In focusing on meeting the goals of the European Union’s Lisbon Agenda on economic growth and job creation, Portugal has decided to create an attractive business climate by significantly improving public sector performance. Since 2006, with high political priority, attention, and results, Portugal has been implementing a series of extensive and ambitious integrated administrative simplification and e-government programmes: the Simplex Programmes. These programmes – unique among OECD countries and having attracted significant public attention in Portugal – aim at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of public service delivery to citizens and businesses as well as improving competitiveness through better regulatory frameworks. Other farreaching reform programmes also aim at transforming the public sector. These efforts, which are well under way, benefit from high level attention, ensuring sustainability and continuity, not just at the central government level but also among regions and municipalities.