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Strengthening Health Information Infrastructure for Health Care Quality Governance

Good Practices, New Opportunities and Data Privacy Protection Challenges

image of Strengthening Health Information Infrastructure for Health Care Quality Governance

Health data constitutes a significant resource in most OECD countries that could be used to improve population health, the quality of health care and the performance of health systems. Rising levels of chronic diseases; concerns about the quality and safety of patient care; the need to assure value for investments in health care; and the need to allocate health resources wisely; are all too important to be left without good evidence for decision making.

This book, based on studies of 19 countries on the development and use of personal health data and of 25 countries on development and use of electronic health record systems, includes results showing good practices, new opportunities and data privacy protection challenges. It finds that well-intended policies to allay concerns about breaches of confidentiality and potential misuse of personal health data may be limiting data use, but that the next five years appear promising, in terms of both the number of countries that plan to implement national electronic health record systems and the number that consider it likely that data from these systems will be used for some aspects of health care quality monitoring. They also appear promising for the further use of existing personal health databases and for the linkage of multiple data sources to generate new evidence.

English

Governance of data collection, data linkages and access to data

Eighteen of nineteen countries reported that there are multiple authorities in custody of key national databases for population health and health care monitoring and research. Data custodians in all countries reported significant efforts to protect data. Nonetheless there is variation across data custodians in challenging areas of data security including practices to de-identify data to protect patient privacy so that the data can be used for monitoring and research; and provision of safe mechanisms so that researchers from other government ministries or from academia could access and use data. Some custodians manage risk by refusing data access while others would consider providing access to identifiable patient-level data. Several data custodians noted that fulfilling all the responsibilities associated with data protection is expensive and there are cost pressures. A few countries provide interesting examples of centralising the difficult tasks of linking data, de-identifying data and approving and supervising access to data that have the potential to standardise practices and be more efficient. The sharing of person-level data across borders for international comparisons is rarely reported and there were few examples of data linkages for multi-country comparative studies.This chapter presents country experiences in the de-identification of data to protect the privacy of individuals; the development of secure facilities for access to data with high re-identification risk; project approval processes for data linkage projects; data security within public authorities holding data and when public authorities provide data to external researchers; and governance of multi-country studies involving personal health data.

English

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