This chapter describes the context for open government in Latin America. It introduces the Open Government Partnership (OGP), its core principles and the OGP process. It then analyses recent reform efforts taken by Latin American countries and provides a picture of the region’s main challenges. In the last section, the chapter presents the frameworks to assess open government and open data policies and initiatives developed by the OECD and used to review the progresses and achievements in the region highlighted in this report.