Documents de travail de l'OCDE sur la politique commerciale
Cette série porte sur la politique commerciale.
- ISSN : 18166873 (en ligne)
- https://doi.org/10.1787/18166873
Trade and Innovation: Report on the Chemicals Sector
This study analyses linkages between trade and innovation in the chemicals sector, building on past work at the OECD on trade and innovation. The chemicals sector has a long history of innovation and is a large trading item. It covers very diverse sub-sectors. This paper analyses and compares different trade and innovation linkages in basic industrial chemicals, speciality and fine chemicals and consumer chemicals. This sector has also been a subject of successive rounds of multilateral trade negotiations, and partly as a consequence tariff rates have been reduced over time. Nonetheless remaining tariffs are still non-negligible and constitute impediments to trade. Export restrictive measures on raw material inputs are also being highlighted on the trade negotiating agenda. Moreover, the chemicals sector is heavily regulated for health and environmental reasons and further legislative initiatives have been pursued, whose practical impact on innovation remains to be seen. Intellectual property has played a very important role in technology diffusion in this sector, and infringement of intellectual property continues to be a major problem.
Mots-clés: emerging economies, innovation, chemicals, multilateral trade negotiations, technical barriers to trade, intellectual property, financial crisis, export restrictive measures, environmental regulations, Chemicals Tariff Harmonization Agreement
JEL:
F13: International Economics / Trade / Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations;
O31: Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth / Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights / Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives;
L65: Industrial Organization / Industry Studies: Manufacturing / Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology; Plastics;
F14: International Economics / Trade / Empirical Studies of Trade