Taking into consideration the experience of OECD countries, this chapter presents Kazakhstan’s civil service structure, composition and organisation of human resources (HR). The main data source is the 2016 OECD Survey on Strategic Human Resource Management in Central/Federal Governments of OECD Countries, which looks at central government’s HR management practices and civil service reform strategies. Like in many OECD countries, civil servants tend to be the dominant profile in Kazakhstan’s central public administration. The workforce seems to be relatively balanced in terms of age, however like in many OECD countries in Kazakhstan women tend to be underrepresented in senior management. HR policies are under the responsibility of the Agency for Civil Service Affairs and Anti-Corruption, but some responsibilities (for example on remuneration) are shared with the Ministries of National Economy and of Finance. While Kazakhstan collects data to a similar degree as the OECD average, data could be better leveraged to support workforce planning.