Fiscal Decentralisation and Inclusive Growth
Intergovernmental fiscal frameworks, as considered by the OECD Network on Fiscal Relations Across Levels of Government, are a core driver of inclusive growth. Certain institutions and policies can contribute to a more equitable distribution of economic gains across jurisdictions and income groups, such as equalisation systems. In particular, the quality of public sector outcomes depends on how responsibilities and functions such as education or health care are shared across government levels. This implies that intergovernmental fiscal frameworks, which drive the division of roles of the central and sub-national governments, critically influence growth and the inclusiveness of an economy. This book brings together academics and practitioners to address key aspects of intergovernmental fiscal relations and country experience, as they relate to inclusive growth.
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Fiscal decentralisation in the Netherlands: Distributional and employment effects
Fiscal decentralisation is widely advocated as a means to enhance allocative efficiency and accountability at the local level. Moreover, several countries seek to shift taxes from earned income to more “growth-friendly” bases such as immovable property, which is usually levied at the local level. Yet large distributional effects may well impede such tax reforms. In this chapter, we use simulations to explore the distributional effects of a shift from the national earned income tax to either a local tax on the use of residential real estate or a local head tax in the Netherlands. The analysis shows that distributional effects may be reduced considerably by design. Policy scenarios in which distributional effects are minimised, and the tax burden is shifted towards immovable property show that the tax shift yields a moderately positive impact on employment.
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