Abbreviations and acronyms

ADR

Alternative dispute resolution 

AIDA

Albanian Investment Development Agency 

ALB

Albania

ALMP

Active labour market programme

BCP

Border crossing point

BEEPS

Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey

BEPS

Base erosion and profit shifting

BIH

Bosnia and Herzegovina 

BIT

Bilateral investment treaty

CAP

Common Agricultural Policy

CBA

Cost-benefit analysis

CEEC

Central and Eastern European countries 

CERT

Computer emergency response team

CEFTA

Central European Free Trade Agreement

CIT

Corporate income tax

CO

Competitiveness Outlook

CO2

Carbon dioxide

CRM

Common Regional Market

CSO

Civil society organisation

DHLGCI

DHL Global Connectedness Index 

DSO

Distribution system operator

DTIDZ

Directorate for Technological Industrial Development Zones 

EBRD

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

ECE

Early childhood education

EEA

European Economic Area

EFTA

European Free Trade Association

EIB

European Investment Bank

EMIS

Education management information system

ERP

Economic Reform Programme

ETF

European Training Foundation

EU

European Union

EUR

Euro

FAO

Food and Agriculture Organization

FBiH

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

FDI

Foreign direct investment

FIP

Feed-in premium

FIT

Feed-in tariff

GCI

Global Competitiveness Index 

GDP

Gross domestic product

GDPR

EU General Data Protection Regulation

GERD

Gross expenditure on research and development 

GHG

Greenhouse gas

GST

Goods and services tax

GVC

Global value chain

HEI

Higher education institution

HR

Human resources

ICT

Information and communication technology

IFI

International financial institution

ILO

International Labour Organization

IMF

International Monetary Fund

IP

Intellectual property

IPA

Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance

IPA

Investment promotion agency

IPARD

Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance for Rural Development

IPP

Intellectual property protection 

ISIC

International Standard Industrial Classification

ITE

Initial teacher education

IWW

Inland waterways 

KIESA

Kosovo Investment and Enterprise Support Agency 

KOS

Kosovo

LFS

Labour Force Survey

LPI

Logistics Performance Index

LPIS

Land parcel identification systems 

MKD

North Macedonia

MIA

Montenegro Investment Agency

MNE

Montenegro

MNE

Multinational enterprise

MSME

Micro, small and medium-sized enterprise

NEET

Not in education, employment or training

NGO

Non-government organisation

NO2

Nitrogen dioxide 

NPL

Non-performing loans

OECD

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

OHS

Occupational health and safety

OSS

One-stop shop

PARS

Public Administration Reform Strategies 

PDP

Personal data protection

PES

Public employment services

PISA

Programme for International Student Assessment

PIT

Personal income tax

PM

Particulate matter

PPI

Private participation in infrastructure 

PPP

Public-private partnership

PPP

Purchasing power parity

Q

Quarter

R&D

Research and development

RAS

Development Agency of Serbia 

RCC

Regional Cooperation Council

RDI

Research and development institutes 

RIA

Regulatory impact assessment

RS

Republika Srpska 

SDG

Sustainable Development Goal

SME

Small and medium-sized enterprise

SOE

State-owned enterprise

SPP

Single project pipeline

SPS

Sanitary and phytosanitary measures

SSC

Social security contribution

SRB

Serbia

STI

Science, technology and innovation

STP

Science and technology parks 

STRI

OECD Services Trade Restrictiveness Index

TCPS

Transport Community Permanent Secretariat

TCT

Transport Community Treaty

TEN-T

Trans-European Transport Network 

TFI

OECD Trade Facilitation Indicators

TSA

Tourism Satellite Account

TSO

Transmission system operator

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme

UNFCCC

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 

USD

United States dollar

VAT

Value-added tax

VET

Vocational education and training

WB6

Six Western Balkan economies

WBIF

Western Balkan Investment Framework

WB EDIF

Western Balkans Enterprise Development and Innovation Facility

WBL

Work-based learning

WHO

World Health Organization

WIPO

World Intellectual Property Organization

WTO

World Trade Organization

WWTP

Wastewater treatment plants 

y-o-y

Year on year

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