This chapter begins with a restatement of the economic first principles informing the valuation of life and health and, therewith, the cost of mortalities and morbidities. It shows that a standard method is available by which to measure the cost of mortality – the value of statistical life (VSL). While there is work to be done in order to establish standard measurement methods regarding morbidity, it is possible to proceed with an indicative estimate of the additional cost imposed by morbidities drawn from the best available evidence.