China introduced the largest stimulus package in the world in late 2008, in the wake of the global financial crisis. China was also the first major economy in the world to emerge from the crisis. After a brief though sharp downturn in 2008, the Chinese economy recovered and grew by 8.7% in 2009 and by 10.4% in 2010. This article discusses the fiscal stimulus measures adopted in China in terms of their substantive composition, as well as the decision-making processes and implementation mechanisms. It also discusses some of the challenges encountered.