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  • 27 mai 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 144

This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Finland, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.

Innover au moment opportun et de manière ciblée stimule la productivité, favorise la croissance économique et aide à résoudre les problèmes de société. Mais comment les gouvernements peuvent-ils encourager davantage de personnes à innover et accroître le temps consacré à l’innovation ? Et comment rendre les administrations elles-mêmes plus innovantes ?

La Stratégie de l’OCDE pour l’innovation propose un ensemble de principes visant à encourager l’innovation par les individus (aussi bien dans le cadre de leur travail qu’en tant que consommateurs), dans les entreprises et au sein des administrations. Elle examine en profondeur l’évolution de l’innovation, son ampleur, sa géographie et ses modalités. À partir de recherches et de données récentes, elle propose un large cadre d’action en faveur de l’innovation.

Pour en savoir plus
Mesurer l’innovation : Un nouveau regard

Anglais, Espagnol
  • 26 mai 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 296

OECD countries have made significant reform progress in recent decades, in fields as diverse as competition policy, health care and the environment. How have they done it? And why have reforms advanced in some places and stalled in others? This collection of essays analyses the reform experiences of the 30 OECD countries in nine major policy domains in order to identify lessons, pitfalls and strategies that may help foster policy reform in the future. While taking full account of the tremendous differences in the political and institutional settings in which these reforms were undertaken, the authors highlight a number of common challenges and potential solutions that hold good across both countries and issue areas. They show that the scope for cross-national policy learning is enormous.

The importance of such reform lessons is all the greater in the wake of the global financial and economic crisis. As OECD governments confront the challenge of trying to restore public finances to health without undermining the recovery, they will need to pursue a careful mix of fiscal policies and growth-enhancing structural reforms. Designing, adopting and implementing such a policy mix will require the crafting of effective reforms and effective strategies for implementing them.

Les unités consacrées aux partenariats public-privé (PPP) sont des organismes créés en totalité ou en partie avec l’aide de l’État, pour veiller à ce que les compétences requises pour gérer la fourniture de biens et de services par des tiers existent et soient regroupées au niveau du gouvernement. Ces unités renforcent la capacité de l’État à gérer les risques liés à l’augmentation du nombre de partenariats public-privé et de la valeur qu’ils représentent. Alors que ces unités spécialisées sont considérées comme un phénomène relativement nouveau, plus de la moitié des pays membres de l’OCDE indiquaient, en 2009, l’existence d’une unité consacrée aux PPP sous une forme ou une autre.

Le présent ouvrage donne une vue d’ensemble des unités consacrées aux PPP dans les pays de l’OCDE et comprend cinq études de cas qui concernent l’Afrique du Sud (pays partenaire de l’engagement renforcé de l’OCDE), l’Allemagne, la Corée, le Royaume-Uni et l’État de Victoria (Australie). Il pose les questions suivantes : quelles sont les fonctions et la localisation de leurs unités consacrées aux PPP ? Dans le cadre de ces fonctions, quel est le rôle joué par ces unités dans le processus d’exécution ? Quels enseignements peuvent en tirer les autres pays qui ont déjà créé ou envisagent de créer une unité spécialisée ?

Anglais
  • 25 mai 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 170

Die Maßnahmen und Vorgehensweisen von Regierung und Verwaltung berühren zahllose Aspekte unseres täglichen Lebens. Die Quantifizierung und Messung staatlichen Handelns kann Politikverantwortlichen Entscheidungshilfen liefern und dazu beitragen, Regierung und Verwaltung den Bürgern gegenüber rechenschaftspflichtig zu machen.

Regierung und Verwaltung auf einen Blick ist eine neue, im zweijährigen Turnus erscheinende Publikation der OECD, die mehr als 30 Indikatoren enthält, die die Regierungs- und Verwaltungsleistung beschreiben. In der Publikation werden die politischen und institutionellen Rahmenstrukturen von Regierung und Verwaltung in den OECD-Ländern verglichen, wobei auch auf Staatseinnahmen und -ausgaben sowie die Beschäftigung im öffentlichen Dienst eingegangen wird. Sie enthält ferner Indikatoren, die die staatlichen Maßnahmen und Vorgehensweisen in den Bereichen Integrität, E-Government und offene Regierung beschreiben, und stellt verschiedene Mischindizes vor, die die wichtigsten Aspekte der öffentlichen Managementpraktiken auf dem Gebiet des Personalmanagements, der Haushaltsplanung und des Regulierungsmanagements zusammenfassen. Zu jeder Abbildung ist ein StatLink angegeben, der den Leser zu einer Internetseite führt, auf der die entsprechenden Daten im Excel-Format verfügbar sind.

Espagnol, Italien, Français, Anglais

This review of human resource management (HRM) in the federal government of Brazil provides a detailed diagnosis of the management of government employees, and solutions for improving it. The assessments and the recommendations are based on the lessons learned from the experience of OECD member countries. 

This review assesses whether: the federal government is managing the size, skills, and competencies of its workforce in a sustainable manner; the HRM system in government is strategic and performance oriented; there is a balance between the flexibility and consistency of HRM practices; the values promoted by the government are consistent with management rules and practices.

Portugais

Esta avaliação da gestão de recursos humanos (GRH) no governo federal do Brasil visa a oferecer um diagnóstico detalhado e propor soluções para aperfeiçoar a administração de servidores públicos federais. As avaliações e as recomendações estão baseadas nas lições apreendidas da experiência dos países-membros da OCDE. 

Este livro tem por objetivo avaliar se o governo federal está administrando a dimensão, as habilidades e as competências de sua força de trabalho de maneira sustentável, se o sistema de GRH no governo é estratégico e orientado para o desempenho, se há um equilíbrio entre a flexibilidade e a consistência de práticas de GRH e, finalmente, se os valores adotados pelo governo são consistentes com as regras e as práticas de gestão.

Anglais

The Guidelines are recommendations to international business for conduct in such areas as labour, environment, consumer protection and the fight against corruption.  The recommendations are made by the adhering governments and, although not binding, governments are committed to promoting their observance.  This Annual Report provides an account of the actions taken by the 41 adhering governments over the 12 months to June 2009 to enhance the contribution of the Guidelines to the improved functioning of the global economy. In nine years, the Guidelines have consolidated their position as one of the world's principal corporate responsibility instruments

This edition focuses on consumer empowerment and responsible business conduct, notably the positive impact responsible consumers can exercise on international business behaviour through their purchasing decisions and OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises’ role in promoting and protecting consumer interests. Special attention is given to supply chains, financial institutions and climate change.

Français

Ce rapport passe en revue les défis et les opportunités associés à la conception et à l’utilisation de systèmes d’indicateurs dans le contexte de la gouvernance pluriniveaux. Il met à profit l’expérience acquise par plusieurs pays de l’OCDE et consacre un examen plus poussé aux cas de l’Italie, du Royaume-Uni (Angleterre), des États-Unis et de l’Union européenne. Ce rapport s’appuie sur les précédents travaux de l’OCDE concernant la gouvernance des politiques de développement régional. Il applique aux systèmes d’indicateurs de performances les enseignements qu’on a pu tirer sur les relations contractuelles entre les différents niveaux d’administration.

Anglais

Les évolutions urbanistiques, démographiques, et même climatiques, ont un impact sur les questions auxquelles doivent répondre les pays de l’OCDE en matière de protection de la vie et du bien-être des citoyens ou de garantie de la continuité de l’activité économique. En France les plus grands risques naturels connus concernent les inondations. Alors que plusieurs politiques publiques sur la gestion des risques d’inondation sont adoptées, celles-ci sont mises en œuvre à différents niveaux administratifs. Dans cette étude de cas, le Programme de l'OCDE sur l’avenir analyse une gestion intégrée dans le bassin de la Loire et examine les défis rencontrés. Au nombre des questions les plus cruciales figurent la concertation des parties-prenantes, l’investissement dans l’entretien des digues et le changement climatique.

Le Projet de l’OCDE sur l’avenir portant sur les politiques de gestion des risques identifie les principales difficultés de la gestion des risques au XXIe siècle et propose des solutions. Le projet met l’accent sur la cohérence des politiques de gestion des risques et sur leur capacité à faire face aux risques systémiques. Il couvre un vaste éventail de questions liées à la gestion des risques et s’attache à trois grandes thématiques : les catastrophes naturelles, les risques pour les infrastructures critiques et la protection de groupes sociaux particulièrement vulnérables.

 

  • 03 mai 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 136

This book provides provides comprehensive and consistent information on African central government debt statistics for the period 2003-2007. Detailed quantitative information on central government debt instruments is provided for fourteen countries (Angola, Cameroon, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda and Zambia) to meet the requirements of debt managers, other financial policy makers, and market analysts. Country policy notes provide background information on debt issuance as well as on the institutional and regulatory framework governing debt management policy.

  • 27 avr. 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 164

This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Germany, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.

Allemand
  • 20 avr. 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 164

Wie wichtig eine wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung ist, zeigt sich heute, nach dem schwersten Konjunkturabschwung seit der Großen Depression, deutlicher denn je. Doch wie kann bessere Rechtsetzung die wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Aussichten der Länder im Einzelnen verbessern, dauerhaftes Wachstum fördern und die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Volkswirtschaften stärken? Was genau ist wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung? Wie sollte sich die Politik für bessere Rechtsetzung im kommenden Jahrzehnt gestalten und in welche Richtung sollte sie gehen? Um auf diese Fragen zu antworten, hat die OECD in Partnerschaft mit der Europäischen Kommission ein großes Projekt zur Prüfung der Bemühungen um bessere Rechtsetzung in 15 in der Europäischen Union vertretenen OECD-Ländern – darunter auch Deutschland – gestartet.

In jedem Bericht werden die zentralen Elemente dargestellt und analysiert, die zusammengenommen für ein effektives Regulierungsmanagement sorgen, womit ein Rahmen für die künftige Entwicklung von Regulierungspolitik und -reform aufgezeichnet wird. Untersucht werden u.a. folgende Fragen:

·         Strategien und Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung des Regulierungsmanagements

·         Institutionelle Kapazitäten für wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung und allgemeiner Kontext der politischen Entscheidungsfindung

·         Transparenz und Verfahren für wirkungsvolle Konsultation und Kommunikation mit der Öffentlichkeit

·         Verfahren für die Ausarbeitung neuer Rechtsvorschriften, wie z.B. Folgenabschätzungen, und für den Umgang mit dem Regelungsbestand, einschließlich der Frage der Bürokratielasten

·         Rechtsbefolgungsgrad, Rechtsvollzug und Rechtsmittel

·         Beziehungen zwischen verschiedenen Verwaltungsebenen sowie zwischen nationalen und EU-Verfahren

Die Teilnehmerländer sind: Belgien, Dänemark, Deutschland, Finnland, Frankreich, Griechenland, Irland, Italien, Luxemburg, Niederlande, Österreich, Portugal, Schweden, Spanien und Vereinigtes Königreich.

Anglais
This OECD review of risk management policies focuses on the Italian civil protection system and its means to prepare for and react to earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, landslides and even volcanoes. The Italian National Civil Protection Service can rapidly mobilise operational resources for emergency management and recovery both at home, throughout Europe and around the world. Its components constantly research known hazards to better understand and model vulnerabilities, while technical experts co-operate in real time to monitor events as they unfold and operate the early warning systems. These professionals are supported by a highly organised and motivated volunteer service unseen elsewhere in OECD countries. What makes these many parts of the civil protection system work as one effective whole, however, is its governance structure under the direct authority of the Italian Prime Minister.  

Recent years have seen a steep increase in the frequency and economic impacts of disasters, and Italy has been no exception. In addition to increased seasonal variance linked to climate change, the devastating earthquakes around L’Aquilla in 2009 make Italy a case study for policy-makers, emergency management practitioners, academics and international organisations who are searching for solutions, notably in the areas of disaster damage reduction policies. The Italian civil protection system offers a rich source of best practices for their consideration. The National Department of Civil Protection in particular, as the hub of the National Civil Protection Service, provides a model of professionalism and leadership. The review report also identifies many challenges facing the Italian civil protection system and areas where improvements are still needed.

The chemicals industry - including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, food and feed additives and cosmetics - is one of the world’s largest industrial sectors. Many chemical products are traded internationally. Varying national requirements can mean duplication of efforts and significant costs for the chemicals industry, as well as posing barriers to trade.  By agreeing on test methods and data quality and sharing the workload of chemical safety testing and assessments, countries together achieve environmentally sustainable and cost-effective results.

For non-clinical health and safety testing, for example, the results of such studies carried out on a chemical product in one OECD country must be accepted by the others as long as it was carried out in accordance with the OECD Test Guidelines and Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. This saves the chemicals industry the expense of duplicative testing for products that are marketed in more than one country.

This report analyses the rigorous and comprehensive system for assessing and managing chemicals that helps governments and industry save about EUR 150 million each year, through “work sharing” facilitated by the OECD.

Français
  • 09 avr. 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 248

We expect governments to protect citizens from the adverse consequences of hazardous events. At the same time it is not possible or necessarily in the best interest of citizens for all risks to be removed. A risk-based approach to the design and implementation of regulation can help to ensure that regulatory approaches are efficient, effective and account for risk/risk tradeoffs across policy objectives. Risk-based approaches to the design of regulation and compliance strategies can improve the welfare of citizens by providing better protection, more efficient government services and reduced costs for business. Across the OECD there is great potential to improve the operation of risk policy as few governments have taken steps to develop a coherent risk governance policy for managing regulation.  

This publication presents recent OECD research and analysis on risk and regulatory policy.  The chapters discuss core challenges today. They offer measures for developing, or improving, coherent risk governance policies. Topics include: challenges in designing regulatory policy frameworks to manage risks; different cultural and legal dimensions of risk regulatory concepts across OECD; analytical models and principles for decision making in uncertain situations; key elements of risk regulation and governance institutions; the use of management-based regulation to help firms make risk-related behavioural changes; an analysis of the risk-based frameworks of regulators in five OECD countries (Australia, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, United Kingdom) and across four sectors: environment, food safety, financial markets and health and safety; and the elements for designing formal guidelines for risk prioritisation, assessment, management and communication.

 

  • 08 avr. 2010
  • OCDE, Banque asiatique de développement
  • Pages : 300

Asian-Pacific countries have made significant efforts to address weaknesses in their procurement frameworks and practices. To support these efforts and to assist the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative’s 28 member countries in strengthening their public-procurement mechanisms, the Initiative conducted a Regional Seminar on Fighting Bribery in Public Procurement in November 2007.  This volume compiles the experience that experts from Asian and Pacific countries – as well as beyond the region – shared during the seminar. It is addressed to policy makers and experts who wish to learn from other countries’ experiences in strengthening frameworks to protect public procurement from bribery and corruption risks.

  • 07 avr. 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 116

Suite à la crise financière, les gouvernements ont dû intervenir de façon draconienne sur leurs systèmes financiers. Cette publication énonce les priorités de réforme des avantages dont bénéficient les marchés financiers ainsi que les moyens d’éliminer progressivement ces mesures d’urgence.

Anglais
  • 26 mars 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 144

This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for the Netherlands, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.

  • 26 mars 2010
  • OCDE
  • Pages : 124

This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Portugal, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.

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