Browse by: "I"
Index
Title Index
Year Index
What are the trends in the iron and steel industry in 1998 for OECD countries, for certain central and eastern European countries in transition and for the New Independent States? This annual publication provides statistical tables showing steel production, consumption and trade data, as well as other indicators of activity such as employment levels, annual investment expenditures by sector and by country, export prices, domestic prices and indices for certain iron and steel products.
Indicators of Industrial Activity provides an overall view of short-term economic developments in different industries for OECD countries* and main economic groupings (European Union, OECD Europe, North America, G7 and OECD-Total). The statistics are classified by category and division of economic activities following the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC Revision 3). It presents indices of output, deliveries, new orders, prices and employment. They are published as indices on a 1995 = 100 base. Various qualitative data from business tendency surveys carried out in OECD countries are also included.
COUNTRIES COVERED* Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States
The rights of students with disabilities to be educated in their local mainstream school is becoming more and more accepted in most countries, and many reforms are being put in place to achieve this goal. Further, there is no reason to segregate disabled students in public education systems; instead, education systems need to be reconsidered to meet the needs of all students. Based on in-depth analysis of inclusive practice in eight countries, this book addresses the issues that arise for such practices to be successful. The most detailed international comparative study ever carried out, this book shows that all students, whatever the type and extent of their disability, can be successfully included in mainstream schools, as long as certain safeguards are ensured.
Nine areas emerge as being of crucial importance: funding models, systems of public accountability for schools, pupil assessment, curriculum development, adult-to-student ratios, the role of classroom assistants, the functioning of support services, the training of teachers and other professionals and community and parental involvement. The country case studies are complemented by comprehensive annexes describing how teachers can be most efficiently prepared for special education, and developing a procedure for cost-effectiveness analysis of special education.
This annual publication provides statistical tables showing steel production, consumption and trade data, as well as other indicators of activity such as employment levels, annual investment expenditures by sector and by country, export prices, domestic prices and indices for certain iron and steel products. Coverage is provided for the OECD countries, certain countries of central and eastern Europe, and for certain New Independent States.
Congestion in cities is a problem of growing importance. New infrastructure for transport however often gives rise to conflicts about how the cost of new services will be met by the public, and about how the demand for travel can be reconciled with efforts to improve the social and environmental quality of life in cities. Unless these conflicts can be managed, public-private partnerships for investment in new infrastructure will be handicapped. The way forward requires a mix of strategies involving better information and communication with the public, better design of projects to take social and environmental objectives into account, a more comprehensive approach to urban development rather than a sectoral strategy, and a better exchange of expertise between private and public sectors.
This book is based on a series of case studies of both successes and failures in countries such as Australia, Japan, the United States, France and the United Kingdom. To inform this major debate and help design new strategies for transport integration in the city, this book puts forward the most promising ways to: - respond to urban travel problems; - enhance public/private partnership; and - raise social acceptability of urban transport infrastructure and road tolls.
Information technology (IT) is significantly affecting the economy, the growth and structure of output, occupations and employment and how people use their time. The OECD Information Technology Outlook 2000 describes the rapid growth in the supply and demand for information technology goods and services and their role in the expanding Internet economy and looks at emerging uses of information technology. It reflects the spread and diversity of a technology that is underpinning economic and social transformation. It makes use of the new official national sources of data which are becoming available as statistical mapping of the information economy improves.
This sixteenth edition of Industrial Structure Statistics is in two parts. Volume 1 provides official annual data for detailed industrial sectors (manufacturing, non-manufacturing, and construction) as well as for detailed service sectors, covering such variables as production, value added, employment, investment, exports, imports, wages and salaries, number of establishments and hours worked. Eight years' data are shown up to 1997. The series are derived from business surveys, foreign trade data or national accounts. Data are classified according to both versions of ISIC and are shown in two parts (45 tables in ISIC Revision 2 and 266 tables in ISIC Revision 3). An annex presents qualitative information on national sources and definitions. Volume 2 presents annual energy consumption data in manufacturing sectors. Over the last 25 years, energy consumption has become just as important as energy supply for policy makers. There is a need for energy efficiency indicators and data to monitor developments in energy consumption and energy efficiency trends as they affect the environment. In order to analyse energy use and energy efficiency, it is essential to have disaggregated industry level consumption data. The Information System on Industrial Structures (ISIS) Energy Data Programme provides such data. The energy data presented in Volume 2 were mostly collected during the Pilot phase of the project. Time series of annual energy consumption are provided at the disaggregated manufacturing industry level for most of the OECD countries (and the Slovak Republic) from 1990 to 1998 where available. Please note that Volume 2 is in English only.
It is now widely agreed that learning is pivotal in the "knowledge societies" of today and, still more, of tomorrow. It is also widely agreed that schools have a key role to play in laying the foundations for lifelong learning for all of us. But, how well are these aims being met? How innovative are schools as institutions? And what are some of the most promising examples across OECD countries from which we can learn?
This volume addresses these questions, drawing on a major OECD/Japan conference which was held in Hiroshima and attended by experts from 24 countries and a "virtual" conference conducted in parallel. It presents key trends and policy challenges regarding schools for today and tomorrow, from European traditions across to the different perspectives of the Asia-Pacific region, with a particular focus on Japan. Alongside expert chapters are the innovative schools themselves, with examples taken and synthesised from many of the countries that attended the Hiroshima conference. The volume addresses issues of curriculum, innovation and the achievement of lifelong learning in the schools of tomorrow.
Driven by technological change, global competition and the ongoing liberalisation of markets, international direct investment plays a key role in the process of global economic integration. Reliable and up-to-date statistics are essential for a meaningful interpretation of investment trends for the purpose of policy analysis and decision. Internationally comparable data makes it possible to measure the degree of economic integration and competitiveness of markets. This volume contains a complete series of foreign direct investment (FDI) statistics in a standardised format combining sectoral and geographical breakdowns for flow and stock data for all OECD countries. Technical notes explain the methodology of data collection used in each country.
The use of tradable permit systems for the protection of the environment is attracting growing interest in many countries and on the international scene. While the United States’ practice has been extensively analysed, relatively little is known of experiments in other countries. This book reviews the issues related to the implementation of domestic tradable permits systems in different areas (air, water, land) and in several OECD countries. It addresses key questions such as : what lessons can be drawn from existing experience? Why has the introduction of tradable permits failed in some instances? How can tradable permits be combined with other policy instruments such as taxes? What are the competitiveness implications of tradable permit systems? Not only should the lessons drawn from existing experience help the further use of domestic systems, it should also provide helpful insights for the possible implementation of tradable permits at the international level, in particular for managing greenhouse gases.
The taxation of professional services and other activities of an independent character under Article 14 of the OECD Model Tax Convention is problematic. For example, what activities and entities fall within Article 14 as opposed to the business profits Article (Article 7)? Is the distinction between those activities and entities satisfactory and easy to apply? What are the practical differences between taxation under Article 7 and 14? This report analyses those questions in detail and concludes that there is no practical difference between the two Articles or if any differences did in fact exist, there is no valid policy justification for them. It recommends that Article 14 be eliminated from the Model and describes the changes that would need to be made to the Articles and Commentary of the Model as a consequence.
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development has long been recognised as one of the international community’s premier economic organisations. Less well known is its extensive work and achievements in the field of environment.
Written by a former Director of Environment, this book describes the origins and evolution of the Organisation’s environmental work as well as its contributions to the resolution of major environmental issues which OECD Member nations have confronted over the second half of the Twentieth Century (e.g, acid rain, ozone depletion, chemical safety, hazardous waste management, and reconciliation of economic growth and environmental protection objectives). The author also sets out some of the key challenges that the OECD faces in maintaining a leadership role in international environmental affairs in the next millennium.
Enhanced energy technology is the key to ensuring environmental sustainability together with economic growth and energy security. In the drive to develop cleaner, more efficient energy technologies, what role does international collaboration play? This publication provides an array of success stories illustrating how the International Energy Agency’s collaborative framework for energy technology development has speeded advances towards more comprehensive solutions. In coal combustion sciences, for example, one project generated equipment sales worth over $400 million in one participating country alone. More than 30 countries world-wide participate in the programme, which mobilises close to $150 million annually. Costs and resources are shared among participating governments, utilities, industries and universities, thus ensuring maximum yield from research budgets and avoiding unproductive duplication of effort. The technology collaboration programme operates through agreements among governments. The 40 currently active agreements focus on the dissemination of energy technology information, cleaner use of fossil fuels, development of renewable energy sources and systems, more efficient energy use and nuclear fusion technologies.
The integration of European inland transport markets is a topical issue that has generated a great deal of activity in recent years. The integration of transport markets is a fundamental condition for the development of trade relations and economic activity.
This book is an essential tool for all transport professionals. It looks at the most recent transport and investment trends. It then examines the pan-European process of legal harmonisation and adjustment of transport systems and analyses emerging trade and transport links between Europe and Asia. Obstacles at border crossings for international road and rail goods transport are also dealt with along with ways of combating crime in transport. Lastly, the topical issue of public-private partnerships in transport infrastructure financing is tackled and conclusions are presented.
What is the current state of development of institutional investors in Latin America? What are the requirements of the financial infrastructure and the regulatory framework to encourage the growth of the institutional sector in Latin America? What policy expertise can Latin America and OECD countries share to benefit from each other’s experience in broadening the role of institutional investors? These questions were addressed during the Santiago workshop on "Institutional Investors in Latin America", organised in September 1999 by the OECD through its Centre for Co-operation with Non-Members and the Commission of the European Union in co-operation with the Chilean Government. This set of texts can constitute a reference work on institutional investment for policy makers and experts in the public sector, actors in the private sector, and academics in both emerging market economies and OECD countries.
Indicators of Industrial Activity provides an overall view of short-term economic developments in different industries for OECD countries* and main economic groupings (European Union, OECD Europe, North America, G7 and OECD-Total). The statistics are classified by category and division of economic activities following the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC Revision 3). It presents indices of output, deliveries, new orders, prices and employment. They are published as indices on a 1995 = 100 base. Various qualitative data from business tendency surveys carried out in OECD countries are also included.
COUNTRIES COVERED* Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States
Institutional investors (insurance companies, investment companies and pension funds) are major collectors of savings and suppliers of funds to financial markets. The role of institutional investors as financial intermediaries and their impact on investment strategies has grown significantly over recent years along with deregulation and globalisation of financial markets. This publication provides a unique set of comprehensive statistics on institutional saving and investment in the OECD area.
A large number of people with mobility handicaps have difficulty using transport systems and this number will increase significantly over the coming decades. It is therefore essential that transport infrastructure and systems are designed and built to cater for their needs.
This publication sets out key principles and guidelines for making all transport modes and related infrastructure more accessible. In addition, it provides examples and illustrations of good practice from many different countries.
It is intended to help policy makers, planners, architects, and others working in this field, improve accessibility for people with mobility handicaps.