Innovation in Energy Technology
Comparing National Innovation Systems at the Sectoral Level
This report reviews efforts under way in a number of OECD countries to advance innovation in energy technology, with a particular focus on hydrogen fuel cells. It compares energy innovation systems in Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, Norway, the United Kingdom and United States to identify the roles of government, industry, universities and other public research organisations in the innovation process. It also examines the policies governments are implementing to finance needed research and development and to stimulate market demand for innovative energy technologies.
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Norway: Fuel Cells
Norway has potential to increase its energy production by developing innovations, both in fossil fuels and in new, renewable energy sources. Innovation activities in fuel cells, and in related hydrogen technologies in particular, are therefore important and the topic of this report, which reviews the main components of Norway’s innovation system for fuel cell and hydrogen technologies, including those in industry, the scientific community and government. It shows that while Norway possesses unique strengths in fuel cell and related hydrogen technology, its innovation system remains weak. Efforts of industry, the scientific community and government are decoupled and lack strong political and strategic leadership. Recent efforts to develop a strategy and plan for escalating Norway’s R&D and innovation activities in hydrogen and fuel cells may provide opportunities for greater leadership, but to date have not resulted in concrete policy developments.
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