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Governments around the world are struggling with establishing personal identity in a digital age, since policies and legal frameworks that combine physical and digital identification elements are complex to develop. Digital Government in Chile – Digital Identity aims to support the Government of Chile in designing effective and trustworthy identity management.
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The challenge of proving someone is who they claim to be, were born in a particular place, live at a certain address and have the legal standing to do business, cross borders, access medical care or go about life is an age old problem that has historically been dealt with by creating physical tokens. As the digital transformation of society changes expectations in the delivery of public services, and governments seek greater efficiency in response to budgetary constraints, there is an ambition to move away from face to face interactions towards digitally enabled solutions.
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Over recent years Chile has been working with the OECD to explore how they might maximise the potential of digital government to transform the relationship between the citizen and the state and improve the quality of public services. To seize that opportunity requires governments to undergo a transformation that starts from a shared vision and robust institutional frameworks that develop the State’s capacity to implement such a strategy.
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This opening chapter introduces the challenges of digital identity (DI) and its importance in underpinning digital government approaches to the transformation of policymaking and service delivery. It also introduces the scope of the analysis and the framework being applied to Chile’s experience with DI in the context of the comparative experience of 13 countries who provided their insights for this research: Austria, Canada, Denmark, Estonia, India, Italy, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom and Uruguay.
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This chapter presents a comparative analysis of the DI experience in 13 countries through each dimension of the analytical framework explained in Chapter 1 based on a survey completed by the countries. The assessment compares the foundations for identity in terms of existing national identity infrastructure, policies supporting DI and a country’s governance mechanisms. DI solutions are then analysed with a discussion of the technical approaches for browser, smartcard, mobile, and biometric based systems. The policy levers and adoption of DI are assessed in light of the legal and regulatory framework, funding and enforcement measures, the services made available, and the enablers and constraints identified by the countries.The ways in which citizens are being put in control of their data, the openness with which countries are sharing the results, and their approaches to impact assessment are described in the last dimension. Finally, trends identified in the study are presented.
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This chapter presents a summary of DI provision in Chile according to the framework explored in the preceding chapter. The chapter starts by looking at the foundations for identity in Chile in terms of existing national identity infrastructure, the policies supporting DI and Chile’s governance mechanisms. In the second section, the existing model of DI in Chile is looked at in terms of its technical approach. The policy levers and adoption for Chile’s DI are assessed in light of the legal and regulatory framework, funding and the enforcement measures, the services made available, and the enablers and constraints identified in Chile as well as the intentions around putting citizens in control of their data, the openness with which performance is being shared and the approach to assessing impact.Finally, the chapter ends with the plans Chile have for expanding ClaveÚnica