This chapter is a summary of the background report Market Openness in Indonesia. It identifies how enhancing Indonesia’s performance in trade and investment will be the key to achieving its goals for real economic growth and improvements to health, education and poverty reduction. It assesses the recent developments in trade and investment policy in Indonesia and recommends further measures that Indonesia should take to improve the regulatory process and link its internal domestic market, and its economy as a whole, to world markets. These focus on applying an economy-wide evaluation of policies and regulation, implementing systematic public consultation, streamlining licensing, and improving co-ordination of the regulatory powers of the central government and the regions.