Governments need to respond to a widening range of fiscal, economic, social and political challenges. Responding to these challenges requires a “Strategic State” approach that emphasises leadership and stewardship from the centre, integrity and transparency, the importance of networks and institutions (both inside and outside government), the need to draw inspiration from sub-national initiatives and citizens, and, crucially, effective implementation of strategies and policies in support of positive outcomes and impacts for a country’s economy and society. A “Strategic State” can support policies and programmes for growth and well-being and build trust in the capacity of governments to deliver for citizens and businesses.