Country statistical profiles: Key tables from OECD - ISSN 2075-2288 - © OECD 2023
| Country statistical profile: China 2023 | |||||||||
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| | Unit | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
| Production and income | |||||||||
| GDP per capita | USD current PPPs | 12 866 | 13 440 | 14 204 | 15 466 | 16 625 | 17 177 | 19 429 | 21 314 |
| Gross national income (GNI) per capita | USD current PPPs | 12 804 | 13 373 | 14 185 | 15 398 | 16 578 | 17 055 | .. | .. |
| Household disposable income per capita | Annual growth % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Economic growth | |||||||||
| Real GDP growth | Annual growth % | 7.0 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 2.2 | 8.1 | 3.0 |
| Net saving rate in household disposable income | % | 35.7 | 34.6 | 34.4 | 34.8 | 34.8 | .. | .. | .. |
| Gross fixed capital formation | Annual growth % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Economic structure: share of real value added | |||||||||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing | % | 8.7 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 7.6 | 7.7 |
| Industry including energy | % | 34.1 | 32.9 | 33.1 | 32.8 | 31.6 | 30.9 | 32.6 | 33.2 |
| Construction | % | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.9 |
| Trade, repairs, transport, accomm., food services | % | 16.0 | 16.1 | 16.0 | 15.9 | 15.8 | 15.0 | 15.4 | 15.0 |
| Information, communication | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Finance and insurance | % | 8.2 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 8.0 |
| Real estate | % | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 6.1 |
| Professional, scientific, support services | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Public admin., defence, education, health, social work | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Other services (ISIC Rev.4 R - U) | % | 19.9 | 21.0 | 21.5 | 22.2 | 23.1 | 23.5 | 23.0 | 23.1 |
| Government deficits and debt | |||||||||
| Government deficit | % of GDP | -0.6 | -1.1 | -1.4 | -2.0 | -2.3 | .. | .. | .. |
| General government debt | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| General government revenues | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| General government expenditures | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Expenditure | |||||||||
| Government/compulsory expenditure on health | % of GDP | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.1 | .. | .. |
| Voluntary expenditure on health | % of GDP | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.6 | .. | .. |
| Public social expenditure | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Private social expenditure | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Public pension expenditure | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Private pension expenditure | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Official Development Assistance - grant equivalent | % of GNI | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Official Development Assistance - flows basis | % of GNI | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Taxes | |||||||||
| Total tax revenue | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Tax on personal income | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Tax on corporate profits | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Taxes on goods and services | % of GDP | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Taxes on the average worker | % of labour cost | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Trade | |||||||||
| Imports of goods and services | % of GDP | 18.5 | 17.3 | 17.9 | 18.3 | 17.3 | 16.0 | 17.3 | .. |
| Exports of goods and services | % of GDP | 22.0 | 19.6 | 19.7 | 19.1 | 18.5 | 18.5 | 19.9 | .. |
| Goods trade balance: exports minus imports of goods | Bln USD | 604.4 | 515.8 | 408.9 | 371.7 | 414.7 | 501.6 | 680.1 | 875.7 |
| Imports of goods | Bln USD | 1 682.0 | 1 580.6 | 1 856.9 | 2 141.7 | 2 082.2 | 2 056.9 | 2 689.8 | 2 737.1 |
| Exports of goods | Bln USD | 2 286.4 | 2 096.3 | 2 265.9 | 2 513.4 | 2 496.9 | 2 558.4 | 3 370.0 | 3 612.8 |
| Service trade balance: exports minus imports of services | Bln USD | -218.3 | -233.1 | -258.9 | -292.2 | -261.1 | -152.5 | -101.2 | -92.3 |
| Imports of services | Bln USD | 435.7 | 441.5 | 472.0 | 525.7 | 505.5 | 381.4 | 440.6 | 461.3 |
| Exports of services | Bln USD | 217.4 | 208.4 | 213.1 | 233.6 | 244.4 | 228.9 | 339.4 | 369.0 |
| Current account balance of payments | % of GDP | 2.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 |
| Foreign direct investment (FDI) | |||||||||
| Outward FDI stocks | Mln USD | 1 156 046 | 1 423 737 | 1 844 990 | 2 001 548 | 2 236 641 | 2 580 658 | 2 785 152 | 2 795 043 |
| Inward FDI stocks | Mln USD | 2 696 344 | 2 755 147 | 2 725 662 | 2 827 064 | 2 796 396 | 3 231 225 | 3 603 453 | 3 495 567 |
| Inflows of foreign direct investment | Mln USD | 242 489 | 174 750 | 166 084 | 235 365 | 187 170 | 253 096 | 344 075 | 180 167 |
| Outflows of foreign direct investment | Mln USD | 174 391 | 216 424 | 138 293 | 143 027 | 136 910 | 153 721 | 178 798 | 149 692 |
| Prices and interest rates | |||||||||
| Inflation rate: all items | Annual growth % | 1.4 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 0.9 | .. |
| Inflation rate: all items non food non energy | Annual growth % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Inflation rate: food | Annual growth % | 2.3 | 3.8 | -0.6 | 1.9 | 7.3 | .. | .. | .. |
| Inflation rate: energy | Annual growth % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Producer Price Indices (PPI): manufacturing | Annual growth % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Long-term interest rates | % | 3.33 | 2.85 | 3.59 | 3.58 | 3.18 | 2.92 | 3.01 | 2.76 |
| Purchasing power and exchange rates | |||||||||
| Purchasing power parities | CNY per USD | 3.87 | 3.99 | 4.18 | 4.23 | 4.21 | 4.18 | 4.19 | 4.02 |
| Exchange rates | CNY per USD | 6.23 | 6.64 | 6.76 | 6.62 | 6.91 | 6.90 | 6.45 | 6.74 |
| Indices of price levels | OECD=100 | 71 | 70 | 72 | 73 | 72 | 71 | 75 | 74 |
| Energy supply and prices | |||||||||
| Total primary energy supply (TPES) | Mtoe | 2 998.4 | 2 980.9 | 3 092.9 | 3 240.9 | 3 388.7 | 3 501.0 | 3 738.2 | .. |
| TPES per unit of GDP at 2000 prices and PPPs | Toe per '000 USD | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | .. |
| Renewable energy | Ktoe | 253 801.6 | 265 874.1 | 283 885.3 | 303 300.6 | 328 176.3 | 350 435.2 | .. | .. |
| Crude oil import prices | USD per barrel | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Information and Communications Technology (ICT) | |||||||||
| Households with access to computers | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Households with access to internet | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Environment | |||||||||
| Water abstactions | Mln m3 | 603 870 | 596 940 | 596 220 | 592 910 | 591 670 | 568 480 | .. | .. |
| National fish landings in domestic ports | '000 tonnes | 15 337 | 13 860 | 13 210 | 12 702 | 12 172 | 11 791 | .. | .. |
| National fish landings in foreign ports | '000 tonnes | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Aquaculture | '000 tonnes | 62 318 | 64 358 | 66 135 | 68 424 | 70 484 | 72 805 | .. | |
| Municipal waste total | '000 tonnes | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Municipal waste total per capita | Kg | 136 | 144 | 151 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| CO2emissions from fuel combustion | Mln tonnes | 9 133 | 9 114 | 9 328 | 9 777 | 9 932 | 10 081 | .. | .. |
| Education | |||||||||
| Tertiary attainment in population aged 25-64 | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 19 | .. | .. |
| Expenditure per student: primary, 2010 prices | USD constant PPPs | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Expenditure per student: secondary, 2010 prices | USD constant PPPs | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Expenditure per student: tertiary, 2010 prices | USD constant PPPs | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Youths 15-19 not in education nor employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Youths 20-24 not in education nor employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Employment | |||||||||
| Employment rate in population aged 15-24 | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Employment rate in population aged 25-54 | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Employment rate in population aged 55-64 | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Incidence of part-time employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Self-employment rate: total employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Self-employment rate: male employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Self-employment rate: female employment | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Unemployment | |||||||||
| Unemployment rate: total labour force | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Unemployment rate: male labour force | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Unemployment rate: female labour force | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Long-term unemployment: total unemployed | % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Labour compensation and hours worked | |||||||||
| Labour compensation per unit labour input, total economy | Annual growth % | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Average time worked per person in employment | Hours per year | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Research and Development (R&D) | |||||||||
| Gross domestic expenditure on R&D | Mln USD | 366 081 | 399 390 | 430 330 | 464 705 | 517 068 | 565 952 | 620 103 | .. |
| Researchers: full-time equivalent | Per '000 employed | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.2 | .. |
| Population | |||||||||
| Total population | '000 persons | 1 393 715 | 1 401 890 | 1 410 276 | 1 417 069 | 1 421 864 | 1 424 930 | 1 425 893 | 1 425 887 |
| Total fertitity rates | Children | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | .. |
| Youth population aged less than 15 | % of population | 18.4 | 18.3 | 18.4 | 18.4 | 18.3 | 18.0 | 17.7 | 17.2 |
| Elderly population aged 65 and over | % of population | 10.0 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 11.5 | 12.0 | 12.6 | 13.1 | 13.7 |
| International migration | |||||||||
| Foreign-born population | % of population | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Foreign population | % of population | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Unemployment rate in population of native-born men | % of labour force | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Unemployment rate in population of foreign-born men | % of labour force | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Unemployment rate in population of native-born women | % of labour force | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Unemployment rate in population of foreign-born women | % of labour force | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Health | |||||||||
| Life expectancy at birth | Years | 76.7 | 77.0 | 77.2 | 77.2 | 77.7 | 78.0 | 78.1 | 78.2 |
| Life expectancy at birth: men | Years | 74.1 | 74.4 | 74.6 | 74.4 | 75.0 | 75.3 | 75.3 | 75.5 |
| Life expectancy at birth: women | Years | 79.5 | 79.8 | 80.1 | 80.3 | 80.6 | 80.8 | 81.1 | 81.2 |
| Infant mortality | Per '000 | 8.2 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.1 | .. |
| Overweight or obese, % of population aged 15 and over | Measured | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Suicide Rates | Per 100 000 persons | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Transport | |||||||||
| Goods transport | Mln tonne-km | 12 391 150 | 12 833 220 | 14 204 490 | 15 249 700 | 14 507 440 | .. | .. | .. |
| Passenger transport | Mln passenger-km | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| Road Fatalities | Per mln inhabitants | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
Last updated: 6 October 2023; disclaimer: http://oe.cd/disclaimer | ||||||||||
Not available | ||||||||||
Estimated value | ||||||||||
Source: OECD Data (data.oecd.org). |