Sweden has shown a longstanding commitment to mitigating emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) both domestically and internationally. This chapter assesses the country’s performance in reaching its ambitious domestic emissions reduction targets. It describes Sweden’s institutional arrangements for climate change policy making and the policies and measures to reduce GHG emissions. In particular, this chapter reviews carbon pricing, in the form of carbon and energy taxes and emission trading. It discusses policies to curb GHG emissions in the transport and energy sectors, including measures to promote energy efficiency and the use of renewables.