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La edición 2024 de Panorama de las Administraciones Públicas: América Latina y el Caribe ofrece los datos disponibles más recientes sobre las administraciones públicas y su desempeño en la región de ALC y los compara con los países de la OCDE. Incluye indicadores sobre la confianza en las instituciones públicas y la satisfacción con los servicios públicos, así como evidencia sobre las prácticas de buen gobierno en áreas como la gobernanza del ciclo de políticas públicas, gobierno abierto, gobernanza regulatoria, prácticas y procedimientos presupuestarios, gestión de la contratación pública, planificación y ejecución de infraestructuras, y gobierno digital y datos abiertos gubernamentales. Por último, proporciona información sobre qué recursos utilizan las instituciones públicas y cómo se gestionan, incluidas las finanzas públicas, el empleo público y la gestión de los recursos humanos. Panorama de las Administraciones Públicas permite realizar comparaciones entre países y ayuda a identificar tendencias, mejores prácticas y áreas de mejora en el sector público. Los indicadores de gobernanza son especialmente útiles para el seguimiento y la evaluación comparativa del progreso de los gobiernos en sus reformas del sector público. Cada indicador de la publicación se presenta en un formato de fácil manejo, que consiste en gráficos o tablas que ilustran las variaciones de los países y a lo largo del tiempo, breves análisis descriptivos que destacan las principales conclusiones de los datos, y una sección metodológica sobre la definición del indicador y cualquier limitación en la comparabilidad de los datos.

English

L'economia mondiale ha dimostrato di essere resiliente nel 2023, ma alcuni segnali lasciano intravedere una riduzione della crescita, sulla scia degli effetti dell'inasprimento monetario che iniziano a farsi sentire. Si prevede che la crescita globale rimarrà contenuta nel 2024 e nel 2025, con l'inflazione che tornerà all'obiettivo nella maggior parte dei Paesi entro il 2025. I principali rischi a breve termine sono rappresentati dalle tensioni geopolitiche, soprattutto se il conflitto in Medio Oriente dovesse portare a interruzioni nei mercati dell'energia, e dalle incertezze sull'entità dell'impatto a lungo termine dell'aumento dei tassi di interesse.

Secondo il presente Rapporto intermedio la politica monetaria dovrebbe rimanere prudente per garantire che l'inflazione ritorni in modo sostenibile all'obiettivo, sebbene i tassi di riferimento possano essere abbassati man mano che l'inflazione cala. I governi devono adoperarsi per garantire la sostenibilità di bilancio, anche adottando misure per ridurre le future pressioni sulla spesa. Occorrono riforme strutturali per rafforzare le basi di una crescita sostenibile, concentrandosi in via prioritaria sull'accelerazione della decarbonizzazione, sul rilancio del commercio globale e sul potenziamento dei risultati scolastici.

Il Rapporto intermedio fornisce un aggiornamento delle valutazioni riportate nelle Prospettive economiche dell'OCSE, Volume 2023, Numero 2 (n. 114).

English, French

Located in the Caribbean Sea, Guadeloupe is a French Overseas Department and a European Outermost Region in search of a more sustainable economic development pathway. In support of that endeavour, this Production Transformation Policy Review (PTPR) Spotlight looks at the region's opportunities and challenges, identifying priority actions in several areas, including the bio- and circular economy, creative sectors and renewable energies. The Spotlight enriches our understanding of the diversity of development pathways, including those of Small Island Developing States (SIDS). It is the result of an extensive peer-review process involving public and private stakeholders from Colombia, Caribbean countries and other EU outermost regions.

French

Le prospettive globali a breve termine sono caratterizzate dagli effetti sempre più visibili dell'inasprimento della politica monetaria attuato dalla maggior parte delle principali banche centrali, nonché dalle tensioni riscontrate nell'economia cinese. Per il periodo 2023-24, si prevede che la crescita globale rallenti, mantenendosi al di sotto della tendenza, e che l'inflazione sia più contenuta, pur rimanendo al di sopra dell'obiettivo. Tra i principali rischi al ribasso figurano la possibilità di un rallentamento più marcato del previsto in Cina e di un continuo rincaro dei prezzi del petrolio.

Il rapporto intermedio afferma che la politica monetaria dovrebbe continuare a concentrarsi sul riallineamento dell'inflazione all'obiettivo e sottolinea la necessità di maggiori sforzi da parte dei governi per ripristinare i margini di bilancio e rispondere alle sfide future, compresa la transizione climatica. Occorre rilanciare gli sforzi di politica strutturale per rafforzare le prospettive, attribuendo priorità al rinvigorimento del commercio globale. Il Rapporto intermedio fornisce un aggiornamento delle valutazioni riportate nell'edizione di giugno 2023 delle Prospettive economiche dell'OCSE (numero 113).

French, English

Le prospettive economiche a breve termine sono migliorate, aiutate dal calo dei prezzi delle materie prime e dalla riapertura della Cina. La crescita globale è destinata a crescere moderatamente e l’inflazione a calare gradualmente. Tuttavia, i rischi al ribasso sono ancora predominanti.

Il Rapporto intermedio sottolinea che la ripresa rimane fragile, caratterizzata da rischi fondamentali derivanti dalle incertezze relative alla guerra in Ucraina e agli sviluppi del mercato energetico, nonché da notevoli vulnerabilità finanziarie. Occorrono misure politiche ben strutturate per ridurre le pressioni inflazionistiche, garantire un migliore orientamento del sostegno alla politica di bilancio e rilanciare la crescita sostenibile. Il Rapporto intermedio fornisce un aggiornamento delle valutazioni riportate nell’edizione di novembre 2022 delle Prospettive economiche dell'OCSE (numero 112).

English, French

Il mondo sta pagando a caro prezzo la guerra di aggressione della Russia contro l'Ucraina. Il costo umanitario, già elevato, continua ad aumentare e le prospettive economiche globali si sono ulteriormente offuscate. Il presente Rapporto intermedio si concentra sulle conseguenze che la guerra comporta per l'economia mondiale e la crisi energetica. Insieme agli effetti ancora persistenti della pandemia da COVID-19, il conflitto sta rallentando la crescita a un ritmo maggiore del previsto. L'inflazione si è intensificata e si è diffusa tra i Paesi e i beni di consumo. Il rischio di interruzioni nelle forniture di energia è aumentato. Il Rapporto intermedio fornisce un aggiornamento delle proiezioni figuranti nell'edizione del giugno 2022 delle Prospettive economiche dell'OCSE (numero 111).

German, French, English
  • 08 Jun 2022
  • OECD
  • Pages: 148

La guerra in Ucraina costituisce una grave crisi umanitaria e comporta shock economici che compromettono la ripresa post-pandemia. Le Prospettive economiche dell'OCSE, Volume 2022, Numero 1, mettono in luce le implicazioni e i rischi per la crescita, per l'inflazione e per il tenore di vita derivanti dall'aumento dei prezzi delle materie prime e dalle eventuali interruzioni delle forniture energetiche e alimentari, ed esaminano le relative sfide politiche.

Il presente numero comprende una valutazione generale della situazione macroeconomica e un capitolo che esamina singolarmente ciascun Paese, sintentizzandone gli sviluppi e fornendo previsioni. Le Prospettive economiche prendono in esame tutti i Paesi membri dell'OCSE e alcuni Paesi partner selezionati.

English, French

La guerra in Ucraina lascerà profonde cicatrici nei Paesi dell’OCSE, e non solo. I costi umanitari sono già estremamente elevati: milioni di persone sono in fuga dalla zona del conflitto.

Il presente rapporto intermedio esamina le potenziali conseguenze economiche e sociali della guerra. Questo conflitto potrebbe rallentare la ripresa globale dalla pandemia da COVID-19 e far aumentare ulteriormente l’inflazione a livello mondiale.

French, English, German
  • 08 Jul 2021
  • OECD, United Nations Industrial Development Organization, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
  • Pages: 154

Egypt is one of Africa’s industrial heavyweights. Transforming the country's economy to sustain job-rich and sustainable growth are pivotal steps in its march towards prosperity. Today’s search for new development models, accelerated by the unfolding of the COVID-19 pandemic, calls for shifting up a gear in raising Egypt’s industrial capabilities to compete in an industry 4.0 and agro 4.0 landscape. The Production Transformation Policy Review (PTPR) of Egypt uses a forward-looking framework to assess the country's readiness to embrace change. This includes an analysis of the game-changing potential of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and perspectives on agro-food and electronics (i.e. what in Egypt is referred to as part of the engineering sector), as well as identifying priorities for future reforms. This review is the result of government-business dialogue, and benefited from peer learning from Italy and Malaysia. It also resulted from international and multi-stakeholder knowledge sharing through a dedicated Peer Learning Group (PLG) and the OECD Initiative for Policy Dialogue on Global Value Chains, Production Transformation and Development.

Since its first edition in 2010, the OECD Development Centre's Perspectives on Global Development report has tracked development trends and policy priorities in developing countries. This new report examines the phenomenon of discontent. Between the global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, discontent surged around the world. It was especially evident in middle-income countries and was often most acute amongst the middle classes that have emerged in developing countries over recent decades. The report explores the economic, political and sociological drivers of discontent and argues that building back better from the COVID-19 pandemic in developing countries will require approaches that simultaneously improve citizens' well-being, promote productive transformation and strengthen social cohesion. The report concludes by examining the international dimension of discontent and demonstrates how weaknesses and imbalances in the present multilateral system are eroding humankind's capacity for collective action in the face of global threats, notably the climate crisis. The rise in discontent has exposed failings in prevailing economic, social and political models at all levels: addressing discontent means fixing these systems, and doing so in an inclusive and sustainable manner.

  • 17 Oct 2019
  • Joseph E. Stiglitz, Jean-Paul Fitoussi, Martine Durand
  • Pages: 156

Chociaż PKB jest najbardziej znanym i najczęściej używanym wskaźnikiem ekonomicznym, nie daje on pełnego obrazu rozwoju społeczno ekonomicznego.

Książka ta pokazuje, że przesadne przywiązanie do PKB jako miernika kondycji gospodarki sprawiło, iż politycy nie przewidzieli kryzysu, który wybuchł w 2008 roku, i nie byli w stanie ocenić prawidłowo jego skutków ekonomicznych i społecznych. Autorzy książki, którzy przewodniczyli powołanej przez OECD

Grupie Ekspertów Wysokiego Szczebla ds. Pomiaru Rozwoju Gospodarczego i Postępu Społecznego, twierdzą, iż powinniśmy opracować zestaw wskaźników pokazujących to, co rzeczywiście ma znaczenie w ocenie stanu i perspektyw gospodarki: kto korzysta ze wzrostu gospodarczego, czy wzrost ten jest do utrzymania pod względem ekologicznym, jak ludzie oceniają warunki życia i jakie czynniki decydują o pomyślności w rozwoju społecznym i gospodarczym. Taki zestaw wskaźników mógłby dopomóc politykom w podejmowaniu właściwych decyzji z punktu widzenia interesów obywateli, poszczególnych państw i całego świata.

Książka ta ukazuje również postęp osiągnięty w ostatnich 10 latach w gromadzeniu danych dotyczących dobrobytu indywidualnego i społecznego oraz w wykorzystaniu tych danych w polityce społeczno ekonomicznej.

German, English
  • 12 Feb 2019
  • OECD, United Nations, United Nations Industrial Development Organization
  • Pages: 140

Colombia, the fourth largest economy in Latin America, is back on track after decades of conflict. The country is looking to open up opportunities by addressing structural challenges, further benefiting from trade and investment, and increasing productivity. Colombia's march towards prosperity requires transforming the economy through a renewed policy approach that prioritises an expanded knowledge base, unlocks regional potential and fast tracks digital technologies. The success will depend on Colombia’s capacity to leverage its long-standing planning capacity and its ability to bring together all the relevant stakeholders.

The Production Transformation Policy Review (PTPR) of Colombia provides a novel and timely assessment of the country's industrialisation strategies. It relies on international peer learning and domestic consensus building, and benefited from knowledge sharing through the OECD Initiative for Policy Dialogue on Global Value Chains, Production Transformation and Development.

  • 06 Jun 2018
  • OECD
  • Pages: 363

La bienal sobre las Perspectivas de la OCDE sobre la Economía Digital examina y documenta la evolución y las oportunidades y desafíos que surgen en la economía digital. Asimismo, pone de relieve cómo los países de la OCDE y las economías de sus socios están tomando ventaja de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC), al igual que de Internet para cumplir sus objetivos de políticas públicas. Mediante la evidencia comparativa, informa a los responsables de la elaboración de políticas sobre las prácticas regulatorias y las opciones de políticas para ayudar a maximizar el potencial de la economía digital como conductor de innovación y crecimiento inclusivo.

Korean, English, French
  • 11 Aug 2017
  • African Development Bank, OECD, United Nations Development Programme
  • Pages: 264

O relatório Perspetivas Económicas em África 2017 apresenta a situação atual do continente africano e as previsões para os próximos dois anos. Este relatório anual analisa o desempenho de África em áreas fundamentais: macroeconomia, fluxos financeiros externos e receitas fiscais, políticas comerciais e integração regional, desenvolvimento humano e governação. Na sua 16ª edição, o relatório analisa de forma detalhada o papel dos empreendedores no processo de industrialização em África. O relatório propõe medidas práticas que os governos africanos poderão adotar, com vista à implementação de estratégias de industrialização eficazes. As políticas que visam a melhoria das competências, os clusters empresariais e o financiamento das empresas podem eliminar importantes obstáculos que pendem sobre as empresas africanas privadas. A secção com notas individuais de cada país resume o crescimento económico recente, as previsões sobre o produto interno bruto em 2017 e 2018 e salienta as principais questões sobre as políticas, enfrentadas por cada um dos 54 países africanos. O anexo estatístico (disponível apenas online) compara variáveis económicas, sociais e políticas específicas de cada país.

French, English
  • 16 Jun 2017
  • OECD
  • Pages: 44

After two decades of solid growth of household disposable income and living standards more generally, Canadians generally enjoy a high level of well-being. However, disparities persist – not all population groups have benefitted equally strongly from past improvements in living standards. Income inequality is close to the OECD average, but the tax and benefit system is less redistributive than those in most OECD countries. Despite high social mobility over a number of different dimensions such as health, earnings, social class or education, middle class self-identification has fallen in recent years. At the same time, productivity growth has slowed own, limiting the potential for further improvements in living standards. The slowdown in productivity growth is linked to a growing divide between high-productivity frontier firms and low-productivity laggards, as well as a weakening of business dynamism. The cross-cutting challenge presented by the persistence of multidimensional inequalities and weak productivity growth underlines the need for a reappraisal of Canada’s policy making process with the aim of fostering stronger and more inclusive growth.

French
  • 28 Apr 2017
  • OECD
  • Pages: 48

India’s economy continues to grow at an impressive rate, with projected annual GDP growth of 7.5% in 2017-18. India will thus remain the fastest-growing G20 economy. Unprecedented growth in exports in services since the 1990s has made India a global leader in this sector. Inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) grew at three times the annual world average rate in the last decade, reflecting the success of efforts to attract international investment and gradually loosen restrictions to foreign investment. India’s economic successes are being translated into increased well-being for its population. As GDP per capita has more than doubled in ten years, extreme poverty has declined substantially. Access to education has steadily improved, and life expectancy has risen. Multiple opportunities present themselves for India, and the right mix of policies is needed to take advantage of them. India has made advances in integrating in global value chains and developing a competitive advantage in fields such as information and communication technology. Now is the time to secure continued progress by boosting competition and further lowering barriers to trade and investment. Looking to the future, it will be vital to fully tap into the potential offered by India´s young population. This means investing in the large numbers of young people entering the labour market. Likewise, the rapid pace of development must be matched with the upgrades to infrastructure necessary to support it.

Twenty years into its membership in the OECD, Poland has achieved impressive progress in terms of the living standards of its citizens. The country did not only manage to significantly reduce the GDP per capita gap with other OECD countries, but it also caught up with respect to several other dimensions of well-being. To ensure further widespread improvements in living standards, Poland needs to continue to move towards higher-technology production, boosting productivity and improving access to high-quality jobs and good pay. This report reviews recently implemented and planned reforms that aim to achieve these goals and proposes further policy measures to help Poland make the shift towards a more knowledge-based economy. To safeguard inclusiveness, it is crucial that the government also put in place appropriate policies to ensure that no one is left behind during this transformation and that all firms and all citizens can equally participate in and benefit from it.

Polish
  • 30 Aug 2016
  • OECD
  • Pages: 36

Sweden has a remarkable track record in sustaining a high level of well-being of its citizens. The country performs above the OECD average in all dimensions of the OECD’s Better Life Index, and these good outcomes are typically shared widely across the population. Sweden is one of the leading countries in receiving refugees and a strong supporter of ambitious global goals to fight climate change and implement the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. However, for this success story to continue, the country needs to reverse the declining educational performance of its youth, speed up labour market integration of newly arrived immigrants and address infrastructure deficiencies, particularly in the housing sector. Also, Sweden’s high ambitions with respect to environmental protection call for further policy action to advance the transition to a low carbon and circular economy.

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