Land-use Planning Systems in the OECD
Country Fact Sheets

This report provides an overview of spatial and land-use planning systems across the OECD. It contains country fact sheets that focus on formal aspects of planning systems, as they are defined by laws and regulations. The country fact sheets describe the responsibilities of each level of government with respect to spatial and land-use planning. They include a description of all spatial and land-use plans of a country and show their hierarchical relations in a diagram. For most countries, the fact sheets also contain key statistics on land use. A summary chapter provides an overview of the information in the country fact sheets and discusses land value capture tools, land expropriation procedures, reforms of the planning system, and other issues. The information provided in this report was collected through a survey that involved academic experts on planning from all 32 countries covered.
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Australia
Australia is a federal country divided into six states and two self-governing territories (henceforth included under the term states). Below the state level, 571 municipalities exist. As land use is not explicitly discussed in the constitution, states have most responsibility for land-use planning (based on the principle that powers not assigned to the federal government by the constitution reside with the states). The national government has limited responsibilities related to land-use planning. Most importantly, it can influence land use through environmental regulations. Furthermore, it directly controls land use in selected areas, such as national parks.
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