Abbreviations and acronyms

Degree Celsius

North latitude

South latitude

Micrometre (= 10^-6 m)

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase

Amplified fragment length polymorphism

Acetolactate synthase

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Ammonia-oxidising archaea

Ammonia-oxidising bacteria

Apomictic Offspring Producer

Apple mosaic virus

Adenosine triphosphate

African Union Development Agency – New Partnership for Africa’s Development

Australian Wildlife Conservancy

Bacterial blight

Backcross

Before the Common (or current) Era

Biological control organism

Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)

Bacillus thuringiensis

Carthamus genus

CRISPR associated protein 9

OECD Chemicals and Biotechnology Committee

Centimetre

Centimorgan (or map unit [m.u.], a unit for measuring genetic linkage)

Cytoplasmic male sterility

Critically endangered species (IUCN Red List category)

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats

Chinese wild rice

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Environment-sensitive genic male sterility

Endangered species (IUCN Red List category)

Effective pollination period

Effector-triggered immunity

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

FAO Statistical Databases

Gramme

Gigabases (= 10⁹ base pairs; genome size unit)

Genetically engineered

Genetic male sterility

Green rice leafhopper

Germplasm Resources Information Network

Global Rice Science Partnership

Gametophytic self-incompatibility

Guanosine-5'-triphosphate

Beta-glucuronidase

Hour

Hectare

Integrated Genetic Linkage Map

International Life Sciences Institute – Center for Environmental Risk Assessment

International Rice Genome Sequencing Project

International Rice Research Institute

International Union for Conservation of Nature

Kilogramme

Kilometre

Honglian (a wild rice CMS type)

Lead rice

Liang-You-Pei-Jiu (a hybrid rice strain)

Metre

Malus genus

Square metre

Marker-assisted selection

Megabases (=10⁶ base pairs; genome size unit)

Megabases pair

Milligramme  

Marker-linked GMS

Millimetre

Michigan State University

Million years ago

Nucleotide-Binding Site Leucine-Rich Repeat

New Rice for Africa

Nuclear male sterility

Near threatened species (IUCN Red List category)

Oryza genus

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

Pyricularia genus

Peiai 64S (a photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line)

Protospacer adjacent motif

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns

Programmed cell death

Polyethylene glycol (method)

Picogramme (= 10^-12 g)

Photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterility

Potential of hydrogen

Polyphenol oxidase

Pentatricopeptide repeat

Pathogenesis-related (protein)

PAMP-triggered immunity

Quantitative trait locus (plural form: Q. T. Loci)

Random amplified polymorphic DNA

Rice Annotation Project Database

Rice black-streaked dwarf virus

Rice dwarf virus

Rice grassy stunt virus

Ribonucleic acid interference

Reactive oxygen species

Rice ragged stunt virus

Rice stripe virus

Rice tungro bacilliform virus

Rice tungro spherical virus

Salicylic acid

Small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus)

Site-directed nuclease

OECD Series on Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology

Single nucleotide polymorphism

Sequence-related amplified polymorphism

Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus

Self-incompatibility ribonuclease

Simple sequence repeat

Tonne

Transcription activator-like effector nucleases

Thermo-sensitive genic male sterility

Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes

Transmission ratio distortion

United Nations Environment Programme

United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service

Vulnerable species (IUCN Red List category)

Wild abortive

Whitebacked planthopper (Sogatella furcifera)

OECD Working Party on the Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology

OECD Working Party for the Safety of Novel Foods and Feeds