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Mit den Länderprofilen Krebs werden in Bezug auf die 27 EU-Mitgliedstaaten sowie Island und Norwegen Stärken, Herausforderungen und spezifische Maßnahmenbereiche aufgezeigt, die als Richtschnur für Investitionen und Interventionen auf EU-, nationaler und regionaler Ebene im Rahmen von Europas Plan gegen den Krebs dienen können. Jedes Länder-Krebs-Profil bietet eine kurze Synthese von: der nationalen Krebsbelastung, den Risikofaktoren für Krebs (wobei der Schwerpunkt auf verhaltensbedingten und umweltbedingten Risikofaktoren liegt) ; den Früherkennungsprogrammen ; den Leistungen der Krebsversorgung (wobei der Schwerpunkt auf Zugänglichkeit, Versorgungsqualität, Kosten und den Auswirkungen von COVID-19 auf die Krebsversorgung lieg).
The scope of this report covers 88 public and private pension funds from 39 countries. This survey is based on a qualitative questionnaire sent directly to large pension funds and public pension reserve funds. It covers the infrastructure investment made by large pension funds and public pension reserve funds, but also their approach to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors. It helps provide detailed investment information and insights which complement the aggregated data on portfolio investments gathered by the OECD at a national level through the Global Pension Statistics and Global Insurance Statistics projects.
What challenges and opportunities does the green transition entail for Latin America and the Caribbean? This 15th edition of the Latin American Economic Outlook explores options for the region to recast its production models, transform its energy matrix and create better jobs in the process. It argues that, for this transition to be just, stronger social-protection systems and open dialogue must help build new, sustainable social contracts. In support of this ambitious agenda, the report presents an array of financing options, including green finance, and advocates for renewed international partnerships.
This report provides Hungary with key recommendations and policy options to establish comprehensive and user-friendly methodologies and tools for the greater uptake of life-cycle costing (LCC) methodology in public procurement. The report introduces the concept of LCC and its links to the wider sustainable public procurement agenda, and maps the current practices in Hungary and existing LCC tools in other EU and OECD countries, with a view of drawing insights to promote the development and uptake of LCC tools.
Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) technologies are set to play an important role in putting the global energy system on a path to net zero. Successfully deploying CCUS relies on the establishment of legal and regulatory frameworks to ensure the effective stewardship of CCUS activities and the safe and secure storage of CO2.
Several countries have already developed comprehensive legal and regulatory frameworks for CCUS. These form a valuable knowledge base for the growing number of countries that have identified a role for CCUS in meeting their climate goals, but which are yet to establish a legal foundation for CCUS, and particularly for CO2 storage. Increasingly, existing frameworks are also being tested as more commercial CCUS projects are developed, with important learnings for regulators.
This IEA CCUS Handbook is a resource for policy makers and regulators on establishing and updating legal and regulatory frameworks for CCUS. It identifies 25 priority issues that frameworks should address for CCUS deployment, presenting global case studies and examining how different jurisdictions have approached these issues. The handbook is supported by a webbased legal and regulatory database, and model legislative text that is found at the end of this report.
Labor Migration in Asia: COVID-19 Impacts, Challenges, and Policy Responses analyzes labor migration trends in Asia and puts them in the context of economic and policy developments as well as the changes caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. It provides an overview of the labor migration trends to and from different Asian economies and looks at policy settings in major origin and destination economies of labor migrants. Chapter 1 reviews the recent regional trends, including evidence on the impact of the pandemic on flows and remittances. Chapter 2 looks at the available data on migrant job losses and COVID-19 infections, as well as policy responses to the pandemic in the key areas of access to health, occupational safety and health, housing, social protection, and the resumption of labor migration. Chapter 3 focuses on the return and reintegration challenges and policy responses in the wake of the pandemic. This report draws on the discussions that took place at the “11th ADBI-OECD-ILO Roundtable on Labor Migration: Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic and Building Back Better,” held virtually in April 2021. The event, co-organized by the Asian Development Bank Institute, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and the International Labour Organization, brought together regional experts and policy makers. The report provides up-to-date comparative statistics on labor migration flows in, to, and from Asia. Two statistical annexes offer detailed economy fact sheets and coverage of intra-Asia and cross-regional migration flows.
El desarrollo y el uso de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) siguen expandiendo las oportunidades para lograr los 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) de las Naciones Unidas, incluyendo la igualdad de género.
Acercando la mirada a la intersección de género y tecnología, esta colaboración entre UNESCO, el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) y la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) analiza los efectos de la IA sobre la vida laboral de las mujeres.
Este informe describe los desafíos y las oportunidades que presenta el uso de tecnologías emergentes como la IA desde una perspectiva de género. Este informe subraya la necesidad de enfocar e investigar más sobre los impactos de la IA sobre las mujeres y sobre la brecha digital de género, para asegurar que las mujeres no sean dejadas de lado en el futuro del trabajo.
This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the Leeks Standard. This brochure illustrates the standard text and demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus, it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade of leeks.
La transición hacia la economía circular para la ciudad de Valladolid, España, representa una oportunidad para un mayor atractivo y competitividad, a la vez que proporciona respuestas a los retos medioambientales. La ciudad de Valladolid pretende ser un referente como ciudad sostenible, reduciendo los residuos, disminuyendo el uso de materias primas y aumentando el uso de energías renovables, al tiempo que estimula el crecimiento económico y el bienestar social. Este informe pretende apoyar a Valladolid en el desarrollo de una estrategia coherente de economía circular, sobre la base de diversas iniciativas ya en marcha para financiar proyectos de economía circular, y sensibilizar y promover una cultura emprendedora sobre la economía circular.
This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Lithuania as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This edition has a special focus on the impact of COVID‑19.
This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Latvia as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This edition has a special focus on the impact of COVID‑19.
This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Luxembourg as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This edition has a special focus on the impact of COVID‑19.
This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
The Latin American Economic Outlook 2021: Working Together for a Better Recovery aims to analyse and provide policy recommendations for a strong, inclusive and environmentally sustainable recovery in the region. The report explores policy actions to improve social protection mechanisms and increase social inclusion, foster regional integration and strengthen industrial strategies, and rethink the social contract to restore trust and empower citizens at all stages of the policy‑making process. Moreover, it stresses the need to promote sustainable and adapted macro‑economic frameworks to finance the recovery, as well as the importance of renewing international co‑operation to support these policy actions. Finally, the publication includes three crucial cross‑cutting themes: climate change and the green recovery, the digital transformation, and gender.
The LEO is a joint annual publication produced by the OECD Development Centre, the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UN ECLAC), the Development Bank of Latin America (CAF) and the European Union (EU). It is the first pillar of the EU Regional Facility for Development in Transition for Latin America and the Caribbean.
Tras la pandemia del COVID-19, los gobiernos se enfrentan a riesgos de fraude tanto antiguos como nuevos, algunos de ellos a niveles sin precedentes, relacionados con el gasto en socorro y recuperación. Los programas de subvenciones públicas son un área de alto riesgo, en la que cualquier fraude acaba desviando el dinero de los contribuyentes de las prestaciones indispensables para los particulares y las empresas. Este informe identifica cómo la Intervención General de la Administración del Estado (IGAE) podría identificar y controlar mejor los riesgos de fraude en las subvenciones. Demuestra cómo las técnicas innovadoras de aprendizaje automático pueden ayudar a la IGAE a mejorar su evaluación de los riesgos de fraude en los datos de las subvenciones. Presenta un modelo de riesgo de trabajo, desarrollado con conjuntos de datos a disposición de la IGAE y mapea conjuntos de datos que se podrían utilizar en el futuro. El informe también considera las condiciones previas para la analítica avanzada y las evaluaciones de riesgo, incluyendo las formas en que la IGAE puede mejorar su gobernanza y gestión de datos.
La integridad pública es una condición necesaria para responder a la corrupción, mantener la confianza en las instituciones públicas y gestionar crisis como la COVID-19 de manera eficaz. Este informe analiza las responsabilidades institucionales de integridad pública en el Ecuador. Propone recomendaciones concretas para abordar la actual fragmentación institucional y crear un sistema de integridad pública que involucre a todos los actores relevantes a nivel nacional. El informe también aborda el enfoque estratégico del Ecuador en materia de integridad pública, y propone una hoja de ruta hacia una política de Estado de largo plazo que guarde coherencia con los objetivos de desarrollo nacionales e internacionales. Por último, examina cómo el Ecuador podría incorporar la integridad en las entidades públicas que conforman la función ejecutiva.
Publicada por primera vez en 2017, Lucha contra los delitos fiscales – Los diez Principios Globales es la primera guía completa para combatir los delitos fiscales. Establece diez principios esenciales que abarcan los aspectos legales, institucionales, administrativos y operativos necesarios para desarrollar un sistema eficiente y eficaz de identificación, investigación y persecución de delitos fiscales, respetando los derechos de los contribuyentes acusados.
Esta segunda edición aborda nuevos desafíos, como las formas de lidiar con los profesionales que facilitan los delitos fiscales y de cuello blanco, y fomentar la cooperación internacional en la recuperación de activos. Basándose en experiencias de países de todos los continentes, el informe también destaca casos exitosos relacionados con el uso indebido de activos virtuales, investigaciones complejas que involucran equipos de trabajo conjuntos y el uso de nuevas herramientas tecnológicas para combatir delitos fiscales y otros delitos financieros.
Los Diez Principios Globales son un elemento esencial del Diálogo de Oslo de la OCDE, un "enfoque de todo el gobierno" para combatir los delitos fiscales y los flujos financieros ilícitos.
The COVID-19 crisis has amplified the many inadequacies and inequities in education systems. As the future continues to surprise us, the importance of resilience, adaptability and fairness in education will only grow. Equitable schooling means more than treating students equally and uniformly. To be truly fair and impactful, education should work to adapt to students’ differences.
The existing nuclear fleet remains the largest low-carbon source of electricity generation in OECD countries. In 2021 the average nuclear power plant had already been operating for 31 years and some 30% of reactors worldwide were already operating under long-term operation conditions. The long-term operation of this existing nuclear capacity will be essential over the next decade to keep decarbonisation targets within reach. At the same time, by keeping the long-term-operation option open, countries could also reap a wide-range of socio-economic benefits including more affordable and secure electricity supply. Nevertheless, an increasing number of reactors are being shut down earlier than expected due to policy decisions and increasing market pressures in some regions.
In light of these trends, this study takes a holistic approach to identifying the key enablers for long-term operation of nuclear power plants. The attractiveness of long-term operation lies in its technical maturity, cost-competiveness and ease of implementation: it is a high-value option to support the energy transition while minimising potential risks along the way.