Chile has made impressive strides in terms of economic growth and living standards in recent decades. Yet, the country faces new and important sustainable development challenges. These include first and foremost stimulating productivity growth to sustain continuous improvements in the living standards of its citizens, reducing social inequalities and combating climate change. The 2019‑20 social protest and the COVID‑19 pandemic have made these challenges yet more pressing and addressing them will be crucial for Chile to become a more prosperous, equitable and resilient economy.