Start-ups are an important source of job creation in OECD economies. Monitoring them provides an important, timely, indicator of entrepreneurialism in an economy, particularly when coupled with other information, for example, the state of the overall labour market or measures introduced by governments to stimulate self-employment. It is important to note, when interpreting the data, that push factors (i.e. high structural unemployment) and pull factors (e.g. increased opportunities) can both play a role in high start-up rates.