une certaine mesure de travailler. Tel est l'un des grands dilemmes que la politique sociale doit résoudre. Dans cette publication est analysée pour la première fois l'interaction complexe qui s'exerce entre système d'imposition et système de prestations sociales pour des catégories de familles et des situations professionnelles très diverses. Grâce à cet ouvrage, le lecteur pourra connaître avec précision les caractéristiques des systèmes d'imposition et de prestations qui ont un effet de contre-incitation au travail; tout l'éventail des prestations offertes aux personnes sans emploi et les impôts qu'elles acquittent y sont comparés avec le revenu qu'elles pourraient avoir si elles travaillaient. Dans certains pays, le revenu lié à l'emploi n'est guère plus élevé que les prestations servies à ces personnes. Il arrive aussi que le montant de certaines prestations soit réduit à mesure que le salaire augmente, si bien qu'il est moins tentant pour les bénéficiaires de chercher à progresser sur le plan professionnel. Les familles qui connaissent le chômage et subissent ces effets démobilisateurs peuvent finir par s'enfermer dans cette situation et risquent alors de se voir exclues du marché du travail.

English
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error