International Transport Forum Discussion Papers
ITF Discussion Papers make economic research, commissioned or carried out in-house at the International Transport Forum, available to researchers and practitioners. They describe preliminary results or research in progress by the author(s) and are published to stimulate discussion on a broad range of issues on which the ITF works.
- ISSN: 2223439X (online)
- https://doi.org/10.1787/2223439X
Introducing Competition in the European Rail Sector
Insights for a Holistic Regulatory Assessment
This paper assesses the impact of European rail transport regulation in the past 25 years. It highlights competition as a necessary condition to overcome the inertia of legacy railway operators, but argues that competition is not sufficient to increase efficiency when they feel protected by the state.
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