Preterm birth (i.e. before 37 completed weeks of gestation) is the leading cause of neonatal death (i.e. during the first four weeks of life or days 0-27) and the second leading cause of death in children under 5 (see indicator Under age 5 mortality in ). Many survivors of preterm births also face a lifetime of disability, including learning disabilities and visual and hearing problems. But preterm birth can be largely prevented. Three-quarters of deaths associated with preterm birth can be saved without intensive care facilities. Current cost-effective interventions include warmth (skin to skin contact within the first minute of birth), kangaroo mother care and early initiation of breastfeeding (within the first hour of birth) and basic care for infections and breathing difficulties (WHO, 2013d; see indicator Infant mortality in ). Preterm birth rates can be also reduced if women, particularly adolescents, have better access to family planning and increased empowerment, as well as improved care during pregnancies (see indicator Reproductive health in ).