Country statistical profiles: Key tables from OECD
The key tables by country statistical profiles include a wide range of indicators on economy, education, energy, environment, foreign aid, health, information and communication, labour, migration, R&D, trade and society. Historical data refer to the latest eight time periods.
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Country statistical profile: Spain 2023/4
Country statistical profiles: Key tables from OECD - ISSN 2075-2288 - © OECD 2023
| | Country statistical profile: Spain 2023 | |||||||||
| | ||||||||||
| | | Unit | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
| | Production and income | |||||||||
| | GDP per capita | USD current PPPs | 34 945 | 37 333 | 39 601 | 40 777 | 43 136 | 38 039 | 41 219 | 46 303 |
| | Gross national income (GNI) per capita | USD current PPPs | 34 938 | 37 425 | 39 616 | 40 836 | 43 212 | 38 098 | 40 912 | .. |
| | Household disposable income per capita | Annual growth % | 4.2 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 3.1 | -2.5 | 1.0 | -3.6 |
| | Economic growth | |||||||||
| | Real GDP growth | Annual growth % | 3.8 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 2.0 | -11.3 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
| | Net saving rate in household disposable income | % | 3.2 | 3.0 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 4.1 | 13.7 | 9.6 | .. |
| | Gross fixed capital formation | Annual growth % | 4.9 | 2.4 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 4.5 | -9.0 | 2.8 | 2.4 |
| | Economic structure: share of real value added | |||||||||
| | Agriculture, forestry, fishing | % | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.1 | ||
| | Industry including energy | % | 16.3 | 16.2 | 16.2 | 16.0 | 15.8 | 16.1 | ||
| | Construction | % | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 6.0 | ||
| | Trade, repairs, transport, accomm., food services | % | 23.4 | 23.7 | 23.9 | 23.7 | 23.8 | 20.1 | ||
| | Information, communication | % | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.9 | ||
| | Finance and insurance | % | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.5 | ||
| | Real estate | % | 12.0 | 11.8 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 12.8 | ||
| | Professional, scientific, support services | % | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 9.0 | ||
| | Public admin., defence, education, health, social work | % | 18.5 | 18.4 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.2 | 20.2 | ||
| | Other services (ISIC Rev.4 R - U) | % | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.3 | ||
| | Government deficits and debt | |||||||||
| | Government deficit | % of GDP | -5.3 | -4.3 | -3.1 | -2.6 | -3.1 | -10.1 | ||
| | General government debt | % of GDP | 121.1 | 120.9 | 119.1 | 117.5 | 120.4 | 148.0 | 140.9 | 116.0 |
| | General government revenues | % of GDP | 38.7 | 38.2 | 38.2 | 39.2 | 39.2 | 41.8 | 43.2 | 42.4 |
| | General government expenditures | % of GDP | 44.0 | 42.5 | 41.3 | 41.8 | 42.3 | 51.9 | 50.0 | .. |
| | Expenditure | |||||||||
| | Government/compulsory expenditure on health | % of GDP | 6.5 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 7.9 | 7.7 | |
| | Voluntary expenditure on health | % of GDP | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.1 | |
| | Public social expenditure | % of GDP | 24.7 | 24.2 | 23.9 | 24.0 | 24.6 | 31.2 | 29.5 | 28.1 |
| | Private social expenditure | % of GDP | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Public pension expenditure | % of GDP | 11.0 | 11.0 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.3 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Private pension expenditure | % of GDP | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | .. | .. |
| | Official Development Assistance - grant equivalent | % of GNI | .. | .. | .. | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.30 |
| | Official Development Assistance - flows basis | % of GNI | 0.12 | 0.34 | 0.19 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Taxes | |||||||||
| | Total tax revenue | % of GDP | 33.8 | 33.6 | 33.9 | 34.7 | 34.7 | 36.7 | 38.4 | .. |
| | Tax on personal income | % of GDP | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 8.7 | 8.8 | .. |
| | Tax on corporate profits | % of GDP | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.7 | .. |
| | Taxes on goods and services | % of GDP | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.0 | 9.8 | 10.5 | .. |
| | Taxes on the average worker | % of labour cost | 39.4 | 39.4 | 39.3 | 39.4 | 39.4 | 39.0 | 39.5 | 39.5 |
| | Trade | |||||||||
| | Imports of goods and services | % of GDP | 30.6 | 29.9 | 31.5 | 32.4 | 32.0 | 29.3 | ||
| | Exports of goods and services | % of GDP | 33.6 | 33.9 | 35.1 | 35.1 | 34.9 | 30.8 | ||
| | Goods trade balance: exports minus imports of goods | Bln USD | -29.1 | -20.6 | -31.9 | -43.0 | -38.1 | -17.0 | -39.6 | -74.2 |
| | Imports of goods | Bln USD | 311.1 | 311.1 | 354.1 | 391.2 | 372.1 | 324.6 | 418.6 | 493.8 |
| | Exports of goods | Bln USD | 281.9 | 290.5 | 322.1 | 348.2 | 333.9 | 307.8 | 379.4 | 419.5 |
| | Service trade balance: exports minus imports of services | Bln USD | 59.3 | 64.9 | 72.1 | 73.2 | 70.8 | 28.2 | 42.1 | 79.4 |
| | Imports of services | Bln USD | 62.2 | 65.5 | 71.3 | 82.5 | 86.0 | 61.6 | 77.1 | 86.7 |
| | Exports of services | Bln USD | 121.5 | 130.4 | 143.3 | 155.7 | 156.8 | 89.8 | 119.1 | 166.1 |
| | Current account balance of payments | % of GDP | 2.1 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
| | Foreign direct investment (FDI) | |||||||||
| | Outward FDI stocks | Mln USD | 505 765 | 496 605 | 575 744 | 549 085 | 575 836 | 558 669 | 538 514 | 544 950 |
| | Inward FDI stocks | Mln USD | 553 237 | 554 200 | 669 819 | 690 499 | 713 576 | 804 447 | 782 923 | 788 356 |
| | Inflows of foreign direct investment | Mln USD | 8 557 | 31 538 | 41 877 | 57 427 | 18 526 | 13 779 | 18 947 | 34 162 |
| | Outflows of foreign direct investment | Mln USD | 41 917 | 43 902 | 55 926 | 37 523 | 27 426 | 33 901 | -1 057 | 35 535 |
| | Prices and interest rates | |||||||||
| | Inflation rate: all items | Annual growth % | -0.5 | -0.2 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 0.7 | -0.3 | 3.1 | 8.4 |
| | Inflation rate: all items non food non energy | Annual growth % | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 3.7 |
| | Inflation rate: food | Annual growth % | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 11.6 |
| | Inflation rate: energy | Annual growth % | -9.0 | -8.6 | 8.0 | 6.1 | -1.2 | -9.6 | 21.2 | 27.9 |
| | Producer Price Indices (PPI): manufacturing | Annual growth % | -2.2 | -1.8 | 3.8 | 2.6 | -0.1 | -2.9 | 10.1 | 19.7 |
| | Long-term interest rates | % | 1.74 | 1.39 | 1.56 | 1.42 | 0.66 | 0.38 | 0.35 | 2.20 |
| | Purchasing power and exchange rates | |||||||||
| | Purchasing power parities | EUR per USD | 0.66 | 0.64 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.61 | 0.62 | 0.63 | 0.61 |
| | Exchange rates | EUR per USD | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.85 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.95 |
| | Indices of price levels | OECD=100 | 84 | 82 | 83 | 86 | 81 | 84 | 85 | 80 |
| | Energy supply and prices | |||||||||
| | Total primary energy supply (TPES) | Mtoe | 118.5 | 119.1 | 125.3 | 124.7 | 121.3 | 109.1 | 115.5 | 116.3 |
| | TPES per unit of GDP at 2000 prices and PPPs | Toe per '000 USD | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
| | Renewable energy | Ktoe | 16 601.3 | 16 981.9 | 15 978.0 | 17 434.1 | 17 518.9 | 18 133.9 | 19 180.0 | .. |
| | Crude oil import prices | USD per barrel | 49.51 | 40.08 | 51.69 | 69.02 | 62.84 | 42.26 | 69.69 | 101.54 |
| | Information and Communications Technology (ICT) | |||||||||
| | Households with access to computers | % | 75.9 | .. | 78.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Households with access to internet | % | 78.7 | 81.9 | 83.4 | 86.4 | 91.4 | 95.4 | 95.9 | 96.1 |
| | Environment | |||||||||
| | Water abstactions | Mln m3 | 31 656 | 31 300 | .. | .. | ||||
| | National fish landings in domestic ports | '000 tonnes | 839 | 800 | 851 | 406 | .. | 313 | .. | .. |
| | National fish landings in foreign ports | '000 tonnes | .. | .. | .. | 514 | .. | 350 | .. | .. |
| | Aquaculture | '000 tonnes | 297 | 290 | 357 | 311 | 277 | 280 | .. | |
| | Municipal waste total | '000 tonnes | 21 158 | 21 542 | 22 018 | 22 229 | 22 262 | 21 989 | .. | |
| | Municipal waste total per capita | Kg | 456 | 464 | 473 | 476 | 473 | 464 | 473 | .. |
| | CO2emissions from fuel combustion | Mln tonnes | 248 | 239 | 255 | 249 | 233 | 195 | 211 | .. |
| | Education | |||||||||
| | Tertiary attainment in population aged 25-64 | % | 35 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 41 |
| | Expenditure per student: primary, 2010 prices | USD constant PPPs | 7 355 | 7 806 | 8 151 | 8 331 | 8 863 | 9 077 | .. | .. |
| | Expenditure per student: secondary, 2010 prices | USD constant PPPs | 9 062 | 9 692 | 10 122 | 10 292 | 11 059 | 11 159 | .. | .. |
| | Expenditure per student: tertiary, 2010 prices | USD constant PPPs | 12 664 | 12 867 | 13 430 | 13 804 | 14 707 | 14 361 | .. | .. |
| | Youths 15-19 not in education nor employment | % | 9.1 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 8.7 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 7.4 | 7.5 |
| | Youths 20-24 not in education nor employment | % | 27.2 | 25.5 | 23.2 | 22.0 | 21.9 | 21.7 | 22.7 | 18.6 |
| | Employment | |||||||||
| | Employment rate in population aged 15-24 | % | 17.9 | 18.4 | 20.5 | 21.7 | 22.3 | 18.5 | 20.6 | 23.0 |
| | Employment rate in population aged 25-54 | % | 69.4 | 71.5 | 73.2 | 74.7 | 75.8 | 73.1 | 75.4 | 77.2 |
| | Employment rate in population aged 55-64 | % | 46.9 | 49.1 | 50.5 | 52.2 | 53.8 | 54.7 | 55.8 | 57.7 |
| | Incidence of part-time employment | % | 14.5 | 13.4 | 13.0 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 11.9 | 13.0 | 12.1 |
| | Self-employment rate: total employment | % | 17.3 | 16.9 | 16.5 | 16.0 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 15.3 | |
| | Self-employment rate: male employment | % | 21.0 | 20.5 | 20.1 | 19.4 | 19.0 | 19.3 | 18.4 | |
| | Self-employment rate: female employment | % | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 11.7 | |
| | Unemployment | |||||||||
| | Unemployment rate: total labour force | % | 22.1 | 19.7 | 17.2 | 15.3 | 14.1 | 15.5 | 14.8 | 12.9 |
| | Unemployment rate: male labour force | % | 20.8 | 18.1 | 15.7 | 13.7 | 12.5 | 13.9 | 13.1 | 11.3 |
| | Unemployment rate: female labour force | % | 23.6 | 21.4 | 19.0 | 17.0 | 16.0 | 17.4 | 16.7 | 14.8 |
| | Long-term unemployment: total unemployed | % | 51.6 | 48.4 | 44.5 | 41.7 | 37.8 | 32.1 | 41.7 | 39.0 |
| | Labour compensation and hours worked | |||||||||
| | Labour compensation per unit labour input, total economy | Annual growth % | 0.7 | -0.4 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 4.8 | 7.0 | -0.5 | 1.8 |
| | Average time worked per person in employment | Hours per year | 1 694 | 1 701 | 1 692 | 1 698 | 1 677 | 1 552 | 1 623 | 1 644 |
| | Research and Development (R&D) | |||||||||
| | Gross domestic expenditure on R&D | Mln USD | 19 815 | 19 884 | 20 818 | 21 852 | 22 443 | 22 450 | 24 007 | .. |
| | Researchers: full-time equivalent | Per '000 employed | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.5 | 7.7 | .. |
| | Population | |||||||||
| | Total population | '000 persons | 46 410 | 46 450 | 46 533 | 46 729 | 47 105 | 47 356 | 47 331 | 47 615 |
| | Total fertitity rates | Children | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .. |
| | Youth population aged less than 15 | % of population | 15.1 | 15.1 | 15.0 | 14.9 | 14.6 | 14.4 | 14.1 | 13.8 |
| | Elderly population aged 65 and over | % of population | 18.6 | 18.8 | 19.1 | 19.3 | 19.5 | 19.6 | 20.0 | 20.2 |
| | International migration | |||||||||
| | Foreign-born population | % of population | 12.6 | 12.7 | 12.9 | 13.3 | 14.0 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Foreign population | % of population | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 10.4 | .. | .. | .. |
| | Unemployment rate in population of native-born men | % of labour force | 19.3 | 17.0 | 14.5 | 12.7 | 11.6 | 12.3 | 11.9 | .. |
| | Unemployment rate in population of foreign-born men | % of labour force | 29.5 | 24.7 | 22.2 | 19.1 | 16.7 | 20.7 | 18.6 | .. |
| | Unemployment rate in population of native-born women | % of labour force | 22.3 | 20.2 | 17.9 | 15.9 | 14.8 | 15.2 | 14.8 | .. |
| | Unemployment rate in population of foreign-born women | % of labour force | 30.1 | 27.6 | 24.6 | 22.3 | 21.3 | 26.1 | 24.6 | .. |
| | Health | |||||||||
| | Life expectancy at birth | Years | 83.0 | 83.5 | 83.4 | 83.5 | 84.0 | 82.4 | 83.3 | .. |
| | Life expectancy at birth: men | Years | 80.1 | 80.5 | 80.6 | 80.7 | 81.1 | 79.6 | 80.4 | .. |
| | Life expectancy at birth: women | Years | 85.7 | 86.3 | 86.1 | 86.3 | 86.7 | 85.2 | 86.2 | .. |
| | Infant mortality | Per '000 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | .. |
| | Overweight or obese, % of population aged 15 and over | Measured | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
| | Suicide Rates | Per 100 000 persons | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.5 | 7.6 | .. |
| | Transport | |||||||||
| | Goods transport | Mln tonne-km | 230 314 | 237 627 | 251 325 | 259 732 | 270 478 | 258 998 | .. | .. |
| | Passenger transport | Mln passenger-km | 390 084 | 404 313 | 390 855 | 401 178 | 404 090 | 296 466 | .. | .. |
| | Road Fatalities | Per mln inhabitants | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | .. |
| Last updated: 6 October 2023; disclaimer: http://oe.cd/disclaimer | ||||||||||
Not available | ||||||||||
Break in series | ||||||||||
Estimated value | ||||||||||
| Source: OECD Data (data.oecd.org). | ||||||||||