This chapter sets out the current challenges faced by the Netherlands to manage water risks (“too much”, “too little”, “too polluted” water and the risk of undermining the resilience of freshwater ecosystems), based on OECD’s framework for water security. It examines the extent to which the Dutch “know” the water risks they face, which requires bringing together both scientific risk assessments as well as an understanding of risk perceptions by stakeholders. The chapter then proposes options for improving the knowledge of water risks and raising awareness, which can influence decisions about exposure and vulnerability to water risks as well as secure willingness to pay for the management of water risks.