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ADB	Asian Development Bank
AIFC	Astana International Financial Centre
ANTA	National Agency of Road Transport (Agenția Națională Transport Auto)
BAU	Business as usual (scenario)
BMNT	(Austrian) Federal Ministry for Sustainability and Tourism (Bundesministerium für Nachhaltigkeit und Tourismus)
BMU	(German) Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit)
BRT	Bus rapid transit (system)
CAREC	Regional Environmental Centre for Central Asia
CDM	Clean development mechanism
CHP	Combined heat and power (generation)
CNG	Compressed natural gas
COP	Conference of the Parties (to the UNFCCC)
CPT	Clean public transport (OECD project)
DGC	Dynamic generation costs
EBRD	European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EECCA	Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia
EU	European Union
EUR	Euro (Eurozone currency)
GCF	Green Climate Fund
GEF	Global Environment Facility
GDP	Gross domestic product
GHG	Greenhouse gas (emissions)
GIZ	German Development Cooperation (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit)
IFI	International financial institution
IKI	International Climate Initiative (Internationale Klimaschutzinitiative) of Germany
INDC	Intended nationally determined contribution
IPPA	Investment Promotion and Protection Agency of the Kyrgyz Republic
IU	Implementation unit
JI	Joint implementation
JSC	Joint stock company
KGS	Kyrgyzstani som (national currency of Kyrgyzstan)
KPC	Kommunalkredit Public Consulting
KZT	Kazahkstani tenge (national currency of Kazakhstan)
LLP	Limited liability partnership
LNG	Liquefied natural gas
LPG	Liquefied petroleum gas
LUCF	Land-use change and forestry
LULUCF	Land use, land-use change and forestry
MAC	Maximum allowable concentration
MARDE	Ministry of Agriculture, Regional Development and Environment of Moldova
MDL	Moldovan leu (national currency of Moldova)
MoE	Ministry of Energy of Kazakhstan
MoEcon	Ministry of Economy of Kyrgyzstan
MoEnv	(former) Ministry of Environment of Moldova
MTEF	Medium-term expenditure framework
NCF	Net cash flow
NDC	Nationally determined contribution
NFEP&WM	(Polish) National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management
NGO	Non-governmental organisation
NPV	Net present value
OECD	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OPTIC	Optimising public transport investment costs (OECD model)
O&M	Operation & maintenance (costs)
PCM	Project cycle management
PE	Programming entity
PLN	Polish zloty (national currency of Poland)
PM	Particulate matter
PM	Prime Minister (Office)
PV	Photovoltaic
RSE	Republican state-owned enterprise
SAEPF	State Agency for Environmental Protection and Forestry (of Kyrgyzstan)
TSU	Technical support unit
UN	United Nations
UNDP	United Nations Development Programme
UNFCCC	United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
USD	United States dollar (US currency)
WB	World Bank
WHO	World Health Organization
Units, quantities and compounds
CO	Carbon monoxide
CO₂	Carbon dioxide
kg	Kilogram
km	Kilometre
kpvpd	Kilometre per vehicle per day
kt	Kiloton
m	Metre
mg	Milligram
mln	Million
MW	Megawatt
m³	Cubic metre
NO_x	Nitrogen oxide
N₂O	Dinitrogen oxide
SO₂	Sulphur dioxide
t	Tonne
tCO₂	Tonne of CO₂
tCO₂e	Tonne of CO₂equivalent
thous.	Thousand
tNO_x	Tonne of NO_x
µg	Microgram

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https://doi.org/10.1787/fcb6c9de-en

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Green Finance and Investment: Promoting Clean Urban Public Transportation in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Moldova: Summary Report of Project Implementation 2016-2019

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Abbreviations and acronyms