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The use of high power particle accelerators in various areas of applied nuclear science is presented with special emphasis on accelerator driven reactor systems (ADS) for transmutation of nuclear waste. National programmes for the development of spallation neutron sources are presented and the performance and reliability of existing or planned accelerators for use in ADS are discussed. Effects, such as thermal shocks and material resistance, on the reactor part of an ADS from loss of accelerator beam are discussed in greater detail.

  • 04 Oct 2022
  • International Energy Agency
  • Pages: 154

Uzbekistan’s broad economic reforms were expanded to cover energy in 2019 when the government launched a multiphase transition from the state-owned and -operated and subsidised energy sector model to competitive gas, oil and electricity markets with significant private-sector participation and cost-covering energy prices.

The reform plans to diversify the country’s energy supply, which domestic natural gas continues to dominate in all sectors, including transport. Natural gas exports will be phased out by 2025 and the gas will be used increasingly to expand petrochemicals production, while Uzbekistan’s significant but unexploited solar and wind resources will be harnessed to help build a cleaner power sector to 2030. While energy use per capita is low, the country’s economy remains one of the most energy-intensive in the world, and massive potential remains to improve energy efficiency through incentives and mandates.

This report is intended to help guide Uzbekistan towards a more secure, sustainable and efficient energy future.It proposes several ways to support the government in its reform efforts. The gradual transition to competitive markets and withdrawal of subsidies should be accompanied by support measures for those most in need. For the reform to succeed, an independent and well-resourced energy regulator is also necessary. Furthermore, the financial imbalances in the state-owned energy companies must be addressed and their re emergence avoided.

For the long term, as Uzbekistan’s population, cities and economy are projected to grow strongly, a cross-sectoral approach is required to limit the increase in energy demand and energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.

  • 12 Jul 2023
  • OECD
  • Pages: 144

EU Funded Note

Questo rapporto offre una panoramica sul sistema di pianificazione delle infrastrutture verdi e sull’uso di soluzioni basate sulla natura in Italia. Identifica le sfide e le criticita’ principali per la loro realizzazione e delinea una serie di raccomandazioni volte a promuovere l’utilizzo di questi due strumenti a diversi livelli di governo. Il rapporto analizza anche quattro casi di studio individuati in accordo con il Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti: il Nodo Verde di Bari, la linea M4 della rete metropolitana di Milano, la diga di Ridracoli in Emilia-Romagna e la linea ferroviaria Bicocca-Catenanuova.

English
  • 14 Sept 2022
  • OECD, CAF Development Bank of Latin America
  • Pages: 209

Los gobiernos pueden utilizar la inteligencia artificial (IA) para diseñar mejores políticas, tomar decisiones más acertadas y específicas y mejorar la comunicación con los ciudadanos y la calidad de los servicios públicos. La región de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) está tratando de aprovechar el potencial de la IA para promover la transformación digital del sector público. La OCDE, en colaboración con CAF, Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina, preparó este informe para entender la línea base de acciones estratégicas y capacidades para la IA en el sector público; identificar los enfoques y acciones específicas para usar esta tecnología en la construcción de gobiernos eficientes, eficaces y receptivos; e impulsar la colaboración en la búsqueda de una visión regional para la IA en el sector público. Este informe incorpora un balance de las estrategias y compromisos de cada país en torno a la IA en el sector público, incluyendo su alineación con los Principios de IA de la OCDE. También incluye un análisis de los esfuerzos realizados para crear capacidades clave de gobernanza y poner en marcha los facilitadores críticos de la IA en el sector público. Concluye con una serie de recomendaciones para los gobiernos de ALC.

English
  • 11 Dec 2008
  • OECD, International Atomic Energy Agency
  • Pages: 506

電力需要の高まりを受けて、複数の国が原子力発電所を建設中であり、それよりはるかに多くの国が 発電での原子力利用を検討している現在、ウラン産業は大きな注目を浴びている。ウラン価格は需要の高まりと在庫減少によって近年急騰した。その結果ウラン産業は、20 年を越える過少投資の時代に 終止符を打ち、華々しい隆盛期を再び迎えつつある。OECD 原子力機関と国際原子力機関が共同で作成している「レッドブック」は、ウランに関する参考資料として世界で認められた冊子である。レッドブックは 40 ヵ国から集めた公式情報に基づいている。今回の第 22 版は2007 年1 月1 日時点における世界のウラン需給を総合的に検討しているほか、世界におけるウランの探鉱、資源量、生産量、原子炉関連の必要量についてのデータを示している。また アフリカ、オーストラリア、中央アジア、東欧、北米における主要なウラン生産センターについての重要な新情報を提示している。さらに 2030 年までの原子力発電容量および原子炉関連ウラン需要の予 測を掲載したほか、長期的なウラン需給の問題についても分析を加えている。

French, English

The Public Management Occasional Papers are specialised reports prepared for the work of the OECD's Public Management Committee. Member countries are increasingly financing government services through user charging. The objective of user charging is not only to achieve cost recovery from users, but also to make government services more effective and efficient. This report presents the OECD Best Practice Guidelines for User Charging for Government Services and accompanying case studies.

Government consumption of products and services in OECD Member countries is estimated to be responsible for 9 to 25% of GDP. Given the importance of public purchasing, national and local authorities have been paying increasing attention to the opportunities to improve the environment by selecting environmentally sounder products. This publication describes the successes, the efforts and the difficulties encountered within Member countries by focusing on the role and concerns of the officials that operate purchasing. Also, it shows how greener public purchasing can support a number of other crucial policy objectives such as the reduction of government operating costs, the improvement of governance, and the reduction of greenhouse gases.

English, French

En la primera publicación conjunta de las Naciones Unidas, la OCDE, el Banco Mundial y el FMI, las 4 principales instituciones mundiales para el desarrollo evalúan el progreso hacia los objetivos de reducción de la pobreza y llegar a un convenio para adelantar en el futuro. Los objetivos de desarrollo internacional se refieren al más apremiante de los anhelos humanos: un mundo sin pobreza y libre de la aflicción que ésta genera. El presente informe se centra en siete objetivos que, de alcanzarse en los 15 próximos años, mejorarán la vida de millones de personas. En palabras e imágenes, con cifras y gráficos, describe cuánto se ha avanzado, qué se ha logrado y qué hay que hacer para alcanzar esos objetivos.

English, French
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