1887

Seychelles

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The Seychelles Republic comprises an archipelago of 115 islands in the Western Indian Ocean, northwest of Madagascar far from African coast. The islands like Madagascar, Mauritius or Reunion, are isolated in the Indian Ocean, away from commercial ways.

French

La République des Seychelles est constituée d’un archipel de 115 îles situées dans l’océan Indien occidentale, au nord-ouest de Madagascar et loin des côtes de l’Afrique. Comme Madagascar, Maurice ou la Réunion, à l’écart des routes commerciales, ces îles sont isolées dans l’océan Indien. Ensemble, elles représentent une superficie de 455 km2. La plus grande, Mahé (144 km2), est granitique. D’autres îles, dont le plus grand atoll du monde (Aldabra), sont coralliennes. La population s’élevait en 2001 à 81 200 habitants, dont 99 % vivent sur les trois plus grandes îles (Mahé, Praslin et La Digue). L’espérance de vie se situe actuellement à 68.6 ans pour les hommes et à 74.7 ans pour les femmes. L’illettrisme touche 58 % de la population. L’archipel est équipé de 13 petits aéroports, qui s’ajoutent à l’aéroport international de Point Larue. Le plus grand port se trouve à Victoria. Les Seychelles ont acquis leur indépendance en 1976 et, en 1992, une nouvelle constitution instituant le multipartisme est entrée en vigueur.

English

Seychelles: Stock of Total External Debt (percentage of GDP) and Debt Service (percentage of exports of goods and services) appears in African Economic Outlook 2009.

Seychelles:Current Account (percentage of GDP at current prices) appears in African Economic Outlook 2009.

Seychelles: Demand Composition appears in African Economic Outlook 2009.

Seychelles: Public Finances (percentage of GDP at current prices) appears in African Economic Outlook 2009.

Seychelles: GDP by Sector in 2007 (percentage) appears in African Economic Outlook 2009.

Seychelles: Real GDP Growth and Per Capita GDP (USD/PPP at current prices) appears in African Economic Outlook 2009.

GROWTH IN THE SEYCHELLES SLOWED sharply in 2008, falling to an estimated 1.5 per cent, down from 5.5 per cent in 2007. The country suffered a severe balance of payments and debt crisis in 2008 brought on by unsustainable macroeconomic policies and imbalances that were exacerbated by external shocks. After defaulting on sovereign bond repayments in October 2008, the Seychellois authorities sought IMF assistance and an emergency stand-by agreement was reached conditional on the immediate implementation of a comprehensive fiscal reform programme. The reforms aim at fundamentally restructuring the country’s policy framework and public sector, one of the most significant of these being the floating of the rupee and the lifting of all foreign exchange controls, implemented in November 2008. In 2009, GDP is expected to contract by 0.4 per cent due to the huge reductions in government spending implicit in the reform package and a drop in tourism earnings brought on by the global economic recession. However, projections for 2010 forecast a recovery as an improved global economic climate revives tourism and foreign investment and lifts GDP growth to 2.9 per cent.

French

EN 2008, LE RYTHME DE LA CROISSANCE a fortement chuté, passant à 1.5 pour cent (estimation) contre 5.5 pour cent en 2007. La balance des paiements et la dette ont dérapé, à la suite d’une politique macro-économique insoutenable et des déséquilibres exacerbés par des chocs exogènes. En octobre 2008, les Seychelles ont fait défaut sur le remboursement de leur dette souveraine. Les autorités ont sollicité l’assistance du Fonds monétaire international (FMI), et un accord de confirmation d’urgence a été conclu et conditionné à la mise en oeuvre immédiate d’une profonde réforme budgétaire, en vue d’une restructuration fondamentale des politiques publiques et du secteur public du pays. Parmi les mesures les plus importantes figurent le flottement de la roupie seychelloise (SCR) et la levée de tous les contrôles des changes, effectifs depuis novembre 2008. En 2009, le produit intérieur brut (PIB) devrait se contracter de 0.4 pour cent, sous l’effet d’une réduction massive des dépenses publiques induite dans le programme de réforme, et du recul des recettes touristiques résultant de la récession mondiale. Puis les projections tablent sur un redressement en 2010, car l’amélioration du climat économique mondial devrait redynamiser le tourisme et l’investissement étranger, portant la croissance du PIB à 2.9 pour cent.

English

En 2009, les deux moteurs de l'économie seychelloise, le tourisme et les exportations de poisson, se sont grippés, engendrant une baisse du produit intérieur brut (PIB) estimée à 6.8 % : le tourisme a décliné d'environ 12 % tandis que les recettes d'exportation du thon baissaient de quelque 8 %. L'industrie du thon a notamment été pénalisée par les récents changements climatiques et les actes de piraterie dans et autour des eaux territoriales du pays. Ce faisant, la prise totale de poisson s'est effondrée d'environ 50 % en 2009. Les Seychelles important plus de 90 % de leurs intrants de production primaire et secondaires totaux, toute répercussion négative sur le tourisme et la pêche se traduit par une baisse du PIB. L'économie est donc extrêmement vulnérable aux chocs extérieurs.

English

The Seychelles economy is driven by tourism and fish exports. In 2009 it experienced an estimated negative growth rate of 6.8% as a result of a decline in tourism and tuna export earnings, which fell by about 12% and 8% respectively. Furthermore, recent changes in the climate and piracy activities in and around its territorial waters have affected the tuna industry, with the total fish catch declining by about 50% in 2009. Seychelles also imports over 90% of its total primary and secondary production inputs. As a result, any negative impact on tourism and fishing translates into a fall in gross domestic product (GDP), a decline in foreign exchange receipts and budgetary difficulties. The economy is thus extremely vulnerable to external shocks.

French

The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing.

The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.  These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention.

The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard.

All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework.  Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.

All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.

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