OECD Journal: Competition Law and Policy

Frequency :
3 fois par an
ISSN :
1609-7521 (en ligne)
ISSN :
1560-7771 (imprimé)
DOI :
10.1787/16097521
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This journal draws on the best of the recent work done for and by the OECD Committee on Competition Law and Policy. Its articles provide insight into the thinking a competition law enforcers, and focus on the practical application of competition law and policy. Here’s what Robert Pitofsky, Chairman of the US Federal Trade Commission said about this new journal when it was launched: "Global competition is the wave of the future, and comparative analysis of the laws and practices of various members of the worldwide community of nations is a necessary corollary. This new OECD Journal of Competition Law and Policy, compiled from OECD Round Table discussions, summaries of recent developments, and articles on topics of special interest, will introduce regulators, practitioners, and scholars to different regulatory approaches around the world and will allow us to consider in a more informed way the strengths and weaknesses of our own systems."

Now published as part of the OECD Journal package.

Egalement disponible en: Français
 
 
 

Volume 4, Numéro 3 You do not have access to this content

Date de publication :
16 oct 2002
DOI :
10.1787/clp-v4-3-en
Egalement disponible en: Français

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  16 oct 2002 Review of Sectoral Reforms in the Czech Republic
David Parker

Since its creation in 1993, the Czech Republic has experienced a period of broad and deep changes to the legal structure and institutional frameworks that were necessary to ensure transition to a market economy. This chapter focuses on energy (gas and electricity) and transportation (road and rail freight) sectors, which are important in final consumption expenditure, and as inputs to other sectors, impact on overall economic competitiveness. Substantial progresses have been made over the past decade, the regulatory environment has been liberalised and some competition emerged. Reform, however, remains incomplete with the state still significantly involved in these sectors. Also, improvements are needed in the regulatory framework to build market confidence by improving clarity and transparency in the regulatory process. It is expected that prospects for Czech accession to the EU will encourage the authorities to establish such a framework in accordance with the relevant EU directives.
  16 oct 2002 Competition and Regulation Issues in the Pharmaceutical Industry
OCDE

The pharmaceutical sector is a dynamic, research-intensive industry that is fundamentally influenced by a web of regulations designed to a) promote research and innovation in the design and production of drugs, b) protect consumers from potentially harmful effects of drugs, and c) to control public and private expenditure on drugs. These objectives are sometimes in conflict and may require a balancing of the interests of  producers and consumers. Since most consumers have some form of health insurance, their incentives to control their purchasers of pharmaceuticals or to purchase from the most efficient pharmacist are limited. Health insurers seek to control pharmaceutial expenditure through various policies such as co-payments, lists of approved drugs and maximum reimbursement levels for different drugs. If reimbursement levels for pharmacists are set at a national or regional level, incentives for entry by new pharmacists are excessive in certain locations, typically leading to restrictions on the establishment of new pharmacies. Wellthought out reform of this industry has the potential to reduce pharmaceutical expenditures while maintaining the quality of the drugs consumed.
  16 oct 2002 The Telecommunications Sector in Russia
Darryl Biggar

In some ways, the Russian telecommunications industry is a paradox. Parts of the industry are highly competitive – the number of operators in this market is in the thousands – but the existing regulatory regime is weak, particularly in ensuring access to essential facilities, and the longdistance market is dominated by the company Rostelecom. In spring 2001, experts from OECD countries met with senior Russian officials to discuss their experiences with regulatory reform in telecommunications. The issues discussed include tariff reform, promoting universal service and ensuring access to non-competitive services. Traditionally, in Russia, prices for local fixed telephone service have been held very low, leading to a shortage of supply and significant cross-subsidies from long-distance services. The cross-subsidies from long-distance services are being eroded by new entry, leaving local operators unable to expand the network to meet demand. As in other Russian industries, tariff rebalancing is essential, while putting in place programmes to ensure access to telecommunications services in remoter areas. Competition could be deepened and broadened through a stronger and more effective system of access to the remaining non-competitive services such as local loops.
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