1887

Ethiopia

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In 2011, the economy continued on the high-growth trajectory of the previous seven years. Growth has been broad-based, with the services and the industrial sectors growing at the highest rates. This momentum is expected to continue in 2012 and 2013, albeit at a slower pace. The five-year Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP), however, which emphasises agricultural transformation and industrial growth, projects the economy to grow at much higher rates. In the 2010/11 fiscal year (8 July – 7 July), macroeconomic management failed to reduce inflation, which was driven mainly by escalating food prices. Both domestic and exogenous factors were responsible for causing the resurgence in inflation. These include a loose monetary policy, rising prices of imported inputs, malfunctioning of the domestic market, and supply shocks. However, inflation is expected to decline notably in 2013 owing to continued macro stabilisation efforts. The government has been pursuing prudent fiscal policies which have focused on boosting domestic revenue mobilisation and reducing domestic borrowing.

French

En 2011, l’économie éthiopienne a poursuivi la forte croissance observée au cours des sept années précédentes. Cette croissance a reposé sur une large assise, les taux les plus élevés étant observés dans le secteur industriel et dans les services. La dynamique devrait se poursuivre en 2012 et 2013, mais à un rythme moins soutenu. Toutefois, le plan quinquennal de croissance et de transformation ( Growth and Transformation Plan - GTP), qui privilégie la modernisation de l’agriculture et l’expansion industrielle, prévoit une croissance de l’économie à des taux très supérieurs. Au cours de l’exercice fiscal 2010/11 (8 juillet au 7 juillet), la politique macroéconomique menée par le gouvernement n’a pas permis de juguler l’inflation, principalement alimentée par la flambée des prix des produits alimentaires. Des facteurs intérieurs et exogènes sont à l’origine de cette résurgence de l’inflation, et notamment une politique monétaire trop souple, des prix à l’importation en hausse, des dysfonctionnements du marché intérieur et des chocs au niveau de l’offre. Cependant, l’inflation devrait décliner notablement en 2013 suite aux efforts continus de stabilisation macroéconomique.

English

In 2010, Ethiopia continued to register the fast growth as it has for the last five years. Gross domestic product (GDP) growth in 2010 (2009/10) remained strong at 8.8%. Growth is driven by the service sector (14.5%), followed by the industrial (10.2%) and agricultural (6%) sectors. Except for a rebound in fishing, the rest of the agricultural sub-sectors remained fundamentally unchanged from their levels in 2009. The service sector's leading role is due to hotels and restaurants, financial intermediation, public services and real estate. The country continues to struggle with the macroeconomic challenges of high inflation and very low international reserves. The government's five-year Growth and Transformation Plan was launched in 2010/11. If it is successful, the prospects for 2011 and 2012 are likely to be as positive as in 2010. The plan calls for the agriculture sector to become the major source of economic growth. Industrial growth will also be given particular attention. The government intends to promote industrialisation through increased exports and import substitution. The economy is projected to grow at an average annual rate of 10% in 2011. The agriculture sector is expected to grow by 8.1% while industry and services are expected to show an average annual growth of 20 and 11% respectively during the planned five-year period of the government.

L'Éthiopie est une économie non pétrolière qui progresse rapidement, avec une croissance à deux chiffres sur la période 2003-08. Cependant, depuis 2007/08, le pays doit faire face à deux difficultés macro-économiques : l'inflation élevée et la pénurie de réserves internationales. La croissance économique reste solide, puisque le taux de croissance du PIB en volume a été de 9.9 % en 2008/09, contre 11.6 % en 2007/08 (son niveau le plus bas depuis 2003/04). Ce taux de croissance élevé s'explique surtout par l'essor des services et la bonne progression de l'agriculture, soutenus par un grand nombre d'exportations de services et une augmentation de l'aide publique au développement. Au vu des modestes prévisions de reprise économique mondiale, la croissance devrait reculer à 9.7 % en 2009/10. La rigueur des politiques budgétaire et monétaire destinées à contenir l'inflation devrait ralentir la demande intérieure.

English

Ethiopia is a fast growing non-oil economy that achieved double-digit growth in the period 2003/04-2007/08. However, the country has been struggling with the twin macroeconomic challenges of high inflation and very low international reserves since 2007/2008. Economic growth remains robust, with real gross domestic product (GDP) growth of 9.9% in 2008/09, down from 11.6% in 2007/08 – the lowest since 2003/04. ?is high growth rate has been driven mainly by a boom in services and healthy growth in agriculture, supported by strong service exports and increasing official development assistance (ODA). Growth is expected to slow marginally to 9.7% in 2009/10, owing to the expected weak global recovery. ?e tight fiscal and monetary policies that seek to contain inflation are expected to slow down domestic demand.

French

Despite recently introducing policy instruments and legislative commitments designed to serve women’s interests, Ethiopia remains one of Africa’s most tradition-bound societies. A vast majority of Ethiopian women, particularly in rural areas, live in a state of poverty and dependence, and they rarely benefit directly from development initiatives. Following traditional socio-cultural installations and practices, women in Ethiopia are considered to be subordinate to men.

LA CROISSANCE, À 11.6 POUR CENT, est restée forte en 2007/08, en légère hausse par rapport aux 11.5 pour cent enregistrés l’année précédente. Elle a été essentiellement tirée par l’agriculture et les services, eux-mêmes soutenus par les exportations et un afflux continu d’aide au développement et d’investissements directs étrangers. Cette croissance devrait ralentir à 6.5 pour cent en 2008/09, tout en se maintenant grâce à une bonne récolte et aux investissements publics en infrastructures. L’impact de la récession mondiale devrait se faire ressentir sur les exportations non traditionnelles (fleurs et or) et ralentir la demande intérieure, en raison de politiques fiscales et monétaires plus strictes.

English

ETHIOPIA’S REAL GDP GROWTH REMAINED strong in 2007/08 at 11.6 per cent, marginally up from 11.5 per cent in 2006/07. This rapid growth was driven mainly by the agriculture and services sectors supported by strong growth of exports and sustained inflows of official development assistance and foreign direct investment. Growth is expected to slow down but remain strong in 2008/09, at 6.5 per cent, owing to a good harvest and sustained high public investment in infrastructure. The expected slowdown in 2008/09 is due to the impact of the global recession on nontraditional exports and slower growth in domestic demand as a result of tighter fiscal and monetary policies.

French

THE ETHIOPIAN ECONOMY CONTINUES the strong performance witnessed since 2004, with real GDP estimated to have grown by 8.2 per cent in 2006/07, well above the 5.4 per cent registered in 2005/06. This growth was broad-based, with industry, agriculture and services all expanding strongly

Despite five years of rapid economic growth based on sound economic policies and high levels of aid, Ethiopia remains one of the world’s poorest countries, and the lingering effects of the severe drought in 2002/03 continue to be felt by many of Ethiopia’s 73 million people, especially the poor. The economy is estimated to have grown at a rate of 6.8 per cent in real terms in 2004/05 and is approaching the 7 per cent growth rate needed to reach the Millennium...

French

Malgré cinq années de croissance économique rapide reposant sur une politique économique saine et une aide extérieure soutenue, l’Éthiopie reste au rang des plus pauvres pays de la planète, et les effets persistants de la sévère sécheresse de la saison 2002/03 affectent toujours nombre des 73 millions de ses habitants, notamment les pauvres. La croissance de l’économie s’est établie à un taux de 6.8 pour cent en termes réels en 2004/2005 (estimation), et elle approche les 7 pour cent nécessaires pour accomplir les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement (OMD). Les bons résultats de sa politique économique ont fait de l’Éthiopie un pays favorisé par...

English

Ethiopia is making steady progress in economic growth. In 2000/01, real GDP growth reached 7.9 per cent, from a yearly average of 4.8 per cent since 1994/95. Notwithstanding the growth upsurge, per capita income in Ethiopia has continued to decline since 1997/98. The growth performance is expected to moderate with an estimated growth rate of GDP of 5 per cent in 2001/02, which will rise to 6 per cent in 2002/03. In effect, Ethiopia’s declining per capita income is expected to continue in the short term. In line with its Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) commitments, the government has put poverty reduction at the centre of its medium-term growth strategy. Ethiopia’s economic management is improving, underlined by fiscal and monetary prudence. The government’s recent fiscal performance is marked by success in orientating spending from defence to poverty-targeted outlays. However, weak expenditure management is hampering progress towards fiscal stability. Further increases in government expenditure are expected to outweigh revenue gains leading to continuing deterioration in the budget position in the short term...

French

L’année 2001/02 a été très difficile pour l’économie égyptienne en raison de problèmes extérieurs qui se sont répercutés sur l’ensemble de l’économie et que les événements du 11 septembre ont exacerbés. Ainsi, la baisse des recettes du pétrole, du tourisme et du canal de Suez, ainsi que le tassement de la croissance mondiale et les problèmes de sécurité dans la région, ont eu un effet défavorable sur la croissance de 2001/02 qui est tombée à 2.3 pour cent et devrait rester à ce niveau en 2002/03…

English
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