Chile
Études économiques consacrées périodiquement par l'OCDE à l’économie du Chili. Chaque étude analyse les grands enjeux auxquels le pays fait face. Elle examine les perspectives à court terme et présente des recommandations détaillées à l’intention des décideurs politiques. Des chapitres thématiques analysent des enjeux spécifiques. Les tableaux et graphiques contiennent un large éventail de données statistiques.
OECD’s periodic surveys of the Chilean economy. Each edition surveys the major challenges faced by the country, evaluates the short-term outlook, and makes specific policy recommendations. Special chapters take a more detailed look at specific challenges. Extensive statistical information is included in charts and graphs.
This chapter includes data on the income taxes paid by workers, their social security contributions, the family benefits they receive in the form of cash transfers as well as the social security contributions and payroll taxes paid by their employers. Results reported include the marginal and average tax burden for eight different family types.Methodological information is available for personal income tax systems, compulsory social security contributions to schemes operated within the government sector, universal cash transfers as well as recent changes in the tax/benefit system. The methodology also includes the parameter values and tax equations underlying the data.
Le Canada compte 94 conventions fiscales en vigueur Cela comprend un Arrangement en vue d’éviter les doubles impositions et de prévenir l’évasion fiscale en matière d’impôts sur le revenu conclu entre le Bureau commercial du Canada à Taipei et le Bureau économique et culturel de Taipei au Canada., comme l’indique sa réponse au questionnaire d’examen par les pairs. Cinquante de ces conventions sont conformes au standard minimum.
In general, as of September 2023, inflation has continued to fall, although it remains high, in a context where activity and demand have continued to advance in their adjustment process, cost pressures have been reduced and two-year inflation expectations stand at 3%.
Chile has made important strides on its environmental agenda in recent years with the passage of the Framework Law on Climate Change, the establishment of the Biodiversity and Protected Areas Service and the ratification of the Escazú Agreement. However, the country has made limited progress in decoupling environmental pressures from economic growth. Greenhouse gas emissions have continued to rise and the country is not on track to reach its legally binding target of net zero by 2050. Chile is well-positioned to achieve its targets for biodiversity, while air pollution remains a serious public health challenge and waste management relies heavily on landfilling. Chile is facing a severe and deepening water crisis that requires concerted action to improve water allocation and water quality, and to strengthen water governance. The review provides 36 recommendations to help Chile improve its environmental performance, with a special focus on water management and policies.
This is the third Environmental Performance Review of Chile. It provides an independent, evidence-based evaluation of the country’s environmental performance since the previous review in 2016.
The Assessment and Recommendations present the main findings of the OECD Environmental Performance Review of Chile. They identify 36 recommendations to help the country make further progress towards its environmental objectives and international commitments. The OECD Working Party on Environmental Performance discussed and approved the Assessment and Recommendations on 23 January 2024.
This country profile features selected environmental indicators from the OECD Core Set, building on harmonised datasets available on OECD.stat. The indicators reflect major environmental issues, including climate, air quality, freshwater resources, waste and the circular economy, and biodiversity. Differences with national data sources can occur due to delays in data treatment and publication, or due to different national definitions and measurement methods. The OECD is working with countries and other international organisations to further improve the indicators and the underlying data.
Chile significantly raised its climate ambition with the enactment of the Framework Law on Climate Change (FLCC) in 2022. The law sets a binding national target to reach net zero by 2050. However, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions rose significantly in 2010-19 and are not projected to peak before 2025. Ambitious actions to reduce GHG emissions are required. These include clarifying sectoral and regional plans, pursuing the plan to close all coal-fired plants by 2040 and boosting renewable energy generation. The transport and building sectors need more stringent climate targets to spur further investments in sustainable public transportation as well as electrification of vehicles and building heating systems.
The management of water resources has important economic, environmental and social consequences for Chile. This chapter examines pressures and trends related to the country’s water resources, focusing on water quantity and quality, the impact of climate change, and the state of water and sanitation services. It subsequently analyses water strategies, river basin plans, and institutional arrangements. The chapter concludes with a discussion of policy instruments such as water allocation, water quality standards and regulations, data and information, economic instruments, and finance and investment for infrastructure. Throughout the chapter, good practices in other OECD member countries, such as Israel and Spain, are highlighted.
The principal aim of the OECD Environmental Performance Review (EPR) programme is to help member and selected partner countries improve their individual and collective performance in environmental management by:
This chapter examines progress towards sustainable development in Chile. It examines how Chile has fared with key environmental targets related to climate change, air pollution, waste management and biodiversity. It assesses the environmental effectiveness and economic efficiency of the environmental policy mix, including regulatory and voluntary instruments; fiscal and economic instruments; and public and private investment in environment-related infrastructure. Finally, it examines the interaction between the environment and other policy areas, such as greening the system of taxes and charges, and investments that promote environmentally friendly and socially inclusive growth.
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the standard measure of the value of final goods and services produced by a country during a period minus the value of imports. This subset of Aggregate National Accounts comprises comprehensive statistics on gross domestic product (GDP) by presenting the three different approaches of its measure of GDP: output based GDP, expenditure based GDP and income based GDP. These three different measures of gross domestic product (GDP) are further detailed by transactions whereby: the output approach includes gross value added at basic prices, taxes less subsidies, statistical discrepancy; the expenditure approach includes domestic demand, gross capital formation, external balance of goods and services; and the income approach includes variables such as compensation of employees, gross operating surplus, taxes and production and imports. Gross domestic product (GDP) data are measured in national currency and are available in current prices, constant prices and per capita starting from 1950 onwards.
This dataset contains tax revenue collected by Chile. It provides detailed tax revenues by sector (Supranational, Federal or Central Government, State or Lander Government, Local Government, and Social Security Funds) and by specific tax, such as capital gains, profits and income, property, sales, etc.
The Pensions at a Glance database includes reliable and internationally comparable statistics on public and mandatory and voluntary pensions. It covers 34 OECD countries and aims to cover all G20 countries. Pensions at a Glance reviews and analyses the pension measures enacted or legislated in OECD countries. It provides an in-depth review of the first layer of protection of the elderly, first-tier pensions across countries and provideds a comprehensive selection of pension policy indicators for all OECD and G20 countries.
This dataset comprises statistics on different transactions and balances to get from the GDP to the net lending/borrowing. It includes national disposable income (gross and net), consumption of fixed capital as well as net savings. It also includes transaction components such as net current transfers and net capital transfers. Data are expressed in millions of national currency as well as US dollars and available in both current and constant prices. Data are provided from 1950 onwards.