This research explores how fiscal autonomy across governmental tiers affects housing supply amidst declining housing affordability across countries. Using unique OECD indicators, the study assesses the decentralisation of housing-related spending and property tax autonomy. While local governments often possess insights into regional needs, they often encounter "NIMBYism", where current residents resist new development. The chapter also evaluates the influence of tax autonomy, particularly regarding property taxes, on housing supply. The results indicate that countries with more local control over housing spending policies exhibit lower housing supply elasticities. In contrast, for those subnational entities that control more of their property tax base, a higher elasticity is found, potentially driven by the lure of increased tax revenues from new development. This study underscores the interplay between spending decentralisation and tax incentives, suggesting that local tax benefits might counteract opposition to housing development.